How did taxes work in medieval India? Chola, Mughal subjects struggled like today’s middle-class
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- Опубликовано: 8 сен 2024
- The problem of limited state capacity and public services, inordinate taxation of the middle classes, and tax avoidance by the super-rich is not exactly new in India. Perhaps the most famous premodern South Indian state-the Chola empire-struggled with exactly the same issues. Anirudh Kanisetti explains.
Sources:
Karashima, Noboru. Ancient to Medieval: South Indian Society in Transition. Oxford Collected Essays. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2009.
Kumar, Dharma, and Irfan Habib, eds. The Cambridge economic history of India. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2005.
Veluthat, Kesavan. The Political Structure of Early Medieval South India. 2nd ed. New Delhi: Orient Blackswan, 2012.
Tirumalai, R. Land Grants and Agrarian Reactions in Cōḷa and Pāṇḍya Times. Madras University Archaeological Series 6. University of Madras Press, 1987.
Subbarayalu, Y. South India Under the Cholas. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2012---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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What he forgot to tell is all people paid tax at same rate at what they earned. They did not pay any other tax after earnings unless there is a war, which attracted a 10-20% war tax.
In old days
20 % defence budget
10 % for King's family spendings.
10 % for King's concubines.
10 % for Brahmans who supports kings.
I dunno where you pulled these stats from but it doesn’t sound accurate.
@@sindhujaveeraragavan2577 This is from Whatsapp Univ...🤣🤣🤣
According to andhnamazis jaziya was less tax and good and protection for non Mulsims.
OMG, Comments are going to be crazy
Can you please make a longer version on this subject with almost an hour discussions on various periods of the history
i thought i had heard this voice before .. turns out its A from the IVM podcasts on ancient indian military history which in my opinion is one of the best podcasts to come from here ..keep it goin mate !!
Superb. Love your videos.
Well "History Repeating Itself" is big statement to make. We dont have landed aristocracies these days to collect Income Tax. To be honest tax collected right now is exhorbitant, translating to nothing. Why dont the govt just ban IT and impose other forms of indirect taxes...
North Indian and Dravidian (Telugu) people are writing history of Tamil people. This will not be history for Tamil People.
Love ur videos
#ThePrint 🏆
Mughals with Rajput manpower.. uh oh bhakt ab kya bologe 😂
What more can be expected from Irrfan Habib? He is a well-documented Distorian[ a Historian who distorts history for personal biases, dogmas]. By the way read some of his books, he has not written anything glorious[nor accurate] about Sikh rule also.
@@NeelanjanBandyopadhyay whataboutery?!.. what can be expected of you..
yes Dogra and Sikh and we know how that went..
see for me, democracy stands above all..
@@singharkirat have you read about Bappa Rawal, Rana Kheta, Rana Sangha , Lalit Aditya and other Rajputs who forced invaders out of Indian subcontinent for 300-400 years before rule of early Mughals. But ya you will not read about these as it is against your agenda or your fav historians' agenda.
@@abc213-pf8sj oh but you accept the other Rajput as traitors then.. that's it.. bro .. history historians is irrelevant... hindutva is blinding you.. be objective
@@singharkirat Do then recognise the fact that Max Arthur Macauliffe made open false interpretations of Guru-bani[Guru Granth Sahib] to recruit and make Sikhs a seperate Class to recruit and make them more loyal to their British rulers??
Occasional schools and clinics in elite Brahmin settlements???🤣🤣🤣
They were ingenious enough to construct a dam across a big river to irrigate the fields; and that's all they found? So in this case all the indentured labor in the farms were only Brahmins? 🤣
Education was stratified. Not all castes received education. You should know that. Labour classes only learnt from their own family about their trade. No instructions of the vedas etc.
@CosmicValkyrie if you don't our tamil history just keep silent. Cholas constructed hospitals in temples itself or in streets called as "adhurai salais" . We tamils know about it. These hospitals were used by not only hindus but also jains and Buddhists. Are Jains & Buddhists brahmins? during medival chola times caste system was not intense as it was followed by the bhakti movement of alwars and nayanmars belonging to all castes. It is in the late 15th century nayaka kings popularized the caste system.
@@josejoseph8725 I wasn't talking about Tamils exclusively. Hindus in general. And you should know Hinduism isn't a strictly organized religion. There are differences which you have pointed out. But you will admit that I'm not wrong in my statement for the whole subcontinent.
Yet recently, there are Tamil brahmins who consider their souls to be purer than others. I'm talking about prominent educated people. You can search and find the names. So it's not all good in tamil Nadu.
@CosmicValkyrie I am saying about medival tamil chola period not today or about brahmins!!! One more example is during this period only ramanuja climbed up thirukoshtiyur temple and taught some vedas related things to all as it was limited to brahmins only before. Many major reforms took place in the times of tamil cholas & pandyas. But all changed during vijayanagar and nayakas after 16th century, where caste system became intense.
@@josejoseph8725 so you agree to my point which I was making. It was stratified. Of course there were reforms and regressions. But it was common for the people in power(upper caste) to withhold knowledge from the lower caste. Unfortunate and harmful to India and Indians but true.
Stop dividing Hindus by separating bhraman from rest. U don't know truth, u only know what u have been told!
So British were no different from earlier rulers hence the they should not be treated differently
"0:55 Occasionally constructed primarily in elite brahmin settlements" Lol look at the words!!! Cholas constructed clinics in temples itself or in the streets famously called as "adhurai saalais". Famous one is the one in thirumukkudal temple which had a hospital for mental illness, which is first of its kind in Asia itself. These hospitals provided services to all even for other religious people like jains & Buddhists. Cholas many times removed taxes too even . This guy brushed these things under the carpet . For this guy mughals are good and all tamil kings are bad.
When did he say Mughals were good compared to cholas? Either you didn't watch the video completely or your listening and comprehension skills are weak
Were people from all caste allowed inside temples or the clinics inside the temples? The answer is no, so what he said is correct
The thing is caste system was not discriminatory from the start of hinduism itself the earliest discrimination started in 500 CE in the northern part of india. It was due to gautama sutra chapter of manusmriti . The gautama sutra is NOT AN OFFICIAL CHAPTER of manusmriti . It came way after the manusmriti . Gautama sutra is the only chaptee that was discriminatory it contains verse like a shudra should never learn sanskrit or there would be severe punishments like making them deaf and blind if they saw it. Since the manusmriti was transmitted orally
The discrimination gradually spread through out india . The discrimination wasn't much prevalent in south india before mughals . the clinics were located near temples and brahmins are also located near temple not because of brahmins and yeah people from all cates were allowed inside the temple before 13th century CE . There are records for people from all caste coming to the temples
Mediaeval taxation still continues in India led by pm. It’s currently worst than Aurangzeb’s times. And BS pm talks about Amrit kal.
And bhakts cry too much democracy ...😂
They want monarchy of RSS as it supports upper most rich.
@@ansh_u_rRSS draws it's cadres from the poor and middle class. They have Swadeshi approach to economy and even oppose privatisation. Learn something before you randomly blame RSS. For monarchy, look at our chief opposition party, which has a hereditary president, who wanted to be PM straight away, 10 years ago. BJP made him work hard to achieve the LoP post.
@@rajx7120whom you are fooling...most of the financial supporters of RSS are rich businessmen...all big members of RSS kids are abroad..and lower class poor Hindus are just mortar for them..
@@ansh_u_r jiski degree ka pata nahi wo 'employment pe charcha' ki baat karta hai?😂
PS : guess the name
@@ansh_u_r Foreign education is there among kids of Congress and Left also. So, what are you trying to say?
Atleast, BJP allows grassroots workers to rise upto President level, and even become PM. Eg: Shivraj Singh. Whereas, Congress has same Gandhi family, and same old Gehlots and Kamal Naths ruling the roost.