Requirements Traceability-Requirements Traceability Matrix-Requirement Traceability Matrix
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- Опубликовано: 7 авг 2024
- Requirements traceability or traceability in software testing is managed with RTM traceability matrix. Requirements traceability and traceability matrix is explained in this requirements traceability matrix tutorial that resolves the following queries:
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Requirements Traceability Matrix or Requirement Traceability Matrix or RTM in software testing shows requirements traceability to test cases. Learn about requirement traceability with examples along with requirements traceability, traceability matrix, requirements traceability matrix, requirement traceability matrix, requirements traceability,requirements traceability matrix,requirements traceability matrics,requirement traceability matrix,requirements traceability matrix template,requirement traceability matrix template,requirements management,traceability matrix,traceability matrix example and traceability matrix template.
0:00 Requirements Traceability Matrix Introduction
0:30 What is Requirements Traceability Matrix
1:13 Requirement Traceability Matrix Parts
2:05 Forward Traceability
2:28 Backward Traceability
2:45 Requirements Traceability to Test Cases
3:00 Requirements Traceability Matrix Template
3:41 Requirements Traceability - Requirement 1
4:57 Requirements Traceability - Requirement 2
5:19 Requirements Traceability - Requirement 3
5:57 Requirement Traceability Totals (Requirements)
6:30 Requirements Traceability - Test Case 1
6:53 Requirements Traceability - Test Case 2 onward
7:12 Requirement Traceability Totals (Test Cases)
8:00 Traceability Matrices in Testing Tips
11:29 Requirements Traceability Matrix RTM Summary
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Learn about requirement traceability and how to map requirements in traceability matrix using requirements traceability matrix template. This video resolves the following software testing queries:
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Learn what is RTM in software testing, used for requirements mapping of software requirements with test cases and other artifacts. Traceability matrix example explained shows rtm in manual testing using example rtm document and how to write rtm traceability matrix and maintain it. Useful for software tester to understand RTM meaning and importance. You can email me to get a copy of my RTM sample that I use in this software testing tutorial.
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![The Correct Requirements Traceability Matrix [+template]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/BYn83CEXSgo/mqdefault.jpg)
Very well explained.. I was little confused before watching this video about the relationship between TC and Req. I have got a clear idea about RTM now. Thanks for this easy, simple and clear video..
Straightforward, clear voice, and perfect explanation. Thank you!
@Christian Batach - Awesome comment. Please share this video, if possible.
Inder P Singh
You made this so simple. Thank you for the explanation.
Very clear and easy language ......If really want to understand concept of RTM then go through this video...
Such a usefull tutorial of RTM. Thanks!
Superb explanation.. easy to understand
Thanks for this tutorial. Really helped me with my project :)
It is a really good video for the topic. easy to understand & all confusions are over.
FINALLY ! found a video that makes sense about RTM thank you
Such a usefull tutorial of RTM :)
Thanks
Excellent explanation! Thank you !
Very useful tutorial. Thanks for sharing.
Thank You very much.It was very helpful.
excellent video. Just what I needed
The best video on RTM.
Very useful instructions. Thanks.
thank you very much...may God bless you..
You made it this very simple. Really useful videos. Thank you!
Good to know. Please subscribe to my channel. You may find my Test Automation tutorials useful too, especially the complete set on LoadRunner. The link to these training videos is ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGXVcy8EcrTSfwsC-v8EUZvg
Many thanks for the useful video..
Thank you! Really helpful
wow clear cut explanation...thank you !!
thanks! great video
really user-friendly videos. Thanks and kudos to the owner!
aisha magayo-ong Hi Aisha, thank you for your comments. Best wishes, Inder
Good job man, thanks.
thank u good n easy understandable...
Excellent tutorial :-)
Your all videos on QA is very detailed oriented & easy understandable & greatly expalined Awesome . Thanks
Mohit Singh Hi Mohit, you are welcome to this channel and my software blog at inderpsingh.blogspot.com/
Thank You . You explained it well .. in simple language .
Priya Pathak Glad that you found my video useful. Thank you.
Very Easy to understand....thanks
Very nice explanation regarding Requirements Traceability Matrix, Thanks a lot for sharing this.
Varsha - Thank you for your comment. Appreciate it :)
i am super new to this. and you helped ALOT! thanks!
Shahshank, you are welcome. I have sent you links to more resources. Thank you.
Thank you so much !!! this is really helpful!! nice explanation !!
Great! Thank you.
Hi Sir, Thanks for sharing your knowledge. I have understood completely without any doubt. Thank you very much:)
Ramya Baskaran Thank you, Ramya. You may find my other testing tutorials useful too. They are at ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
Thank you so much for explaining in very easy way. My fear for RTM is all over. Your instructions are very clear and helpful.
The RTM is a way to find out if each requirement is mapped to at least one test case.
Actually, the RTM can store more information than shown here. The requirements can be mapped to design documents and source code files. We can also check backward traceability. Just as every requirement should have at least one test case, every test case should be testing at least one requirement. This traceability in both directions can be checked for other project artifacts like design documents and source code files.
Thanks for your comment.
Great Explanation
thanku very much for this vedio..
Great explanation! Outstanding.
Hi Oliver, many thanks for your kind comment.
Super sir. Easy to understand
Best video on testing I have ever watched
Many thanks and welcome to this channel.
Regards,
Inder
explanation is very nice u plz explain with real time scenarios
very helpful and very thanks for creating this video....
Hi Usha, thank you. Please see the entire list of Software Testing Tutorials at
ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
you are rocking... explanation is crystal & clear... in single word awesome...
Thank you, Nikhila.
Nice Explanation. Very Useful.
Many thanks, Swetha. The full course is at the link, ruclips.net/video/T1a6LUXHZmg/видео.html
Very nice information
very helpful than you
great work. thanks for the explicity
Thank you.
I finally got it. Thanks a lot!
Olga, good to know. I have 37 Software testing tutorials. You can see the list at the link, ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
Inder a good video which is clear and to the point. Can you share a video explaining about cost budget and how to calculate profitability and revenue of a project?
Very well explained...Thankyou!
Madhavi, you are welcome. Thank you :)
crisp and concise explanation... nice job...
Many thanks, Manik.
Good explanation of the RTM in brief.
Ashutosh, many thanks for your comment. You may also like my tutorials on Test Estimation etc. at ruclips.net/video/8njsMOggqXs/видео.html&index=27&list=PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
Good One
now I understand this...many interviewer ask me same ques always got confused.....
thanks for sharing
very simple and easy to understand the concept.
Glad that you liked it :)
Thank You Sir! that helped a lot
You are very welcome.
your explanation is very good .
Many thanks.
Gr8 explaination.Thanks.
kokombo Thank you for your comment.
Thank u sir
excellent....very usefull video.. thank you..
Bhavika Pandya Thank you so much.
Super Video. Please make a video for Test Plan, How to start Test plane practically . Thanks For your support
Thanks a lot for your comment. Test Plan video at 17:10 in ruclips.net/video/vm5kGy6URjM/видео.html
Good explannation
Really very helpful video
thanks
Thank you, Vikas. You can check out my full set of 37 manual testing tutorials at the link, ruclips.net/video/T1a6LUXHZmg/видео.html
Hi,Thanks for your usual support, I have a question regarding prioritizing Test cases: for example if we have 14 TCs to cover a given module and for some reason we need to reduce the number of TCs . Is there a technique for prioritize? How can I select the less number with acceptable coverage? Thanks in advance.
+Nora D Thank you for this interesting question. You know that a reduction in the number of test cases run increases the risk that bugs slip through to production. So, you could consider combining the 14 TCs (at a higher-level/ less detailed) instead. If there is absolutely less time to test, we should run the test cases that test the highest priority requirements.
Thanks double ton Bro !
You are most welcome :)
You may find the videos in the Test Design playlist useful too. The link is ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWW0TzISFKqAN_ic8DnZvVc
GOOD JOB
Simple and good...
Many thanks, Pavan.
wonderfully explained 😃
Thank you. Please find the full playlist of Software testing tutorials at ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
Good job, well explained
Thank you, Elisha :)
thanks ?it was petty gud..
Gaurav, thank you.
Nice video and great explanation. I have a few questions:
1. Is it okay to include business requirements as well to the RTM so the full traceability is maintained?
2.Do you suggest seperate TM's for example from business requirements to functional requirements , functional requirements to test cases in case of large projects?
3. How could I include the status of tests (done, not done) for a particluar requirement in the RTM ?
Pil Lai Thank you. Here are my responses - 1. Yes. 2. In order for the RTM to become one huge mapping, we can divide it into sections but not separate documents. One section of Bus Requirements to Software Requirements (both functional and extra-functional). One section of Software Requirements to System Architecture and so on. 3. We don't use the RTM itself for tracking but we can take a copy of the data and use this data for tracking the test status of a particular release. Thank you.
your explanation skills are very good
Thank you. Appreciate your comment.
Hi Inder, Thanks for the video. If we don't have a software to manage version control, who prepares and manages the RTM. Is it the job of the tester or the test lead/manager??
Hi Avi - if you don't have version control, then the RTM can be controlled manually. The Test Lead can own the RTM. The tester can submit the RTM changes to the Test Lead for review and application to the RTM. However, such a process would create a bottleneck with the Test Lead as he or she needs to apply every single change to the RTM. So, better use a version control system - there are quite a few open source version control tools available.
Thank you for your question.
thanks!!!
You're welcome!
Thank you for keeping it simple and straight. Just one q'tion..What if Requirement doc and matrix are combined ...do you suggest to go for a tool to manage it ?
Thank you for your question. I am not sure that I understand the situation. The requirements document knows only the requirement IDs but has no knowledge of the test cases (at least initially, because the test cases do not exist yet). The Requirement Traceability Matrix should be outside the requirements document. If not, it has to be updated every single time there is a change in the traceability (which can be frequent if new test cases are written or existing test cases are updated). If possible, definitely go for a tool to manage the RTM. I don't have any preferences, just go with whichever tool supports creating and maintaining the RTM. Thanks again. Inder.
Software and Testing Training Hi Inder, Appreciate quick reply. I should have split the question. Anyways I understand the Req doc will followed by RTM, but in practical scenario when some project demands RTM describing Req as well... its a tricky situation :)...Any ways apart from that, in your opinion ,what tool is best for a complex RTM ?
Nilesh Bandgar
Hi Nilesh, if your test management system or project management system has the RTM feature (map the test cases to requirements and generate the RTM), then go for it. If not, the RTM can be created and maintained manually in Microsoft Excel. In Excel, you can write VBA scripts to do additional validations and tasks within the RTM.
Excellent..
Madhusudan Sharma Many thanks, Madhusudan.
crystal clear ...
Thank you. Please check out the other software testing tutorials in the complete playlist at ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
very well explained
Sankarsan, appreciate your comment. Thank you.
What if the maintenance of the matrix can hardly be done due to the pure number of elements? Here's what our customers say:
"The elimination of ... manual maintenance of Excel matrices, is a great relief; YAKINDU Traceability helps us to work 70% more efficiently in our projects and in a much more structured way."
The whole story is here:
www.itemis.com/en/yakindu/references/bauerhin/
Hi, I have a query here.
Do we have versions of RTM as per sprints (like RTM for each sprint or release)?
Or there is only single copy of RTM which contains all the requirements and test cases related to them till current date?
If second one is the case, then how would we manage RTM as it would have hundreds of requirements and thousands of test cases?
Hi Himanshu, the RTM is a single live document with all the requirements ID's and test cases ID's. Sometimes, the RTM is divided into modules (with one worksheet having requirements and test cases of one module only). Yes, the RTM may be huge but we can filter it based on any grouping. Thank you. Inder
+Software and Testing Training
I was not expecting such a quick respose.
Thank you very much...
Its great video sir. I want to know how to calculate test coverage ?
Thank you. Test coverage is a ratio. But, there are several test coverage metrics, which I have mentioned in my Data Flow Testing tutorial at ruclips.net/video/m_TQ-jsfRwM/видео.html
Nice
Thank you! reallyhelful.... Do you offer pay training ?
Yes, you are welcome to email me @ isingh 30 at g mail dot com (with no spaces) .
well explained
Pratibha, many thanks for your comment.
Thank you Sir. I got the concept.But Just wanted to be clear , should we also include Requirements matrix in Functional Requirement Doumentation also.
Lakshmi Prasanna No, it is a separate document. One of the inputs to create the Requirements Traceability Matrix is the Functional Requirements. The RTM has the relations between the requirements and software source code or test cases.
Hi, This was great tutorial for me, I have query that how do we figure out, how many tests we need for each requirement. Also how early RTM should be created. Thanks
Each lowest-level requirement must have at least one test that verifies it. Further, each requirement may have a negative test too. Therefore, each requirement must have at least one or two tests. RTM should be created as soon as the requirements are available. Thank you for your questions.
Great!Thank you for your quick response.
can we assess the quality of an application through traceability matrix..? can u explain the reason..?
Manisha Palacherla The final Requirements Traceability Matrix (RTM) is just one of the many inputs that we can use to assess the quality of the application under test. We can review the final RTM to find out 1) if each requirement has at least 1 test case to test it and 2) if the test cases mapped to each requirement test it correctly and fully. Then take actions based on our RTM review.
Nice tutorial with simple and easy to understand explanation. What program did you use to video record your desktop screen?
+St. Devil Its camstudio.
+Software and Testing Training Thanks!
I've couple of more questions based on this tutorial.
In formal software testing, there are multiple phases of testing i.e unit integration, system, UAT, regression etc. In which testing phase, this RTM would be applicable? Would each phase have it's own different RTM because each of these testing phases have different needs, environments and expected end results.
Second, in an agile environment if during the next sprint there have been features enhancements, addition/removal of features, how would this affect RTM? Is RTM a continually evolving matrix?
+St. Devil The RTM is a single artifact. It is the same single RTM document that is applicable during unit testing, integration testing, system testing, UAT etc. The reason is that RTM contains a mapping of Reqs to Test Cases. The same Req would map to several unit tests, the same Req would map to some integration tests, the same Req would map to some system tests and so on. Also, every unit test, every integration/ system/ acceptance test listed in the RTM would map to some Req.
Yes, the RTM is a continually evolving matrix.
Thank you for your questions.
+Software and Testing Training Thank you very much for your time and to explain in detail.
+St. Devil My pleasure. Thank you so much for your questions.
Under requirements you said those are the amount of test cases it takes to test that req, so do you mean it has that many scenarios?? Like you have 1,2,4,2,2,5,5,5,2,4?? if you could please explain. How can you know how many test cases it takes for that req;..
+raouf dou Let us take one example to understand this better. Req3 has 4 test cases. This means that the tester has these 4 test cases already available. These four different test cases would test different parts/ aspects of Req3. In other words, RTM is not a plan, it is a record of mapping of Requirements with Test Cases. Therefore, we need not estimate the number of test cases per requirement, we just need to count from the existing test cases. Thank you.
a very crucial issue is observed on the last of the delivery, how do u think tester react upon this issue and why ? can u explain this sir
Manisha Palacherla I can try. First, the tester should isolate the issue i.e. find out the exact conditions in which the issue occurs. Second, the tester should confirm the bug and then log the bug report with all the necessary steps and test data. Third, the tester should inform the team about this issue so that the developer(s) can analyze the bug immediately and decide whether the bug will be fixed in the current release or later. Thank you for your question.
Hi,
Thanks for this vedio, can you plz explain what is requirement document and what is the format of the same and all requirements have requirement id in requirement document ?
Sandeep Kumar There are many types of requirements, high level to very detailed. Also, there are many types of requirements documentation. Yes, each requirement should have a unique requirement ID so that it is identifiable. I have explained about requirement documents in my video, How to review Software Requirements at ruclips.net/video/Vz7TQ3eAQiU/видео.html
+Software and Testing Training Requirements must be detailed otherwise you simply have a goal and no decisions has been made as to how to address it. A high level "requirement" of making certain information available can be met by numerous low level detailed specifications. You cannot code with anything but detailed requirements, otherwise the developer is simply making in effect random decisions in order to supply the details.
Can you let me know in which part of the Fundamental Test Process is the RTM elaborated? (Test Planning, Test Analysis and Design, etc). Thank you for all the videos you are making.
Carlos - The RTM needs two data items - the requirements and the test cases (tests). The Requirement IDs can be put in the RTM when the Requirements Analysis is complete. The related test cases IDs can be put in the RTM when the Test Analysis and Design is complete. RTM update with respect to the documented test cases can be the last step of Test Design.
RTM is an important input to Test Execution. All the test cases (covering the requirements to be tested) are executed. This provides a reference to know the Test Execution status during testing.
Thank you for your question. Appreciate your comment :)
Software and Testing Training I don't know if may be in the future coming you can make some videos related to white testing specially with respect to Unit Testing. Thank you for the answer given regarding the RTM.
Carlos Morzan
Are you looking for general unit testing or specific topics like types of code coverage? Thank you for the suggestion. I will be glad to create useful videos.
Software and Testing Training I am looking for specific topics such as code coverage, memory leaks and automation of white box testing. Thank you again for your help.
Sorry for the late reply. I have a video that explains memory leak. Other videos to follow. The link of Memory Leak explained with example is ruclips.net/video/iFr1cvwhfbw/видео.html
Nice ........
Can you please your manual testing link of all videos serially..............
Thank you. All my 35 videos for manual testing are listed in order at ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
Hi how about the project is in Agile, in Agile we don’t have requirements but user stories
Hi, in Agile, we can map the user stories or epics to our test cases. We may also want to map our test cases to test runs and defects.
jabardst
Sir please let me know who will create RTM ,tester or team lead.
Hi, the team lead would create the RTM and each tester would update it. However, if you are the only tester in the project, you would yourself create the RTM and keep it updated. Thanks.
I want to learn the remaining course videos. Please send me the details
Sure. There are 37 videos in my Software Testing Tutorials playlist. You should view these in the order listed. The link is ruclips.net/p/PLc3SzDYhhiGWuMK03uYO-UENAx0s2woWM
Wow *****
why is there 3 test cases for TC1 is TC1 using the same test cases for all the requirements? if so how? i would like to know how would there be 4 or 3 or 2 test cases testing more then one requirement with that same test case. If you could please help me understand this. When would you use the same test cases?? i would like to understand this better.
In the example shown, TC1 is the test case. TC1 does not have 3 test cases, it is a single test case that tests 3 requirements, Req1, Req3 and Req10. This may happen when different steps of TC1 test different requirements e.g. Req1 is "The system shall display the home page to a logged in user", Req3 is "The system shall display the username on the home page" and Req10 is "The system shall display an error message in red in case of a failed log in attempt."
thank you so much for your response.. Wouldn't it be a new test case number like TC21 if it is testing a new requirement? because then you will adding more steps then the next requirement (lets say there is more steps to it) how can you still consider one test case for different requirements. Like the ones you stated, sounds like different steps/added steps to a previous test case.. Can you just write a new test case number? rather then use the same one as it would be more confusing? I would love to understand your experience/ view to this.
Yes, we may want to write a brand new test case for testing each new requirement. It is also possible that the tests for two or three requirements have so many common steps that it makes sense to have a single test case test them. There are advantages and disadvantages to both approaches. The first approach produces simpler test cases but take more effort to document them. The second approach produces test cases with less effort and is my preferred approach. The important thing in RTM is that no requirement should be left unmatched without any linked test case(s).
Would you be using the same test case and adding more steps to it? and consider it as one test case for more then one requirement or are you using the same one that tends to test other requirements without adding steps? thank you for your response and I'm sorry for all the questions, as i am very eager to learn.
+Software and Testing Training hello sir, I'm sorry for all the questions.. But if you don't mind, if you could please explain to me how is regression testing done? And what is regression testing. And when will you do it and how would you do it? If you could please assist me with this question. Do you run all the previous test cases for that module?
how to write performance test cases for facebook??...
how to write test cases for whatsapp application??...
Naresh Chintala The test cases are written according to the system requirements. In order to get the details with examples, please see my video "What is test case" at ruclips.net/video/mjB9XTpQmgc/видео.html