Why Timber Buildings are the Future of Structural Engineering
HTML-код
- Опубликовано: 2 окт 2024
- Timber Buildings are the future of Structural engineering, and most engineers have misconceptions of timber that cause them to try and avoid designing a building in timber design.
Timber structures provided the timber is sourced from the sustainable forest has a net benefit by reducing the embodied carbon from construction and can actually store carbon within the structural frame.
There is a misconception that Structural Timber is a weak material however when compared to a strength to weight ratio timber is 20% better than steel and outperforms concrete by 4 to 5 times. This means that a Timber building is able to be built higher at a reduced weight, this has several benefits first it has a direct reduction to the required footings, or if you have a weight restriction due to building on an existing building a timber structure would be able to add several additional floors.
Where timber buildings really shine is the engineered wood products such as Cross-laminated timber, LVL or Glulam these manufactured timber products have been designing to fully enhance the properties of timber with reduced wastage.
Timber is really the future of structural engineering.
What to watch next
Design Building to be Earthquake Resistant • The Key Concepts of De...
Engineering Reality Vs Expectation • Engineering Expectatio...
Day in the Life of A structural engineer in the office • A day in the life of a...
The Citicorp Center a near-miss • How The Citicorp Cente...
is BIM the future of engineering • Is BIM the Future of E...
The Golden Rule of Steel design • The Golden Rules of ho...
Rule of Thumb for Steel • The rules of thumb for...
Thumbnail image CC 3.0 - Jacobs School of Engineering, UC San Diego
💡💡💡
My name is Brendan and I am a structural engineer with over 15 years of experience based in Australia. I have a wide variety of projects from very small to some of the biggest in the southern hemisphere. I have a passion for good structural design and teaching/mentoring.
This channel is to share my passion for engineering and provide entertaining short clips on:
tips for young engineers on progressing their careers
anyone needing a refresher on any design element
design approaches
Review past engineering failures to improve structural knowledge
💡💡💡
📧LinkedIn Profile: / brendan-hasty-48a40a3b
👍Support the channel on Patreon: / brendanhasty
or Donate Directly via Paypal paypal.me/BHEn...
🔴🔴🔴
Disclaimer: Some of the below links are affiliate links as an Amazon Associate and other affiliate programs I'll earn a small commission from qualifying purchases at no additional cost to you.
🔴🔴🔴
📚Recommended Books for engineering Communication
Try Audible Premium Plus for free amzn.to/36B4pm0 up to 2 free books
kit.co/Brendan...
Concrete Structures Warner geni.us/ConStruct
Steel Designers' Handbook geni.us/SteelHand
Soft is the new Hard geni.us/SoftHard Also on Audible
How to Win Friends & Influence People geni.us/WinFriend Also on Audible
Never Split the Difference: geni.us/SplitDiff Also on Audible
The Subtle Art of Not Giving a geni.us/Subtle... Also on Audible
Books on Structures For anyone who wonder about the engineering behind building design
bringing back the fun to engineering.
Why Buildings Fall Down: How Structures Fail geni.us/WBFD
Structures: Or Why Things Don't Fall Down geni.us/WBDFD
🎥home office
kit.co/Brendan...
MX Master 3 geni.us/MXmo
Logitech K580 White geni.us/LogiK580
Samsung 32 Curved geni.us/rAIO
Philips 32 4k geni.us/32Phil...
Zbook Dock geni.us/ZDock
Zbook geni.us/Zbook
🎥Gear and Video Editing
kit.co/Brendan...
Rode VideoMic Pro+ Microphone geni.us/RVMP
Neewer 660 LED Video Light geni.us/N660
Neewer 480 RGB Led Light geni.us/N480
Sony A7 SIII geni.us/2X1kwK
camera Samsung S20 geni.us/SS20
🎥Video Editing
AMD Ryzen 9 3900X geni.us/HVrKeZz
MSI Meg X570 geni.us/kwY70ua
RTX 2080 Super Gaming windforce geni.us/O1AC
Samsung 970 PRO 1TB geni.us/SPR70
Samsung 970 EVO Plus 1TB geni.us/S970Ev
Fractal Design Define 7 geni.us/FD7B
🎥SEO tool
Tubebuddy www.tubebuddy....
Good work, I am doing a PhD on timber structures and we aim at developing connections and structural concepts based on CLT that would allow 12-14 floors
Hi Osama, Timber is great and is somehting we are likely to see more of into the future. hope you are going well in completeing your Phd.
I think this was a really cool way to introduce timber. Last year I took a course at university and we discussed the various points you've talked about. I have to admit that at first I was a little bit surprised about the properties of timber (especially the fact timber is good against seismic loads). Keep up the good work :)
Thanks Tonio, did you university course cover any additional points around timber design?
Timber is amazing for a natural construction material, it surprises most people how strong timber can be and it's ability to bend and flex without degrading this what makes it soo good under seismic forces.
@@BrendanHasty No, the additional topics covered by the corse weren't really about design. There was an historical review about how wood was used as building material in various times (which was pretty interesting tbh) and there was a little chapter about the detailing (which was cool but poor explained).
Is there any prrcautions regarding termites as once they are in the structure they can spread across the complete structure degrading it
Nice video. Your comment about the noise benefits of timber construction gave me pause though. In what sense? Timber construction often has significant cutting/ripping on site. Not to mention nail guns, drilling etc. All pretty loud. Concrete, masonry and steel construction all seem to be significantly quieter by comparison.
Hi Sean, concrete construction is really noisy during concrete pours, also there is drilling and other activities. steel construction has ratchet for tightening bolts and cranes are typically larger. I found all construction in noisy, relatively timber seem quieter.
Hello Brendan..thank you for this piece on timber construction..I feel timber the other two advantages of timber is its higher speed of constructability if we are to compare it to concrete . It has great thermal insulation properties as well if we look at in Temperate regions
Hi Martin, agree with both your advantages it excels at both. It has the benefits of Precast concrete but is much lighter.
I don't think timber is beneficial in term of durability as compared to concrete... Like history shows.... The only historical structures still standing today are made from concrete yet wood is an older method of building
Timber I beams for floor joists are common and popular - not sure if you considered that. Saw the fire thing coming, I've known that for a long time :-)
Hi Fredio, I have used posi-struts, tecbeams, and floor trusses. and timber I beams. each has benefits and drawbacks. Timber is more versatile them most people think.
Brendan, we love your channel. I do not agree on using timber and engineered wood products for larger buildings. Fire is an issue (huge issue as many jurisdictions and even cities are no longer allowing wood structures), insurance now that the insurance industry has real experience with these structures, water damage if not protected, rot, delamination, lack of proper connection practice by not very disciplined workforce, lack of proper beam lamination (through bolting and multiple torquing requirement), insects, problem with heat related failure due to adhesive bonding not mechanical fastening , I -joists, I rafters and LVLs failing during fires (just ask any fire marshals about this), shear wall issues, etc. If we had no CFS, structural steel and no concrete, we would be forced to deal with all this.
These observations come from 4 decades of experience with all of the above. Our inspections constantly identify significant and numerous problems on projects where timber is involved. The engineered members do allow for longer spans and modular type beams and all the issues I just mentioned become even more critical. Then add not well thought through surcharge loads on cantilevers and jobsite changes from owners and builders that we were only told about during or after a change (and had not given us a chance to run calcs on their either design or even cost cutting measures). We then have to engineer a structural solution to make up for the change or reduction in required strength. Oh, I did not mention that the HD connectors are not readily available. Simpson makes good product but not up what your image above shows. Even in large residential structures, all these problems exist. I hope this is not the future.
Hi Micheal, thanks for the well thought out message. Agree that durability can be an issue, but with any construction if not built correctly it will have issue. I have see building of all types having issues. The newer timber products seem to be improving but only time will tell.
The main hustle for me usually occurs when I have clients with middle eastern background mindset. They will always prefer their sites to be developed with the main material to be concrete or brick. Plus, they will be usually dealing with builders from the same background, who supports that idea. I fall in love with the timber usage in the residential construction, despite all I have seen of construction in my country was concrete. Timber construction is fast, light, easy to replace, environmental and effective in term of design. I will keep pushing my projects to be made out of timber
Hi Ibrahim, Timber can be a great product to build with. Hope you get to design with it.
this channel is an internet treasure. thank you so much for these great videos!
Hi Aunt Barbara, glad that you found my channel, thank you for your support and comments.
Sir can u upload Steel and Concrete Design series in microstran? Please.....
Hi Obed, thanks for watching, design video can be very hard to make interesting, I need to work out a way to make them enjoyable. It is something i am working on.
@@BrendanHasty Thank you.
Thoughts on treated and engineered bamboo?
Imagine the noise in a timber apartment block, absolute torture. Of course the developer will be living in his mansion in the country..... the end user is never though of.
solid Timber flooring is not too bad it preforms as almost as well as a concrete floor. there are many other elements you can add to the structure to attenuated noise transmission.
Saying that using timber cause global warming but ignore the carbon footprint of concrete and steel is hypocrite.
I think you misinterpreted what I said, timber Is better, it has roughly a 60% reductions to carbon emissions then steel or concrete solution. And it can also act as a store of carbon provided sustainable logging is utilised.
Residential timber design tips / rules of thumb would be awesome
Thanks for the suggestion Sam. I will add it to the list.
Awesome content as always. Please also smile in video & thumbnails
Hi Satyam, Thanks for the support, I will see what I can do.
Hi Brendan, thanks for sharing this interesting topic. Just a question here in regards to your high rise building example at the begining of video, how did they pass the non-combustible material testing?
Hi Jason, I am unsure of the approach they took; however, there are several ways it could have been addressed. Solid timber doesn't burn as easily, so it would have undergone testing, or they may have added a fire retardant soaked into the timber. Sometimes you can get a dispensation if you add additional mitigations methods.
The construction I have in mind which is drawing my attention to your videos is a residential 3-4 story (terraced by 1 if 4, flat if 3) with a 3.6 stud basement/garage all or mostly above grade and in a high fire risk area. For that reason I want the outside to be fibre-cement and the backing it's fixed to to be fire resistant and a layer of fire-impervious rockwool and steel behind that, then the internal lining and further insulation (eg foam-ply sandwich) beyond that. I know steel gets soft when it heats up and wood burns through slowly but my intent with that style of outer-to-inner layering would be to survive a fire with no or only superficial damage eg paint baked off. Whereas if the timber extended to the cladding it could end very badly if there was a forest/bush fire adjacent to the structure. That's a real risk in my particular location and maybe only a 20 or more yearly event, but one that I'd like to have in mind while designing the thing. 3.6 lower floor for 2 reasons, one to push up the main floor to panoramic view level over the lower-set house in front, and two to provide for enough room for a 2 post car lift and 3-layer car storage. Site is 2084sqm and about 550sqm is flat (~450sqm) or flatish (~100sqm) on top with approx 1:2 grade to the lower part which has maybe 300sqm of usable flatish land that I've got a driveway/turning area in packed gravel and am putting a small holiday cabin and associated facilities (eg a deck, smokehouse, carport, etc) on.
Interesting intro video to timber Brenden. And 4:27 good moves man.
Also can you do a video on load combinations for both steel and concrete.
It will be helpful if you could cover some international codes since load combos are frustratingly confusing a lot of times. Thanks.
Hi Deepak, thanks for noticing.
Thanks suggesting a video topic, I have been putting together a useful guide to cover internation codes, you need to look at both load combinations and material safety factors to get a FOS(factor of safety) to get a full overview.
@@BrendanHasty Thanks , waiting eagerly for the video.
Thank you Brandon, awesome video
Hi Taimoor, thanks for watching and enjoying.
For someone going into structural engineering, do you think a project coordinator position would be useful?
It depends is it for a builder or engineering firm? it maybe a good way to get your foot in the door if you are finding it hard to land your first position. not stay there too long.
@@BrendanHasty Thank you for replying! It’s for a road paving/construction company, so i don’t think it’ll be too helpful with getting the a structural-focused job
Thanks for the amazing content
Hi 김경민, thanks for watching and your support, if you have any suggestions on video you would want to see let me know.
I have no background with structural engineering but I do with aerospace engineering. This is your first video I have watched and let me tell you it was knowledgeable and exciting. I couldn't resist but to watch till the end and am happy to learn something new.
Keep up with the good work!
Hi AliHussain, thanks for your support. Glad that I was able to entertain whilst learning something.
The only problem i had we timber was on the constructor's quality control side. I used Glulam on a structure, those Glulam pieces need to have a tight quality control because the layers can detach from each other due to fabrication error, i warned their engineer several times for this fact.
He assured me everything was good several times, turns out one of them had this problem (to be used as purlins) and after 2 months, deflection on that purlin alone and on the shortest span, they tried to pass it as "normal" ahah.
Other than that, i never had an issue with timber, is a pain to design it to code in Europe (eurocode 5) but it gives good results as a structural material, even for fire it takes a long time before it looses resistance unlike steel (without fire protection).
Hi Ooze, you just need to be careful where you source the timber from, I havent had any issues. and agree timber can be an amazing construction material.
Hi Sir,
I'm a subscriber from India 🇮🇳 and a fresher graduate from Bachelors of Civil Engineering. Really love your content on Structural Engineering concepts. Your content has made me want to pursue the career as a structural engineer. Hope to meet you whenever I'll come to Australia. Thank you
Hi Mirza, glad that I have driven your passion for structural engineering. hope to meet your in the future.
Sir, you are using a very hard accent. Words are intermingling with each other... please use a little soft accent. Thanks
thanks, I think I have been talking too fast too, it is something I am working on. it is good to have suggestions on areas I can improve.
I think timber is a very under-used material due to traditional misconceptions. Thanks for clearing some of those up. It is not a subject that receives much attention (in RSA at least), so most of the time one has to do self-study. Another benefit not mentioned in the video or in the comments, is that it's a visually stimulating material. Few aesthetics beats a beautifully treated and exposed timber structure.
Hi Theuns, agree timber is very underrated as a structural material, more engineering should be talking about it's structural properties it is a great material. Total agree with it Aesthetics properties it is amazing to walk into a building that is made out of mass timber
What do you reckon is the catalyst for widespread usage? Are there any current resistance that's preventing it in Australia?
Hi Albert Welcome back, there is some resistance, however, this is more from Large building typically not being constructed from timber. and people are resistant to change. With the propagation of Manufactured timber products and getting the knowledge out there hopefully this will change with time.
I agree with almost all of what you said, but; sustainable logging sounds great; in reality not so great. If you grow vegetables at home or commercially, you will find that the growing takes nutrients from the soil. Simple replanting, which is what is usually done, results in inferior timber in the next crop of trees. Fertilising on a massive scale which would be needed for a forest, is not environmentally sustainable. BTW, fertilisers which are used on a big scale like wheat growing, are made from fossil fuels. If only it was that easy.
Hi lion, sustainable logging comes in many forms, plantation harvesting can have large negative effects like you mention.
Examples of sustainable forest management may avoid the complete removal of a forest is to use selective logging. Selective logging is the practice of removing certain trees while preserving the balance of the woodland. Selective logging is more time consuming and more expensive then clearing the trees, but it preserves the forest's assets.
Another example of a sustainable forestry practice is allowing young trees time to mature. While a young tree may have value, its value will increase as it matures. Proper forest management will take into account the potential value of trees and delay the harvest of immature trees. In this way, sustainable forest management protects the long-term value of the forest. Other examples of sustainable forestry involve the planting of trees to extend forestlands, as well as the creation of protected forests that provide safe habitats for various plant and animal species.
With the correct approach you can balance environmental impact with a cost-effective solution. Would it be more expensive then clear felling yes, but we should always look for a better way.
@@BrendanHasty Hi, yes I am very aware of selective logging. It does help the land and the environment when logging is undertaken. The practice trades some productivity with less damage to the environment which we all strive for. However anyone involved in growing things for cropping be it lawn or trees knows that repeated cropping is only possible with fertilizers, which on the scale of forests means using bulk fertilizers which are currently made mainly from natural gas. You need to take the long view. Each crop of harvested trees depletes the soil a bit more. In natural forests the regeneration of the soil is provided by the breakdown of the tree material into the soil. The natural cycle! If we stop the natural background regeneration by removing the timber, dear old mother earth hastens its trip down the gurgler. Take that tree material away and the soil is depleted, selective logging or not. Read up on it, the process has been well documented for centuries. Centuries ago, animal and human manure solved the issue when cropping was small scale. I suspect that a million people crapping in each forest could provide the necessary regenerative nutrients. I joke not, but one more palatable way forward is instead of cremating our dead with natural gas, we bury all bodies in the forests with no coffin, no cardboard box. Relogging is not sustainable.
An interesting apartment building went up not far from me here - 100% solid timber construction. If you crashed a car into that at 100kph the building would be okay. EPICLY strong thing with huge hydric buffer capacity and very good fire safety. Went and visited it on the regular during construction just to see how the various details fitted together. Pretty impressive thing. About 3 stories or so, and maybe an acre or so of land area occupied all up.
Yea timber can be very impressive, great a dissipating forces some earthquake, Wind and impact..
It is a underappreciated material.
@@BrendanHasty Not by me! I don't appreciate fast-grown pine much, but I love Jarrah and Kauri and Kwila and oak (whisky, wine) - I have some Aeromer and lots of teak and heaps of other species. Steel and wood both have their place. That building will be there in 1000 years unless it gets replaced with something else, but I'd pity the demo crew :-D
@@fredio54 @fredio54 Hi Fredio, I agree both have there place, same with concrete. composite steel and timber structures are achieve amazing things.
perfect video, thanks
Thanks for watching Marian
Mate, if you want to store more carbon in your structures, just use tool steel instead of mild steel. My top tip. Sorry for the bad joke :-D
lol, most steel has some recycled steel in the mix now days. so carbon heavy tho.
Hello Brendan, If you commission to design a structure made of bamboo material, what is the best design for bamboo that can resist earthquake and typhoon?