I noticed that history class tends to leave things out to mould the views of the youth to how they want them to perceive history. I once listened to a European “historian” who not once mentioned the Soviet Union in beating Germany. Saying that it was all them that won the war. Because if people knew the actual truth, they would perceive Russia today differently. And they dont want that.
Das Boot is THE BEST sub movie for realism. As a navy nuke, I had the opportunity to ask every sub skipper I knew about Das Boot. The. Best. Ever. Every single one of them.
True story, child killing screwed up my grandpa something furious. He died 4 years before I was even born. He drank himself to death basically. He basically faught against Hitler youth in the final days of world war 2. It really messed him up.
@@eddy_is_a_squidpotatoe471he fought for tranny story hour, he fought for childrens genital mutilation, he fought for the immigrant invasion and replacement, he fought for the spawns of satan
@@teedeeiss i dont believe that our current politics reflect what happened in WW2 nazi germany. Things are bad, but they aren't horrible yet, there's still time for change.
@@darkflames273 "YET" Most respectful (rly, no snark) reminder: it never STARTs w/the worst. It starts w/the trivial. But once we r past that, it's too late to stop it. Our path is clear & undeniable.
Wir haben den Film damals im Geschichtsunterricht gesehen. So ruhig war es selten in unserer Klasse... Ist jetzt über dreißig Jahre her aber ich kann mich noch sehr gut an die Stimmung danach erinnern.
I agree. There are new comers trying to play as leaders nowadays but they don’t know they are only following one of the most despised parties in history. Nothing new to us. ❤❤❤😢😢😢
How? These men were soldiers. Soldiers follow orders (even wrong orders). If they don’t follow orders, they are the next to stand in front of firing squad. In the end all soldiers are the same. Questions of right and wrong are completely overruled by the desire to survive. This is what it means to go to war. Not that you shouldn’t go to war, but before you do the human cost must be considered above any and all other things.
@@panzerlieb The Nazi Eastern Front was one atrocity after another. Millions of civilians killed, nothing like what most people think of as soldiering. But they were taught a very harsh lesson in 'what it means to go to war' by the Red Army.
The thing that needed to be prevented was the horrors of communism that brave German men were fighting for on behalf of Europe. Not to be made scapegoats of later on by cheap rate propaganda pieces like this awful film. You should be ashamed of your self for your self hatred
@@Youssef06_ “war is stupid” is an overly simplistic and childish way of looking at conflict. It’s why wars will continue because you people don’t understand WHY wars happen. You just say “war is stupid” and act like you said something profound.
@@Justin-pe9clYou both telling the truth. It's all about perspective. In order to progress a war is inevitable. But you also can progress using diplomacy
Don't think you wouldn't act in a similar way given those circumstances! In every man is the desire for both good and evil, which can be terribly unleashed in war and crisis for seemingly "rational" reasons...
Due to RUclips’s update it’s now barely visible. In my new videos I placed the captions higher. Unfortunately it’s too late for the older videos. I hope you understand.
Some do not understand that a great many of their own were treated no better than those they fought against, entire towns & villages were held for ransom to force young men to fight a war they didn't want, look it up, if they refused to fight, their families were murdered, that's why so many let themselves be taken, prisoner.
I wasn’t aware of the fact that the viewer sees this as well. That’s very disturbing indeed. This is a new thing, which wasn’t a thing in the past. Thank you for letting me know. Now I can move the text up so it no longer covers the translation.
They only did this after they had actually fought on German soil, until then they were just destructive conquerors. Yes, there were some decent normal guys among them, but the war consumed them either physically or mentally.
A good example is the current Ukrainian war. Many conscripted Russians are not psychopaths but as they become part of the machine they become nothing more than a functioning chain link in a destructive machine. The worse is how many of them become entrenched in the relations and it becomes normal for them to destroy. Every war causes a huge moral degradation in the souls of those fighting on the front lines. The few who resist can expect nothing good.
@pyotrbagration2438 you misunderstand my comment. Go watch the world at War series... then come back... And PS, I'm NOT German, so don't judge me on the name, I have several emails... for various reasons... lol, I'm more english than you probably... 🤣
Nö der verbreitet einfach nur weiter lügen damit man sich einreden kann Opa wäre ja kein Nazi gewesen. Es gibt keinen einzigen Fall wo bekannt wäre, dass du als Soldat bestraft wurdest wenn du dich geweigert hast an Erschießungen teilzunehmen
@@saadetstump8449 Es gab bei der SS keine Gefangene. Sie waren nach der Gefangennahme sofort zu erschiessen. Die Drecksarbeit mussten dann oft Wehrmachtssoldaten erledigen. Eigentlich unvorstellbar. So wars halt damals. Den Feind galt es zu vernichten, um Deutschen Boden im Osten zu schaffen. Wer weiss, wie ich in dieser aussichtslosen Lage gehandelt hätte.... Man tat was befohlen wurde, sonst konnte man sich gleich dazustellen. Es soll keine rechtfertigung für solche Taten sein, aber seit mal ehrlich, wie hättet ihr euch entschieden?
Ich erinnere mich noch daran wie ich damals mit Begeisterung das Spiel Panzergeneral auf der PS 1 gezockt hatte. Dann sah ich diesen Film. Gleich danach nahm ich das Spiel heraus, packte es in die Hülle, zog einen Schrank hervor, legte es dahinter und rührte es nicht mehr an.
I ordered this from the Belle & Blade ArmChair Commander section, along with The Winter War (Finnish, has some of the best mass charge footage created) and Die Brucke (The Bridge, which is a true story about Hitleryouth who hold off an American division for a day. It was actually the first German film produced about the war after the war, in 1954(?))
showing clips untitled with a movie to get comments " what film is this ?" should be banned, along side AI narrated videos its so annoying. btw what film is this lol
German army would often spare normal soldiers from executing others - since they did it somewhat frequently - and the result was often weak soldiers. Better to get some dedicated persons to do it - or local milia that doesn’t have options.
There will always be those who try to excuse barbarity, callousness, and apathy for some “cause” or “movement”. We as humans have seen it throughout our existence. Even now there are those in power (and those that crave it) that would use people’s worries, ignorance, and pain as a weapon to remove those they perceive as a threat to their ascendence. Instead of doing such deeds themselves they want others to, of course, so as to bind them soul and body to their will. The decent people of this country and world must stand for decency, justice, empathy, freedom and not fall for the old evils masked under a new coat of shiny paint. We must unite, and to those that would have us at each others’ throats to further their agendas, we must tell them…. Never Again.
I agree in spirit and maybe I've just been apathetic lately but before man there was war, it was merely waiting for us to arrive. And sometimes war is necessary right? To overthrow a tyrannical regeme and prevent losing the revolution to a civil war? Or to end outdated institutions such as monarchy, slavery or colonialism. We are raised to believe violence is wrong and although I'm a empathetic person and enjoy the security and freedoms of living in a civilised society with law and order, I can't help but be irritated by the hypocrisy of condemning violence when George Washington, William Wallace, John Brown, Guy Fawkes and Toussaint Louverture are still praised as heroes and freedom fighters despite being branded as terrorists during their day.
History will repeat itself if we don't learn our forefathers' mistakes. Politicians should be made to watch films like this. Let their children be the first conscripted to the frontline if they want ww3. It might make them a bit more reluctant to the death and destruction
All war is an exercise in brutality, but the brutality on the Eastern Front between the Germans and Russians was unmatched by any except perhaps occasionally the fighting between the Japanese and Americans.
As evil as this may be it’s not nearly as evil as putting up a movie clip, but have descriptions and windows blocking nearly half the scene and especially the subtitles !
![Blox Fruits Dragon Rework Update [Full Stream]](http://i.ytimg.com/vi/EqDAp8udhm0/mqdefault.jpg)
This movie is called Stalingrad, and it is available in its entirety on RUclips for free.
Why is it available for free?
@ because someone uploaded it
People forget it was the Soviets who won WW2 facing 70% of the German army. Plus they were the ones who conquered Berlin not the Western countries
I noticed that history class tends to leave things out to mould the views of the youth to how they want them to perceive history. I once listened to a European “historian” who not once mentioned the Soviet Union in beating Germany. Saying that it was all them that won the war.
Because if people knew the actual truth, they would perceive Russia today differently. And they dont want that.
@@Truthorfib the fact that Russia won the race to Berlin is common knowledge in the West.
Stalingrad and Das Boot are the best German WW2 movies.
The Boy in the Striped Pyjamas, The The Persian lessons, and The Pianist were also good.
Das Boot is THE BEST sub movie for realism. As a navy nuke, I had the opportunity to ask every sub skipper I knew about Das Boot.
The. Best. Ever.
Every single one of them.
And Downfall
Der Untergang is the best
Downfall was also brilliant.
Kettenhunde und solche Offiziere sind
gelegentlich ins eigene Feuer gelaufen.
Zu dumm aber auch! Kommt von der großen Beliebtheit.
Оооо немцы! Можно задать вам вопросы?
@@TOP_G_TATE_777Hast du doch gerade.
@@TOP_G_TATE_777was gibt's Chef?
@@TOP_G_TATE_777Ja/Yes :-)
True story, child killing screwed up my grandpa something furious. He died 4 years before I was even born. He drank himself to death basically. He basically faught against Hitler youth in the final days of world war 2. It really messed him up.
Poor man. Rest in peace. Happened to many men on both side of the conflict.
he fought against innocent good people for the sake of world domination by the demonic bastards that call themselves jewish
Oooof
@@eddy_is_a_squidpotatoe471he fought for tranny story hour, he fought for childrens genital mutilation, he fought for the immigrant invasion and replacement, he fought for the spawns of satan
Yeah right, I know you’re lying because all real soldiers who served on the eastern front would never admit to these scandalous propaganda fairy tales
Nothing quite like the pure evil of certain individuals given power over others
Netenyahu & Co!
Yep, just imagine how many innocent children Bush killed with his bombing of Iraq
@michaeloflynn8548 - your post made me think of the present state of affairs in the US... quite scary.
@@teedeeiss i dont believe that our current politics reflect what happened in WW2 nazi germany. Things are bad, but they aren't horrible yet, there's still time for change.
@@darkflames273 "YET" Most respectful (rly, no snark) reminder: it never STARTs w/the worst. It starts w/the trivial. But once we r past that, it's too late to stop it. Our path is clear & undeniable.
Seriously, this is one of the best, gritty, ww2 movies ever made, in my opinion.
Seltsam, die "Kettenhunde" schauen frisch aus, nicht so verrupft wie die Wehrmachtssoldaten....
Kettenhunde? Spitzname für die damaligen Militärpolizei?
@@quelandil5738so ist es!
Bei heizkörpernaher Verwendung als MP sieht man eben so aus !
Lecker Ente gegessen und schön im warmen gesessen während man seine Seele und die deutsche und russische Jugend verheizt. Korrupten 🐖🐖
Vielleicht haben die einfach nd gekämpft
Such a sad and dark movie... 😔
Reality of war.
Reality???… biggest lie in world history lol
Wir haben den Film damals im Geschichtsunterricht gesehen. So ruhig war es selten in unserer Klasse... Ist jetzt über dreißig Jahre her aber ich kann mich noch sehr gut an die Stimmung danach erinnern.
I wish more people would remember what the world went through during that time. How horrible it was.
I agree. There are new comers trying to play as leaders nowadays but they don’t know they are only following one of the most despised parties in history. Nothing new to us. ❤❤❤😢😢😢
The fact you saw it in your history class is more evidence of anti German propaganda. This is a work of fiction, like the novel schindlers list
Faut être débile pour montrer des saloperies pareilles , j'aurais était le père des élèves, le prof aurait pris 2 tartes dans la gueule
It's a movie, not a history documentary.
einer der besten Antikriegsfilme überhaupt!!!!
gefolgt von: enemy at the gates!
wie heißt der Film?
@@Stefan-g2r steht auf dem cover
@@BA-1991 danke dir
Enemy at the gates ist Müll und davon abgesehen kein Anti-Kriegsfilm
@@tapio_x2170Kann ich so unterstützen.
Eines der besten Filme die ich gesehen habe
What nearly all wars wind up as: Children murdering children.
The Generation War, Stalingrad, The Downfall, and Das Boot are BEST GERMAN MOVIES EVER!
Epic film. Perfect actors.
Sowas muß man verhindern, egal, was es kostet! 😮🥺😢
How?
These men were soldiers. Soldiers follow orders (even wrong orders). If they don’t follow orders, they are the next to stand in front of firing squad. In the end all soldiers are the same. Questions of right and wrong are completely overruled by the desire to survive.
This is what it means to go to war. Not that you shouldn’t go to war, but before you do the human cost must be considered above any and all other things.
@@panzerlieb The Nazi Eastern Front was one atrocity after another. Millions of civilians killed, nothing like what most people think of as soldiering. But they were taught a very harsh lesson in 'what it means to go to war' by the Red Army.
The thing that needed to be prevented was the horrors of communism that brave German men were fighting for on behalf of Europe. Not to be made scapegoats of later on by cheap rate propaganda pieces like this awful film. You should be ashamed of your self for your self hatred
Und dann wird in Deswegen die AfD gewählt deren die meisten Anhänger Neonz sind
This is the WW2 movie that best captures the war imo.
No, thats “come and see”..
@@srennielsen4545come and see was pretty brutal no doubt
War just sucks, man!
as it is here & it was 10x worse.. war is stupid. war is for egotistical leaders who never visit the frontlines
Then you don’t understand the real world. You aren’t as smart as you think you are.
@@Justin-pe9cl how do you think he's wrong?
@@Justin-pe9clwhat did he say that was wrong? 😂😂
@@Youssef06_ “war is stupid” is an overly simplistic and childish way of looking at conflict. It’s why wars will continue because you people don’t understand WHY wars happen. You just say “war is stupid” and act like you said something profound.
@@Justin-pe9clYou both telling the truth. It's all about perspective. In order to progress a war is inevitable. But you also can progress using diplomacy
One of my favorite movies of all time.
good overlooked movie
Bestie Mensch .😢
Bestie got das er diese erbärmliche menscheit erschuff.
Wohl eher Deutsche Bestien !
Don't think you wouldn't act in a similar way given those circumstances! In every man is the desire for both good and evil, which can be terribly unleashed in war and crisis for seemingly "rational" reasons...
It would be nice if we could see the captions.
Due to RUclips’s update it’s now barely visible. In my new videos I placed the captions higher. Unfortunately it’s too late for the older videos. I hope you understand.
THANK YOU!!! I wondered if I was the only one who had a problem with that!
Der Film heißt schlacht um stalingrad dieser Film ist sehr spannend aber auch grausarm
Of course its cruel its based on truth and history
@@jacobishii6121 Lol. Lmao even.
It’s not called “the battle of Stalingrad” it’s just simply “Stalingrad”
Endlich ist einer draufgekommen den Filmnamen ohne bla, bla aufzuschreiben.
@@leonwesker13 What works for the viewer is that we don't recognize the actors (non-celeb/non-Hollywood list)
Gute Bewegtbildproduktion
The best WWII movie, and I’ve seen them all…
One of the best war films ever. Its up on RUclips as well.
Name of this film?
Some do not understand that a great many of their own were treated no better than those they fought against, entire towns & villages were held for ransom to force young men to fight a war they didn't want, look it up, if they refused to fight, their families were murdered, that's why so many let themselves be taken, prisoner.
Velika tragedija hrabre Njemačke vojske.. Vječna im Slava ❤❤❤❤
The stupid Stalingrad tag covers the translation. Why do people do that?
I wasn’t aware of the fact that the viewer sees this as well. That’s very disturbing indeed. This is a new thing, which wasn’t a thing in the past. Thank you for letting me know. Now I can move the text up so it no longer covers the translation.
Excellent movie, well worth a watch.
Eastern front was a hell hole.
There’s not going to be any hard lessons left after all of that time w/ the cup 🤣
Ich lieb die Szene wo der General geshootet wurde
Not all Germans were SS. Many were just soldiers fighting for their country...😮
Yes, this is Heer
They only did this after they had actually fought on German soil, until then they were just destructive conquerors.
Yes, there were some decent normal guys among them, but the war consumed them either physically or mentally.
A good example is the current Ukrainian war. Many conscripted Russians are not psychopaths but as they become part of the machine they become nothing more than a functioning chain link in a destructive machine. The worse is how many of them become entrenched in the relations and it becomes normal for them to destroy. Every war causes a huge moral degradation in the souls of those fighting on the front lines. The few who resist can expect nothing good.
I see the clean Wehrmacht myth is still alive.
@pyotrbagration2438 you misunderstand my comment. Go watch the world at War series... then come back... And PS, I'm NOT German, so don't judge me on the name, I have several emails... for various reasons... lol, I'm more english than you probably... 🤣
Pesan moral film ini : tidak semua tentara nazi jahat
Der Hauptmann hat einen Oskar verdient 👍
Onore gloria a dei ragazzi mandati a morire 1941 1942 .miuler Stalingrado amen
Nie wieder !!!!!🙏
No ventilation hole on that helmet worn by the MP. Interesting.
No split pins for the liner system either
@UnderpaidKraken post-war Police?
Maybe modern props, and expected only a few who would notice the details
@@AlanWilbar That’s what I was thinking aswel. It looks like a m53 Stahlhelm from the West German Bereitschaftspolizei. Very interesting indeed!
🤓🤓🤓
Der Film ist richtig gut.
Nö der verbreitet einfach nur weiter lügen damit man sich einreden kann Opa wäre ja kein Nazi gewesen. Es gibt keinen einzigen Fall wo bekannt wäre, dass du als Soldat bestraft wurdest wenn du dich geweigert hast an Erschießungen teilzunehmen
Ja, und deshalb werde ich es mir noch einmal ansehen.
Und wieder stehen wir genau da, gefangen in der Wiederholung
Deutsche Truppen stehen in Wolgograd im Kampf? Dat wär mir neu.
The world is as dark and evil as it is because Germany lost
Da sind Kinder😢
@@saadetstump8449 Es gab bei der SS keine Gefangene. Sie waren nach der Gefangennahme sofort zu erschiessen. Die Drecksarbeit mussten dann oft Wehrmachtssoldaten erledigen. Eigentlich unvorstellbar. So wars halt damals. Den Feind galt es zu vernichten, um Deutschen Boden im Osten zu schaffen.
Wer weiss, wie ich in dieser aussichtslosen Lage gehandelt hätte.... Man tat was befohlen wurde, sonst konnte man sich gleich dazustellen. Es soll keine rechtfertigung für solche Taten sein, aber seit mal ehrlich, wie hättet ihr euch entschieden?
On par with Private Ryan in my books....we must tell all the stories to gain some understanding,even if the truth is unpalatable
Ich erinnere mich noch daran wie ich damals mit Begeisterung das Spiel Panzergeneral auf der PS 1 gezockt hatte. Dann sah ich diesen Film. Gleich danach nahm ich das Spiel heraus, packte es in die Hülle, zog einen Schrank hervor, legte es dahinter und rührte es nicht mehr an.
Unfortunately the writing at the bottom of the screen kept me from being able to read the subtitles!!! Can someone tell me what happened??
It would be nice to read the sub titles without other words blocking them 🙄
Film Name
Stalingrad (1993)
Film name. Learn to put a question mark
@@archmagosdominusbelisarius8836 hahaha wie witzig
It's in the title. 😅
Das heute passiert wieder in Gaza Palestine
I wonder how many officers were shot by their own men
Willy McBride it all happened again, and again and again, and again…
Great movie
I ordered this from the Belle & Blade ArmChair Commander section, along with The Winter War (Finnish, has some of the best mass charge footage created) and Die Brucke (The Bridge, which is a true story about Hitleryouth who hold off an American division for a day. It was actually the first German film produced about the war after the war, in 1954(?))
We defeated the wrong enemy - George Patton 1945
The only smart comment ive seen on here…
Die Kommentare sind echt extrem respektlos
Und deiner ganz an erster Stelle.
@@TerpSauceyoh ein witzbold
Stimmt. Hitler hätte eher die Moslems in Betracht ziehen sollen.
@@TerpSauceyGeh wieder in dein Kinderzimmer und spiel GTA, du kleiner Bubb. Vergiss den Müll für die Mami nicht raus zu schmeißen.
Disrespectful to the brave German soldiers who have been betrayed by posterity
Very good film
If you shoot the commander making the orders do the orders change?
German ww2 movies and Ww2 color movies made after ww2 in the former Soviet Union seem to be very interesting to watch at home.
showing clips untitled with a movie to get comments " what film is this ?" should be banned, along side AI narrated videos its so annoying. btw what film is this lol
it says right in the bottom description, the film is "Stalingrad"
It says in the video title "Stalingrad"
You should be banned for not knowing how to read a caption 😂
Hey, moron, it says clearly at bottom left corner of ALL these video shorts.🤦🏻♂️
Is this movie better than Enemy At The Gates?
I always thought that MP officer looked like Alec Guinness
Hell on Earth that battle.
Some things never change.
My favourite ww2 film its really one of a kind
Das waren die Helden,die den Krieg überlebt haben..
Way to go with the banners blocking the subtitles.
Yeah, an update that ruined everything.
Amazing movie
Field military police, feldgendarmerie, could and often were as bad as the SS. Mainly used to be on the lookout for defeatists and deserters.
Were Soldiers, not murderers.
Movie's name???
Stalingrad 1993
Intense harassing by guerrilla forces and alot of disruption like a sabotage enough to make any military upset to the defending forces
Le capitaine est à étrangler...
J'en ai connu des comme ça...
Dommage que nous n'étions pas dans les bonnes conditions...
Es gibt nichts mehr zu fressen
My grandpa was with SS LÜFTEN WAFFËN.
Was diese Menschen durchmachen mussten😢.
A very good movie.
You can watch this dubbed in English great movie from 1993
German army would often spare normal soldiers from executing others - since they did it somewhat frequently - and the result was often weak soldiers. Better to get some dedicated persons to do it - or local milia that doesn’t have options.
Как называется филм
Stalingrad
from 1993 by Vilsmaier
This movie pretends that Nazi soldiers were punished for not wanting to commit war crimes. That didn't happen.
Is it possible to make the video info disappear so > can see what theyre saying?
Those Germans talking about the boy look jewish.
Everybody: "I wish I could actually see what they were saying..."
RUclips needs to fix their format 😒
Very heart breaking...
There will always be those who try to excuse barbarity, callousness, and apathy for some “cause” or “movement”. We as humans have seen it throughout our existence. Even now there are those in power (and those that crave it) that would use people’s worries, ignorance, and pain as a weapon to remove those they perceive as a threat to their ascendence. Instead of doing such deeds themselves they want others to, of course, so as to bind them soul and body to their will. The decent people of this country and world must stand for decency, justice, empathy, freedom and not fall for the old evils masked under a new coat of shiny paint. We must unite, and to those that would have us at each others’ throats to further their agendas, we must tell them…. Never Again.
I agree in spirit and maybe I've just been apathetic lately but before man there was war, it was merely waiting for us to arrive. And sometimes war is necessary right? To overthrow a tyrannical regeme and prevent losing the revolution to a civil war? Or to end outdated institutions such as monarchy, slavery or colonialism. We are raised to believe violence is wrong and although I'm a empathetic person and enjoy the security and freedoms of living in a civilised society with law and order, I can't help but be irritated by the hypocrisy of condemning violence when George Washington, William Wallace, John Brown, Guy Fawkes and Toussaint Louverture are still praised as heroes and freedom fighters despite being branded as terrorists during their day.
History will repeat itself if we don't learn our forefathers' mistakes. Politicians should be made to watch films like this. Let their children be the first conscripted to the frontline if they want ww3. It might make them a bit more reluctant to the death and destruction
All war is an exercise in brutality, but the brutality on the Eastern Front between the Germans and Russians was unmatched by any except perhaps occasionally the fighting between the Japanese and Americans.
And Chinese as well
Mein Vatervhat Stalingrad überlebt. Er ist mit einem Rückenschuss davongekommen.
Can’t read any of the subtitles. Covered up by all the junk on the screen.
Thanks for the English translation but it was partially blocked by the title...worthless...
This definitely going on the pyrolive channel somehow and it’s gonna be 6hrs
The huns on down have the best regalia
Grandfather refused to burn a russian house in Russia and almost got shot for it....
What movie is this? I can’t find the title.
Never mind found it
Cam you tell, please?
This movie and Come and See are the two best anti war films ever made.
'Comeband see' accuses the NatSoc's of what the soviets actually did. Historical revisionism.
Es wäre doch so einfach. Niemand gehorcht den Befehlen der Offiziere. Was wollen sie dagegen tun?
Isn’t that the same dude from inglorious
As evil as this may be it’s not nearly as evil as putting up a movie clip, but have descriptions and windows blocking nearly half the scene and especially the subtitles !
Germans.....80 yrs later, we still allied to these folks....
I love the giant ass hashtag blocking the captions. Thanks RUclips
Can't read a dam word with the subscribe button blocking everything!!
You've covered the subtitles again! How do I stop you sending links which I can't understand or read?