What's so special about the City of London historically?
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- Опубликовано: 8 июл 2024
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Today I want to look at the City of London, in particular how it obtained its unusual historic rights and privileges…
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Intro / Outro song: Silent Partner, "Greenery" [ • Greenery - Silent Part... ]
SFX from freesfx.co.uk/Default.aspx
Linked videos and playlists:
William the Conqueror’s coronation: • 1066: Christmas, Battl...
Images (from Wikimedia Commons, unless otherwise stated):
Detail from the “Long View of London from Bankside”, a panorama of London by Wenceslaus Hollar (1647). Scanned from a facsimile.
Map of England showing Greater London by Nilfanion, created using Ordnance Survey data.
Map of Greater London by Nilfanion, created using Ordnance Survey data.
Map showing the City of London within Greater London, created by TUBS.
Artist's Impression of the Tower of London Site, c.AD400, by Ivan Lapper © Royal Armouries at the Tower of London. Photo credit: Royal Armouries at the Tower of London. From artuk.org
Londinium as it may have looked in the 4th century CE by Fremantleboy, Drallim.
Map of the British Isles around 886 by Lotroo.
Edward the Confessor, enthroned, opening scene of the Bayeux Tapestry (11th century). Held by the Bayeux Tapestry Museum.
Westminster shown within Greater London, created by TUBS.
King John hunting in the Statutes of England (14th century). Held by the British Library, BL Cotton MS Claudius D II, f.116.
Screenshots from www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/about...
Screenshot from lordmayorsshow.london/
Bayeux Tapestry - Scene 23: Harold swearing oath on holy relics to William, Duke of Normandy. Held by the Bayeux Tapestry Museum.
Detail from a map showing the dominions of William the Conqueror around 1087 from The Historical Atlas by William R. Shepherd (1926). Courtesy of the University of Texas Libraries, The University of Texas at Austin.
Detail from a map of the British city of London in around 1300. Vectorised version of File:Plan of London in 1300.jpg by William R. Shepherd, a work in the public domain in the United States, also its home country, by virtue of being published in 1923 without copyright renewal. This version is by Grandiose.
Artist's Impression of the Tower of London Site, 1080 by Ivan Lapper © Royal Armouries at the Tower of London. Photo credit: Royal Armouries at the Tower of London. From artuk.org
Reconstructed View of the Tower of London, Norman Castle with Roman Walls, c.1100, by Ivan Lapper © Royal Armouries at the Tower of London. Photo credit: Royal Armouries at the Tower of London. From artuk.org
Screenshot of Google Maps showing distance between London Bridge and Kingston Bridge.
Photograph of the Assistant Commissioner, City of London Police, in full ceremonial uniform at the Lord Mayor's Show 2006, accompanied by another mounted officer in No.1 dress uniform. Taken in 2006 by S. Pakhrin
Quoted texts:
www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/about...
www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/thing...
Also consulted, were:
Other relevant entries from The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Online.
#London #History #ReadingThePast
I would love an anthropology video. What did people eat? How did they shop? How did they cook? How did they get clothes? What kind of underwear did they wear? How did they furnish their homes? How did they decorate their homes? Much of life is taken up with this "stuff."
Thank you for these brilliant suggestions! I will add them to my list for future video topics 😊
I’d add what was the music like? What did they eat? Did they have pets/livestock?
I can recommend the "Time Travelers Guide to [enter historical period here] Britain" books by Ian Mortimer. They are easily digestible, touch on a lot of the interesting, more anthropological aspects of history and most of them have a chapter dedicated specifically to London during the given period.
Yes yes yes!!!!!!!!
Have you seen Tasting History's channel, it's fantastic! He makes a recipe from history with mixed results and gives a talk on history while it's cooking
I think the pageantry video would be awesome! Love to learn about the historical contexts behind old and new!
I second this!
@@nickimontie Motion passed! 😆
I’ll begin the research 🙌
I agree! But basically I agree to anything Dr Kat suggests! lol
Absolutely 👌👍🇬🇧
How bad ass is it that as a reference point for archeological endeavors, Boudica's scorched earth is a huge indicator of time frame in the past to this day. Incredible!!! Hail, Queen Boudica!!!
I visited London on my 40th birthday back in 2006...best trip outside of my homeland I ever took. I did alot of researching to prepare for the trip, including avoiding all the expensive "tourist-y" traps that comes with any large, historic city. I was really impressed with the subway system as it allowed me to explore London from literally end to end. My favorite spot: Trafalgar Square -- it literally felt like I was at the center of London and English history itself. I also fell in love with the National Gallery and the British Museum -- so much so that I actually spent TWO days of my 10 day birthday/vacation exploring and relishing both! What a glorious city!!!
If you choose to visit London again and want a central London visit but not at silly prices,here is a secret I've found. Stay at Twickenham. Only 30 minutes from Waterloo by train. Bus link to Hammersmith. "Ordinary" place with "normal" prices. Actually charming place in itself and lots there.
Haven’t visited London in years, but when I did, my favourites were the National Gallery and the Victoria and Albert Musuem; for both I would identify a limited number of galleries to visit, and close my eyes to those not on my list for that visit, or I would get overfill.
American here. Many of us admire the centuries-long traditions of the UK. These link present-day people to those who have come before and give a sense of stability in this ever-changing world. They bind the nation together, as do our traditions here. I’m enjoying your channel and your pleasant, well-spoken presence here in my home on my TV. Best wishes, Dr. Kat!!
This reminded me of two things:
1) not so long ago I worked for someone who was a member of" the wardens and commonality of the mystery of goldsmiths of the city of london" He was telling me all about the history of it and his family and how he got the membership, and now I so wish I had paid more attention and asked better questions.
2) Christ's Hospital School often march,and I believe the Head boy/girl gives a speech,at the Lord Mayor's Show.
Thank you! I've always wondered what the difference was, in practical purposes, between "London" and "the City Of London". Books and articles I've consulted tend to kind of talk it in circles, and the UK friends I've asked seem as perplexed as me (probably due to most of them not being as interested in history as I am). So this was very informative and I feel like I learned something new today. Which my mother always used to say was how you know a day has been well spent :)
Thank you ☺️
@@ReadingthePast 💙 love your content
Pageantry is history kept alive. I would certainly attend any event that continues the history of any city or country. I would also understand that pageantry grows out of proportion with the event it was originally conceived to celebrate, it is still great fun with historical roots.
I'm sorry that your channel is so addictive . The way you present history is one of the best channels on RUclips. Will the BBC give you a series? They would benefit from it! I don't know how they work because I'm in the US. Another terrific subject.
Thank you! I’d love to make a series for TV! Maybe I’ll be lucky enough one day 🤞
I would love to see the guild pageants for the Lord Mayors of London!
Vote for a pageantry video! I was able to see an old Roman wall ruin a few years ago. Amaziing.
At 67+ and having the Freedom of the City of London too, my love affair with the City burns as brightly as fiercely as it did from when my Mum lit the first spark at 8 years old. Since then, I’ve had the privilege of working at 2 of the City’s most prestigious buildings: The Old Bailey and St Bartholomew’s Hospital. I’ve also had a special tour of St Paul’s too. There are too many wonderful traditions, beliefs and tales which abound in the City to quote here, but one thing I don’t believe any historian worth their reputation would argue with and that’s the undeniable fact you could spend a lifetime studying the vast history of the City of London, yet still not cover all of it. From the time Humans learned to walk upright to the present day, the Square Mile remains a hub of humanity which comes alive five days a week and relaxes the rest of the time, but it’s still buzzing with tourists, visitors, essential workers and the curious. PS: The City of London workhouse was St Clements Hospital (now morphed into posh flats) situated in Bow Road. The City Fathers shoved their workhouse into the East End because they didn’t want it blighting their palatial splendour. Snobbish or Wot?
Ohhh, YESSSS!!! Please!!! We would love a video on the pageantry of these various precessions and celebrations. We’d absolutely LOVE that!!
So interesting, TY. ❣My 10th GGF William Jolley/Jolles/Jolliffe) brother was John Jolles (1587-1621) who was Lord Mayor of London in 1615 and Alderman of London-Tower Ward 1605-1621. He was part of the Drapery Guild. I wonder what their Pageant was like. The family (of Cofton Hackett) loyal to Charles 1st, were stripped of their land and titles by Cromwell around 1650. One son, Thomas Jolley/Jolliffe (1622-1693) thus went to the Colony of Virginia in 1651. He was my 9th GGF.
This is the same family of Thomas Jolliffe, who founded the "Free Grammar School," Stratford-on-Avon, in 1182 where William Shakespeare went (your "What was Literacy" video) A tablet in this school has this inscription: "Founded by Thomas Jolliffe, 1182; re-founded by King Charles VI, 1573." (Reference-"Nelson's Biographical Dictionary and Historical Reference Book of Fayette County, Pennsylvania..." by Henry E. Shepherd. and "Historical, genealogical, and biographical account of the Jolliffe family of Virginia, 1652 to 1893") Thank you for your videos- I LOVE THEM ❤
I love the way the City of London keeps its traditions, like the Lord Mayor Show. I also love the way many streets in there are still narrow and following the medieval map. This is a direct, living connection to history.
Nice summary on The City. I knew it was a separate entity, but you provided a good historical background.
I seem to recall reading that one of the things that impeded the Ripper murder investigations was the lack of co-operation between the City of London and the Metropolitan police - I've always thought it was a very odd amount of autonomy to be afforded to so small an area, so thankyou very much for this fascinating deep dive! And, yes, co-signing all the other comments, there can never be too many videos about pageantry....
Wonderful video! As an American, I appreciate anything you do that really dives into the peculiar history of England and the UK. Keep it coming!! 🤗🤗
About five or six years ago or was it before,anyway archaeologists announced they had found the earliest ever letter written in London. It was on a thin piece of wood,it dated from before Boudicca's attack and it was one London merchant of those days writing to another merchant somewhere about his business loan. It was about money anyway. And lots of comments ensued about how appropriate this was and shows that London has always been about money. Last November I caught the Lord Mayor's procession on tv (the first one after COVID) and in it,the young man who was in Back To The Future,the musical at the Adelphi Theatre sang a song from the show. I thought that's rather good so I booked to see it. I've never seen the films. The musical was stunning. Daft plot of course,aren't they all. But the acting,music and sheer energy was amazing. 3 of us are going up to see it again this October. Dr Kat,I don't mean this as a plug for that show even though I highly recommend it but it shows how one thing leads to another. A video on Lord Mayor's processions through the ages would be great.
Thank you 😊 and please feel free to always share any recommendations for things you have enjoyed! Back to the Future sounds fabulous 🤩
I would love a video on the pageantry! That would be lovely.
Love your channel. And thank you for this interesting rundown of the City of London (as opposed to the city, of London). In answer to your questions, Yes they do seem to be confusing and old fashioned. I believe that's why they are SO worth keeping alive. If people were better educated about the history it wouldn't be confusing and maybe if they weren't so confused they would value the traditions which make up such a varied and rich history a lot more.
Loved the video. Knowing this distinction of the City of London has made Sir Terry Pratchett Discworld series even more insightful and funny
The City of London is an impressive piece of real estate and a real gem in the history of the United Kingdom. This was great presentation and I would love to see a another one on the pageants. 😊 Thank you for all your hard work in creating informative, educational, and entertaining presentations.
I got History Hit on your excellent recommendation and I could not be happier...but for 1 thing. I would love to have you in the podcasts! Your content is so compelling and engaging! Great job as always ♡
Edgar Ætheling was the brother of my 27th great-grandmother, Margaret of Wessex. I knew he had been elected King and never crowned, but didn’t know that he was backed by The City of London.
Thank you for this video, it’s always interesting to learn more about ‘The City’, my partner has worked there for over two decades, and I used to walk through it each day on my way to work in Shoreditch. Such an interesting place, always something new to discover.
My late father-in-law was given the Freedom of the City of London for his work heading up an environmental charity. We have the scroll he was given. 🙂
hello there! we must be distant cousins... look at my connection if youre interested to see it...really facinating i think! :) Edgar, Uncrowned King of England is your 28th great uncle.
You
→ Oliver Hokanson
your father → Ellen Louise Yada
his mother → Nellie eldora Yada
her mother → Horace Greeley Hurd
her father → J. Alanson Hurd
his father → Susannah Hurd
his mother → Heli Foote
her father → Dr. Ichabod Foote
his father → Capt. Joseph Foote
his father → Lt. Robert Foote
his father → Nathaniel Foote "the Settler"
his father → Joane Foote
his mother → John Brooke
her father → Robert Brooke
his father → Edward Brooke
his father → Reginald Brooke, MP
his father → Joan Brooke, 5th Baroness of Cobham
his mother → SIr Reginald Braybrooke, MP
her father → Sir Gerard Braybrooke, MP
his father → Sir Gerard Braybrooke, of Colmworth
his father → Lora Braybrooke
his mother → Joan Wake, of Lidell
her mother → Ella de Beauchamp
her mother → Ida de Longespée of Salisbury
her mother → William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury
her father → Henry II "Curtmantle", king of England
his father → Empress Matilda
his mother → Matilda of Scotland
her mother → Saint Margaret, Queen of Scots
her mother → Edgar, Uncrowned King of England
her brother❤
do u sumtimes lay in bed at nite and wonder wht culd of been........?
@@markreynolds1112 Is that English?
@@ffotograffydd hahah i knw u wer going to reply with tht pretentious twat
@@markreynolds1112 Hmmmm, are you typing with your forehead? Come on dude, at least attempt to string a sentence together! 😂
Aussie here, gosh I love the sound of your voice! I may not be the smartest but I love how you explain the historical subjects in both technically and in a way that is easier to understand when you are new to this all. Thank you so much!
History is always worth celebrating!
I think historically speaking it's important for them to have the distinctions they do. It is special and they are celebrating it. The carrying on of pageantry and distinctions are a living history lesson so it's not out of fashion at all for me.
Another winner Dr. Kat. Love learning from/with you. Greeting from Alexandria VA, USA
I’m a Freeman of The City of London and listening to this makes me so proud. Thank you 😊
Very interesting. I never thought about the location of the Tower as both a threat and defense. I'd love to learn more about the Mayor of London's Show through history. To imagine that a tradesperson - a baker or draper or ironmonger - would stand up to the King, is a pretty impressive idea.
I suspect that the pageantry of the Lord Mayor would be fun to watch and see in it's many iterations. Historically, it was significant for the self-governing aspects of the people of London. It's relative merit today seems questionable unless it provides a tax status to the people themselves and not just corporations.
Loved the video ! A video on the different celebrations would be great . I think that the City of London should be able to keep it's independent identity . A thousand plus years is not a bad record .
I grew up in London, and have visited most London historic sites, but alho I was totally aware of 'The City' as an entity of it's own, nobody had ever explained to me what made it unique. Mainly I was aware there was a snobbery of 'high class' associated with having any kind of association with that entity, and people would be very proud that they worked there - no matter how lowly their actual job was ! So because of those experiences I have always largely ignored it as some kind of silly one-upmanship of my Brits ! I've lived in the US now for 30+ yrs so have a largely detached attitude to all this 'silly stuff' nowadays, altho have to admit, humans being humans, the US is just as 'silly' in it's own way ! This video was really interesting & very ennlightening, so thank you very much for my lesson today. I will pursue more on this as history has become my favorite subject in my now old age ! I think I have learned more of British history in the last 10 yrs of my life via RUclips than ever before - wonderful !
what a lovely, clear history of such an amazing anomoly
Wow!! I just learned some awesome history! I had no idea how special London is.
Thanks Dr. Kat 🤗
I just found you. I could listen to you all day. Wait I did. Hold up in my bed with an arthritis flare. Been a wonderful way to spend time.
Dr Kat is easily the sweetest person who ever made a RUclips channel
Took a walking tour around the “city” of London few years ago it was absolutely fascinating sooo looking forward to this one 🤩🤩- going to arrange my day around this episode Dr Kat.
Thank you Dr Kat for another excellent video and thank you History Hit! My subscription had expired and I was looking to justify a new subscription just for me in light of the cost of living just now! With 3 months at 50% off I have just signed up again and can continue enjoying lots of history right up until Xmas 👍💜🇬🇧
Please do go into detail of the pageantry of the Mayor's city. America does have it's confusing LA, Chicago and New York convoluted subterfuse over time, but this was eye opening. Obviously, I am not a scholar, but thank you. I love your channel.
Have you ever used the Early Modern Map of London hosted by the University of Victoria (Canada)? I really like it. It's an online project based on some Tudor-Period cartographic woodcuts.
I recently found your channel and have to say I love watching & learning from you. 👍
Would love for you to do a video on the past pageantry!
Just got back from a week in London. So many interesting museums and barely scratched the surface. Really enjoyed the Docklands museum which covered a lot of topics like industry and the life of workers that you don't hear about as much. I learned that London really started to explode outward from the City in the Regency era when new bridges were built and new docks built further East on the river because there was too much theft happening at the docks near Tower Bridge. Yes! I would love a video on the ceremonies. They are so strange and interesting. It seems like no one really knows why certain things are done certain ways. Another tidbit from this past week: The Drapers who bought Cromwell's house after his arrest, went on to do one of the grandest medieval style barge ceremonies on the river, that was kind of history bounding referencing the past.
I am a business librarian and have always been I terested in the Guilds and livery companies.
When my son was studying blacksmithing he took part in a Lord Mayor’s parade with all the guilds. They were pushing a magnificent iron swan that master blacksmiths and students had made that was later auctioned off for charity. He still has the commemorative umbrella (only in Britain) that he was given as it rained all the way. Still lots of fun!
Always interesting to hear new details of your home country
Dearest Dr. Kat, I always pick up new tidbits from your videos. However, I had no idea that there was a difference between London itself and "the square mile." It's fascinating that, even today, the police wear the red and white checkers on their uniform to distinguish themselves. I would love to know what uninterrupted special privileges the City of London enjoys today. Thank you for your generous teaching spirit.
Yes! Please do make a video on the pageantry of the Mayor of the City Of London.
Looking forward to the video :)
I love history. Thank you
Pageantry sounds like a fun video. I vote yes
My family are all Londoners and every Sunday my father would take me over to the City to point out the 'history bits' - he had been in the Welsh Guards and we often went to the Tower as he knew it very well having taken part in the Ceremony of the Keys often. I am so grateful to him for triggering my interest in history and for never getting fed up with the incessant questions of a small child.
The Tower is just the best place ever 😍
Amazing and informative...as always Dr. KAT
Details of the pageantry would be really interesting. I do enjoy your videos
I love Holborn and the streets leading into the City--and the City itself, of course. Thanks, Dr. Kat, for an especially fascinating talk.
I would love the video on the progressions as you described!
I love world history and love your channel! Not only do I learn about Great Britain in historical terms, u also are helping me as an American understand the Monarchy., it’s custom and it’s fascinating 🇺🇸❤️
I would love to hear more about the pageantry involved
The algorithm fortuitously sent me to you. Very good informative video! I really appreciate historians like you who contribute to RUclips.
I was always fascinated by the “bicephalous” development of London, compared to how for example Paris developed. Cheers from Montreal! I’ll be looking at many more of your videos with pleasure.🌹🇨🇦
Definitely a pageantry video!
Yes, let us know about the pageantry!!!
The City of London is definitely deserving of a few days' dedicated exploring while one is holidaying in London. There are all the touristy things - and, in spite of what many people say, if it's what you have been romanticising and dreaming about for your trip to London - do them. I won't promise they're the beginning and the end but if this is your trip of a lifetime - do all the touristy things you have been looking forward to. (Sky Garden rather than Eye is my advice though.) But spend a day or two with the City of London. I start at London Bridge station, cross London bridge and have a great time! Research before you go. You'll spend the afternoon in goosebumps!
I'm interested in the pageantry video. We have parades in small town USA, but it's mostly sweaty high school bands and scouts with tired feet
😂 I’m sure there are many that feel similar after taking part in the Lord Mayor’s Show (or they’ll just be soggy from being rained on for 5 hours solid)!
Fascinating, as always!
Thanks for another great video.
Thank-you Dr Kat.
I love these videos
Thanks Dr. Kat.😊
I would love to see a video about the pageantry!
Love your work and History Hits = happy days.
EXCELLENT VIDEO
Oh lovely! Thanks Dr Kat. Just booked a weekend trip to London for November so delighted to see this in my library.
I hope you have a fabulous time! Will you be here for bonfire night? There will definitely be some cool fireworks displays if you are!
@@ReadingthePast yes! I just googled it and realised it was Guy Fawkes night after reading your message! Can’t believe my luck now. I was wondering why the hotels were so expensive 😂 it will definitely be worth it now! Thanks for letting me know x
Your videos are always so fascinating and well researched!
Still subscribed!!!! Lol I check every video when you mention it.
Thanks Dr Kat, didn't know a lot of this tbh
Well done
YES! VERY interested in processions, The Black Rod and Lord Mayor's roles.
I love the idea of a video on any all pageantry, so yes to a video on the pageantry of the mayor going to pay homage to the king. Pageantry!
When we went on a guided tour of the Tower the Beefeater showing us round was hilarious His first question was ‘How many of you is British ?’2 of us put our hands up out of a group of 10 He leaned into us and said in a stage whisper‘We’d better stick together as we is surrounded- we can’t let them take the Tower’
He was very impressed when I pointed out that my husbands family - the de Lacy family - came over with William the Conqueror and were awarded E Lancs and W Yorks for their trouble with a castle at Pontefract. He kept calling him ‘My Lord’ !!
Thank you so much for uploading this video. It is helping me get through the pandemic!
Fascinating xxx
Awesome 🤠🤠
This will be so good.
Another great video. Thank you. Just wanted to mention that your shirt/top/blouse is very pretty. Love the pattern 🌺🌺🌺
It’s really lovely isn’t it?
Please could you do some videos on the City of York as well. It would be lovely for northern history to get more representation since it is so often overlooked.
Thanks!
Thank you very much, you are so kind 🥰
I loved this! Thank you for having this presentation for us even though you’re busy visiting something elsewhere. I hope we can hear all about it!
Hi - I'm going to subscribe to History Hit but I'd prefer to do the annual and not the monthly subscription. How can I ensure that they know I was directed there from your channel as your discount code won't apply. Thanks and love your channel!! Keep up the excellent work!
I have just found you. Fascinating, you make history alive!
Thank you so much and welcome to the channel 😊
Yet again Kat an interesting Talk
Very interesting thankyou. I have an interesting tale. Ive spent alot of time meditating and also walking around London. I came to recognise what I call 'power spots' which are small areas that Id notice would hieghten a sence of presence and light as I walked through them. One of the first I noticed was just by the a statue commemorating a water well by the Dell in Hyde Park. Another near Harrods and a more powerful one just near Bond St tube station. Theres a dip in Oxford street just there so I search online re if there was any significance to the area and to my great surprise found there was a small river there that provided fresh water to Westminster :)
A video about the pageantry of the livery companies’ processions would be fantastic!
Dr Cat, I would love to see the Lord Mayor parades! Thank you!
I love that blouse! Very pretty 😍
I'd love to see some specials on the Lord Mayor's processions, Thanks, a very interesting video
Wonderful video, thank you! It gave me food for thought. It is mind boggling to think that, historically, the river was the main artery, the most important factor for the existence and the growth of London through the ages. I feel I'm often so biased, living in our days and forgetting all about the Thames, maybe thinking of it as a passive landscape element. I think in your Samuel Pepys video you read one of his diary entries where he mentioned going from the City to Westminster by water. It was probably the fastest way then. I guess before the Thames Barrier the river was very tidal, up to Westminster...and not all rivers are like that. (I read somewhere that the Seine was never tidal in Paris, as the city is too upstream).
But I digress! 🙄😬 I'd love to see more videos on London and its history - so much has been found in recent archaeological digs - the silver lining for the skyscrapers, right? I recently read a book on the Norman conquest by Marc Morris and I love how it made me think differently of Edward the Confessor, it made me think of him as almost a hostage of the ambition of his in-laws of the House of Godwin, when earlier he was kind of a mystery to me. I haven't seen all your videos yet, but I would love, if possible, more content on Edward the Confessor and also on the history of London. Thank you again - your channel is delightful!
The Thames Barrier doesn't really control how much of the Thames is tidal, it's there to protect the city from higher tides causing flooding. I read that it was only closed for the 200th time since opening in 1982 during last autumn.
The Thames is still tidal up right up to Teddington lock and its not that unusual for the water to come over the Thames path down at Richmond at higher tides, I have seen it down by the White Cross pub on the river.
@@estellehowell4414 amazing, thank you!
Seriously, this is too good for RUclips. I thought the shallowest crossing closest to London was by Vauxhall. I noticed on a map that there is at least one dock upriver from there. If London had been designed for commerce only, I think that is where the City would have been located or re-located. London Bridge created problems with the flow, but maybe the level of commerce back then wouldn't have justified a larger port. On the subscription problems. sometimes you subscribe to a channel, but some of the channel's videos don't show up in your subscriptions, hence the importance of the bell icon.
Thank you 😊 the City of London is the marketplace of goods and services - it would have been served by a variety ports and docks, both costal and on the river. Present day St Katherine’s Docks (right next to the Tower to the east) was certainly a landing place from at least the Elizabethan period.
This is my understanding of early mediaeval history of London:
Pre-886: Roman Londinium is abandoned. Old St Paul's is established in the early 600s, but otherwise the city is called Lundenwic, located in modern Covent Garden and Aldwych, which booms during the Mercian Supremacy, including coin moneyers.
886: Alfred retakes London from Vikings. Alfred "returns" it to Mercia, and the area within the Roman walls is repopulated from the outer settlement of Lundenwic. Texts from this period mention Londonburgh.
900s: Probable construction of the first functional permanent river crossing that would become London Bridge, at about the same time Southwark is established as an Alfredian burgh.
911: Aethelflaed of Mercia cedes London to her brother, Edward the Elder. This presumably a transfer of fealty for the earldorman, later Alderman. Mercantile wealth, combined with avoidance of incorporation into a Shire, yet being at the quadripoint of 4 Shires, might be key to its current status.
1013: Old St Paul's in London is the burial place of Aethelred the Unready, which is destroyed in 1666. His reign is the first textual mention of "Lunden"
1065: Edward the Confessor builds Westminster Abbey., henceforth the required Coronation church for monarchs, until the present.