Should you learn C++?? | Prime Reacts
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- Опубликовано: 19 авг 2023
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Personally on my resume I'd change "Built a JavaScript trading bot that lost me thousands of dollars" to "Made JavaScript trading bot that made a hedge fund thousands of dollars." Boom. Prime is now the CTO of Blackrock.
If your strategy loses you money, flip short and call. Right?
Could also be:
"Made JS program to be charitable to other people".
the key is with C++ you really dont go learning everything in the standards you learn the basics and stick with a subset of C++ and keep learning as you go
Too slippery. Most rookie developers won't know where to quit and look for greener pastures.
The benefit of learning C++ is the control you have that you don't get in other languages. That's all contained in the C subset of the language. Most of C++s additions to C are inferior versions of other languages features packaged to be convenient for those who want to retain the C level control. I don't find C++ productive as a transitionary language to teach you machine knowledge because C++ might fool you that an iterator concept in one of these higher level languages are as efficient as explicit indexed for loop. Because they _sometimes_ are in C++.
Imo your advice is good for people who need to know C++ imo. It's contrary to prominent Cppcon presenter Kate Gregory, who suggests you don't start from the basics. The argument being that most of C++ has redundant features and the most modern stuff is the best stuff. So instead of indexed for loops, iterators or even ranges. You start with views. That's what I understood from her.
I think you lose as much as you gain. Maybe the developer can write good C++ after that. But they will not understand the machine as clearly as someone that's sent concentrated time in asm or C (or a C like subset of C++).
Alternative is also learning C and slowly switching to C++ and its more advanced features.
@@Antagon666 IMO, learning string management in C is a bad start if you want to transfer over to C++. I really hate manual memory management for strings.
@@sledgex9 Almost never have I had to do dynamic strings in C. Most of the times I just used char buffer on stack.
@@sledgex9 c strings just aren't really a thing in c++. always a pain in the ass when you have have to mess with c code that uses it though
Learning C to understand how manual memory management is working and what problems can occur is a very good foundation.
C++ pretty much teaches all those stuff as well.
C isn't C++ though, and while C++ can use all of C's features, it is considered out of date and bad practice, like when using raw pointers instead of references or smart pointers.
@@SkyyySi true, but if someone is starting off in the language, most people would follow a tutorial, most tutorials if not all teach raw pointers and C stuff a lot, then when they move in the tutorial they teach about smart pointers and vectors
personally, i learned it as my first language at uni, the things i learned were actually C things and that made me think of C++ "oh this language is empty, it doesn't have anything compared to other languages (that happened when i tried java and js), so let me make some things in it like ArrayLists, LinkedLists, Stacks, Queues, a proper Random class (i didn't know about std::random), etc...", and that actually made me a better programmer tbh
C++ gives me nightmares
I sat through 2 C related courses without even knowing what UB is until I learned Rust. The problem is you don't really learn these things in C, you just do whatever works.
2:35 c/c++ "so fast because of its low level abstractions, compiles to machine code." Well, thats technically true, but not 100% accurrate. It is not fast because of machine code, I could right now write slow machine code using assembly. Its fast because it compiles down to machine code AND has a compiler with DECADES of optimizations techniques under the hood. The optimizations are a LOT. You still can write slow machine code, just go write assembly by hand.
Assembly written by hand is usually faster than C or C++ compiled to assembly. At least if you know the assembly for your CPU well.
@@blubblurb99% of people can't write better assembly than the compiler though. There are literally decades of optimization knowledge that goes into modern compilers and I doubt most people about them.
@@blubblurbi doubt there are many people who are capable of knowing every extended x86 assembly commands
and when to use a certain command to be optimal
@@blubblurb No, it usually isn't. Compilers are usually smarter than humans (because a lot of really smart humans made the compilers)
@@colin398 Ok to be honest, the only thing I know is that in some projects they write assembly for some critical parts. ffmpeg comes to my mind. There must be a reason they do it and don't let the compiler do it.
I started professionally with C++ in 1992. Switched to Java in 98 doing full stack web dev, then php for a bit, then eventually JS through all the evolutions to node / React. and then Next. Now I'm doing C++ again on embedded audio devices talking to Next web clients via websockets / mqtt. Went full circle. Could not be happier. C++ 20 has some serious extra add-ons from where it started, and you don't need to use them. You can still manage all your own memory allocation if you really need. Love it.
Any advice on how to learn c++ for embedded audio for begginers? Some courses you recommend? youtube or Udemy?
@@siman211Follow a tutorial in C, take note of all the things you hate about C, learn the alternatives in C++
please do not fall into the trap of writing "clean" C++ it will give you a headache
@@siman211 If you're still interesting, I suggest PlatformIO as a good starting point for embedded generally. The Arduino IDE is barely a step above using Notepad++.
The HomeAssistant project can also point you to some ESP32 based voice assistants. Which do embedded audio.
Yo!!! Thanks for the reaction! I really enjoyed it.
According to a totally real interview with Bjarne Stroustrup that was never debunked by Bjarne himself, C++ was designed to be so complicated that if you were hired to write a project in that language you could become unreplaceable. This is another aspect of C++ which Rust clearly took inspiration from.
The final destiny of a C++ program is Java or JavaScript.
@@ea_naseer aren't those the same?
i reckon rust employee could be replaced by anyone else that knows rust. since rust follows a sort of methodology
in c++, anything and everything goes and everyone gets to have their own ways of doing things
@@hakadmedia Certainly not. Java and Javascript are very different languages. Despite their apparent similarity in using a C like syntax.
ROFL but true
Movie production: Unreal engine is not just a game engine but animation and CGI engine as well for movie production. It's quite competitive and used by the biggest movie makers like Disney.
Agreed.
There is Dreamworks too...
Plus most of the tooling e.g. Maya, Houdini, etc. is all C++, as are almost all of their plugins.
Yep, that's the whole reason I had to learn it, for my job in a post production house
Unreal uses its own dialect of C++. It gives you garbage collection and basic introspection.
C++ actually has tons of abstractions (templates, OOP, smart pointers, etc.), and IMO it could be called a multilevel language. You could feasibly write an entire C++ application without ever manually managing memory. It would be more accurate to say that the option is there if you want/need it, but you will not necessarily learn manual memory management by using C++.
C is way better for getting a lower level understanding of things.
Agreed, also for Data Structures and Algorithms is very good too, you write more but you learn the fundamentals in a very tangible way.
You will still need to do manual memory management even if you use smart pointers.
@@dancom6030 No?
In fact, if you write a good c++ program, assuming you're not interfacing with any C APIs, it is considered bad practice to do manual memory management... Instead, you should be using things like std::unique_pointer and std::shared_pointer and use actual proper ownership semantics...
The claim of “you learn memory management using C++” was true in C++98 / C++03. With C++11’s smart pointers, you’ll not get manual memory management through a code review anymore. They’ll say: “Use unique_ptr,” or shared_ptr if unique_ptr doesn’t cut it. And rightly so. It expresses intent and saves you from many silly mistakes. There’s a library for a kind-of-GC smart pointer that avoids the destructor hell that can bite you with unique_ptr and shared_ptr.
I want to learn C out of respect for all the amazingly talented programmers who wrote all the groundbreaking software we use today. Linux, SQLite, the SQL language itself, Python, Chrome, QT framework, to name a tiny number of them I've used the abstractions of in higher level languages. C/C++ is the foundation of the entire field.
One of C++ strongest features despite adding new things over time is the philosophy that the developers should not have to pay the price (in compile time, runtime resources etc) for any of them if they don't need it. With that said I can feel that C++ syntax over the years can feel a bit convoluted in places. But the control and flexibility of it has had me coming back for decades :)
Same here, I've spent 2 decades in trying to leave it but now finally could not resist anymore and just accepted it
C++ not follows it 100% I do not use printf but 'cause of its sync with cout the cout is 2 times slower
@@thegod3500disable it then, literally 1 line of code
I love C++. I'd say, it's strongest feature is it's backwards compatibility. Excluding a few things, it can be easy to keep using an old C program and add new features with C++. Which is how the language managed to get GCC. Unfortunately, that's it's largest weakness. So many programs using the old iterator for loops...
I haven't thought about the C++ space in a while, I've been using mostly other languages for the last 15 years. I started developing in C++ in the early days, when it was just a pre-processor for a C compiler... before the STL, and actually even before templates were a part of the language. Watching it evolve has been interesting.
It's good to know C++ is still in demand. The ARM is still one of my favorite computer-language textbooks.
C++ is a language that makes me feel weak and powerful at the same time. I can do anything in it, but I have to do everything for it! It's beautiful.
As a self taught software engineer, for me what helped actually in visualizing and understanding of memory, assembly, how computer operate at a binary level is not C, but actually writing VM's, can be any VM. I started with Chip-8 (its kinda like the hello world in emulation) and now im looking up to emulate Gambeboy, WASM... This has helped A TON in understanding how a computer works at a binary level. IMHO its a good exercise for everyone to really understand what happens at the 1's and 0's.
How did you render it, on web or SDL or something else.
i also made a Chip-8 emulator. it's a lot of fun. but i don't think that writing an emulator is a good way to learn a new programming language. as typically it involves all kinds of hacks and you can ignore most of the language and how it was "meant to be used". but it can certainly deepen the understanding of some language features and Assembly language
That's a good idea, should also do that some day.
@@soumen_pradhanit depends on the language you choose, I used rust, and used the SDL-Rust binding lib!
@@xybersurferYeah thats, true, that's usually the case if you also want to implement bugs that the hardware/software had, or weird quirks. My goal in writing this vm's is not getting a 100% accurrate 1-1 with the hardware, but rather the learning experience I get from them which is not learning a new language but more learn/visualize low level CS concepts!
Great video, I'll start learning c++ (probably with codeforces or aoc).
When the php video out tho.
Also, very good of you to leave the ad of the video to help the Dreams of Code!
I really think everyone should learn(ideally as their first language) C or C++, learning how to manage memory is a really important skill even if you're not the one mallocing and freeing stuff. I remember learning Java(my second language after an introduction to python) and doing a "new" object. I thought it was obvious I should delete that when I was done, so I spent an hour looking for a command to do so. After that hour, I discovered the horrors of garbage collection :(
no one should learn C or C++ as their FIRST language imo. You are underestimating how complicated it would feel to a beginner. (I have friends who are learning programming)
What they can do is to be *curious* about what the computer is doing while they're writing javascript or python. And peek at how C does it once in a while. After they learn how to do it in their GC language.
Like not because understanding C and memory management at basic level is insanely hard, it's not. It's just that beginners are not so good at researching and finding answers when they get stuck too. And they're already overwhelmed by tons of new concepts, no need to add more on top of it. You have your 'developer intuition' now so it feels like you would crush it if your memory was erased and you started learning C as your first language.
@@sitter2207 Well, it depends on how deep they want to go. If they just want to build simple webapps or automate daily tasks or just have fun with superficial things then sure, js or python are perfect for them. If they want to get into computer science, understand things in a deeper level, then I still think they should start with c/c++.
I don't underestimate how hard it is, but it is a little bit of struggle that will make the rest of your life easier. You don't even have to go too deep, just build some data structures, work with pointers and do some graph stuff.
@@sitter2207I'mma push back here. C++ as a first language? Yeah, not gonna go there. But C? C is simple, not complicated. C's rabbit holes only go so far. You hit bedrock pretty fast, so once you get to the point where you have to delve into the details you catch up quick.
Python, ruby, etc. look simple for the beginner because they enable you not to have a deep understanding of what's really happening. But once you need to transition into real understanding? Much harder, because that pool is so deep.
I learned C as my first serious exposure to programming. Wouldn't trade it for anything. Too useful and too enlightening.
@@sitter2207I disagree, I learned C as first language and it helped me to understand most of computer science concepts and letting me learn other languages easier. Let tell you that the main concepts you need to worry about in C is pointers and that it. Other C concepts are not that difficult to learn. You said beginners don’t know how to research for their problem on top of many concepts. Well, as I said, most C concepts are easy to learn and researching to solve the problems you have is exactly the skill you need to learn as a beginner. I actually believe C is a good first language because it force you to solve all the problems you faced yourself instead of relying on the compiler like Rust or the garbage collector like Java.
@@imagudspellr1644 programming language features are hard to evaluate till you get your head around them. C++ is fast, but hardly the be all end all. Standard ML can be even faster; Fortran is easier to make fast for numeric code. Prolog trivializes a lot of problems with hard to diagram control flow; smalltalk makes python development look a little sluggish. Lisp and haskell give you nigh unparalleled bragging rights. One language to rule them all is how you get a single unreadable, unlearnable language. C++ is really a bit-twiddling language with a ton of extensions.
The problem with url based library management is it simply falls flat when you work in a secured environment unless there is something baked into the manager to handle offline usage. If you have mono repos like pypi or whatnot at least you can do a 1 time setup pointing to Artifactory or similar proxy service and get going. If you have 20 different URLs pointing to the public internet it's a nightmare.
0:33 FACTS - im a big rust enjoyer but when i first started using it i really didnt know anything about memory, nor did i understand why any of the safety features were in place (I thought it was so limited - how can i have a self referential object in java but not rust?). But after i took a course on C/systems development in university, it pretty much forced me to learn about the memory model and i learned so much about other programming languages.
Also C programming is kinda fun, in a sort of minimalist way. No more OO or polymorphism or GC or RAII; you gotta figure out how to solve your problem with a simple toolset.
There's a few languages that I've sort of skimmed the top of just to like, in a weird metaphorical way, gain a few extra wrinkles in my brain. Not in order to actually make something, but in order to learn something. C/C++ was one of those languages. It's one of the first languages I learned, after Python, after Java (Java is the language my school started with). I've learned so much from C++ that has helped me even in some of the code I've written in Python for research. It also helped me understand wtf was going on in Java in a way that hadn't really clicked before. For that, I appreciate the language, similarly to how I appreciate Haskell, J and APL for teaching me how to hate myself.
Me personally, I find c++ to be a lot easier to use because you are able to bootstrap code faster than with rust and refactor and iterate over it later
Make, CMake, Ninja, Meson
C++ can be nice. what people do with it can be horrible.
@sealsharp like what ?
@@sytnoff1 how much C++ have you written? how often do you have to work with other people's code?
@@gwentarinokripperinolkjdsf683 i am learning it , just doing snake game code practice stuff now
I don't regret learning c++, even though I probably won't ever use it. Because now I can understand how C&C++ libraries compile and work. This is a huge deal, since I couldn't wrap my head around how the compiler handles multiple libraries, headers, etc, and how cmake work. This cleared a lot of things, I mean A LOT. Since no one seems to know how all these systems work lol. If you know how c++ compiler work, then you know how to use different compilers, linker, etc, you will benefit from this even when you learn rust.
We may have gone through a similar (huge) C/C++ learning curve, but I'm sure we agree on the same thing - C++ is AWESOME!
Definitely. everybody wants to use their fancy IDEs and build systems and when it actually comes to fix it it'll probably end up being me.
also cmake sucks I can't believe people still tolerate it
@@Mallchad i got the impression that it was a must use so i used it for a while for my projects, that was until i tried to compile LLVM from source. I will never use CMake again.
@@somenameidk5278So did I.
I gave it a good honest attempt and learned it implimented it fully in 2 seperate projects but I can honestly say I hope I never have to use CMake again.
Coming from the overly pedantic Lua and C++ the idea of the language letting you silent fail on incorrect data types and missing braces is incredibly upsetting
Also it's supposed to let the user define how they want to build the project locally with variables but its so messy and makes it hard to introduce new variables and logic
@@Mallchad oh hey, also learned lua before c++! LLVM's CMake config is nuts. There is an absurd amount of variables, and some only become available after setting others first, then causing the config step to error, but it will still have generated additional files with more goddamn variables. It even generates ENTIRE SOURCE FILES from CMake scripts, so a file might #include a header that does not exist until you run the generate step. The whole mess took like 5-10 minutes to generate and an HOUR to compile. I wasn't even building every subproject! (at least, i don't think so) Why was building documentation even an option? Since when was English a compiled language?!?
Learning C++ is like military training even if you're not going to use it it'll make your life easier.
I write c++ since 2006 (wrote in c since 1999), and imo the evolution of c++ is very gradual. I can easily read it regardless of the time it was written in. I'd say it's definitely a pro that it keeps getting better and more ergonomic.
How would you recommend someone learn c++?
@@potatopower2144Learn at least C++17, use std::vector, std::unordered stuff and std::optional.
Check google style guide (part with exceptions is wrong, exceptions are good since 2015), and just dig through links
@@potatopower2144Buy a book
I just feel comfy with C++
Modern C++ is awesome. I love writing code in it. Building actual projects with C++ can be a huge pain in the ass though.
If it's something small, using g++ or writing simple Makefile should not be a problem. There are also compliers/IDE that do that for you without you needing to know anything about it. When you get to CMake... yeah, it's like language on it's own. But it's cool, customizable cross-platform build system. You can fall in love with it.
@@anonimowelwiatko4455 Yea, for small projects i know enough cmake to get by using vscode with the cmake extension. Ive been considering visual studio as a more industrial option but it looks kind of clunky and expensive. maybe worth it.
@anonimowelwiatko4455 the c++ build system kind of sucks. I don't see any reason why you couldn't configure your whole project compilation from within your code with standard and non-standard compiler directives, as opposed to writing a script for a buildsystem generator to make the project files that are used to instruct the compiler on what to do, just so some rando could use some niche IDE or compiler. I think there could be a standard way to achieve this that doesn't require bending over backwards and learning a new syntax every time you need to use a new buildsystem generator or figure out obscure interoperability issues with your toolchain.
then what did you use c++ for? low level code kinds thing?
@@briannoel7398 because systems differ, there is more than one C++ compiler and cross compliation give you tools to customize it?
To the finance and trading thing:
I once worked for a small trading company that did exactly that. Implementing all the auto trading algorithms, utilities and internal interfaces to the trading venues in C++ from scratch. The standards where really high and it was hella complicated.
Yea C++ is the only language that really makes sense for finance
Where does that system deployed? Is it on premise system?
Learn C no matter what, whenever you are comfortable enough with programming. Then learn C++ and you've kind of learned the history of what object oriented means by just by comparing the two languages.
Wrong. Object oriented programming has nothing to do with C and C++, first OOP languages were Simula and Smalltalk, preceding C and C++. Object oriented way of writing code was present even in the 1950s and 1960s in assembly.
@student9941 ...did I miss the part where OP claimed that C++ was the first OOP language? I am confused why you are arguing a point that no one made.
@@ForeverZer0average redditor. Not that it’s not valid
When I learned "C++" in university, it actually meant "C with iostream.h". We didn't learn anything about STL until the last week and smart pointer was not mentioned
It worked out pretty well when we learn reinterpret_cast alongside private attribute
C++ lacks an important aspect of OOP, namely message passing as alternative to function calls. Yes, many other OO languages lack it too, still it is important, it helps to understand how duck-typed polymorphism, decorations etc. work in languages like Python and Javascript, or how GUI work (GUI, being initially written in Smalltalk, makes message passing central).
There are three nice ways to understand the message passing: the most difficult is probably to write Windows GUI programs using pure WinAPI. It has lots of unnecessary complexity, like writing virtual functions in plain C, or worse, and leaves lots of frustration-induced "why did they do that". A little bit easier is to really grok Qt, read source files of QObject and related stuff many times, and fully understand how its moc works. Of course, signal-slot system is not exactly the same as message passing, but in many ways it is very close. And the most straightforward way is to learn Objective C and write something for MacOS, iOS, or GNUstep -- it helps in understanding how elegant and effortless GUI programming is when the language is the native language of that GUI, and on the other side it allows programmers to go low level.
re trading platforms... I wouldn't say that everything is done on FPGAs. Often it is routing, parsing, basic validation, etc. The main business logic is often running on a low core, high frequency system running C++ or specially written Java app. Jane Street is the odd man out.
Yes, it's used in movie production because a lot of the rendering / tools pipelines are similar to Games. The main difference is that the renderers are usually not real-time (although that's changing now-a-days with Unreal coming into use). But building distributed rendering farms needs a lot of power, performance and stability - so they go with C++. If you think about the tech like Massive (used at Weta), or the renderer Pixar uses etc - these are all C++ applications.
learning by doing gamedev on c++ myself. Supporting this.
Piq I love your editing quips keep ‘em coming
I love it when a good editor inserts their own flavor into a video. Doesn't have to be every video, but it's nice to have some extra flavor.
Great channel to find actual videos I would watch
Last project I worked on, we got stuck because the version of Debian we were stuck with only supported cmake 3.18 but the codebase's make file required 3.20 so we had to build cmake from source using ... a slightly older version of cmake
> wrote a tradebot in javascript
> made negative profit
sounds legit
Hi I'm new at javascript, what is a "rawdogged object" ?
@ThePrimeTime Was the QA lead for FID$ yes they do use C 03 for their trading backend. Blackrock does have ASIC not FPGA But most investing firms use the same C codebase they built in the late 90's to replace thier old mainframes.
C++ is also the go to language for high performance computing, since it is the only viable option if you don't want to use Fortran or C
It's not totally true anymore that are some really great candidates now. Raw CUDA, Go, Rust, C is still valid. that's just the language I'm vaguely aware of
@@Mallchad sry, I meant if you do distributed memory parallelization using MPI. For that, C++ is kind of the standard, at least in my domain
Im working as sw engineer in the medTec field - Nearly all medical softwares which have to fullfill certain performance metrics are written in C++
Were you able to configure obsidian.nvim?
Company I work at we develop high traffic shared systems on linux and I find myself turning to C quite often when a system/platform needs a performance (a lot of tcp/udp and stream processing) and/or security boost (yea, security). I don't see enough mid to senior level engineers leveraging and integrating properly with the linux OS to eek out more perf and security (security isn't just about smart pointers). PID namespacing, dynamic chroot'ing, tmpfs , overlay mounting, process forking (proxying), forwarding and process state management.... Linux os and its posix features are powerful tools i suggest any mid to sr level to get more intimate with if they want to level up their system design chops and it's provided to you in a clean C interface (well most of it is clean after kernel 2.4)
yea i tried learning Python first years ago, and it fell through because a number of seemingly random obstacles from compiler issues to real life problems
i got into C++ a couple months ago, and it just clicked. im already writing my own programs and putting together a game engine.
i think if i had learned Python back then, it wouldve steered me down the wrong path and made it harder to learn more performant languages, so im grateful to whatever cosmic entity blocked my progress in Python.
Hey man, really appreciate the time and the wonderful content. I just had one question, 19:01 here you say something like raw SOMETHING objects as props... . I just wondered what is that SOMETHING that I can't understand in the video? I want to know what its called 🤔
I agree, to fully appreciate Rust one must know & use C/C++ or assembler ;)... i just saw presentation about C++ when they are fighthing with mixing of abstactions or abstraction layers and i realised that borrow-checker already keep eye on this in Rust and they slowly try to recreate it.
Also i saw presentation about compiler optimizations in Zig and seems they also trying to recreate part of it from scratch.
If you learnt assembler you start to appreciate C all the more.
borrow checking is literally a subset of c++ RAII, which has existed since forever, they're not 'slowly try to recreate it', it was always there for people to use
@@the_mastermage Lol 🤣 You're Right !
Also if you calculated manually bytes of machine code you will appreciate assembler. In '80 on small 8-bit MCUs it wasn't so obvious: very limited resources, not optimising compilers, pricy compilers etc.
@@AK-vx4dy Please don't use C/C++ as those are 2 different languages. But I agree otherwise.
@@blubblurb Right and in this response I should write C. If some one start to learn C++ today (C++23) can make quite big applications almost without touching low level.
I think C++ biggest practical advantage is the language is based around complete basics. So whenever you want to make something really complicated, you can break it down into basics and write the code easily. If you use language such as C# for it, you have to know a lot of details behind the curtain. I actually find it easier to manage my own memory, then discovering how Garbage collector works and when its called, especially of you write performance critical applications. But the building tools and libraries are pain in the ass though.
At college I made the mistake of taking C++ before C. But that was the difference between CIS versus CS in the mid- to late-90's on campus, before even Java took off. I've been waiting for something like Rust and Zig, but if the vast majority of jobs out there are web dev, then why? It's not dead yet. What scares me is there are beginners using Python as a first language. Sorry, but it may be easy and natural, but it's so non-performant without Cython and all kinds of crazy shit logic. C++ still wouldn't hurt a young student. It's on our OS still. C/C++ devs do have that valid argument about Rust and object lifetime, and the inherent tradeoffs. I personally might choose Java over C++ if I started over, but I would still have to take C. Web dev is more like.. fml. And people start out like that, taking system security for granted, never knowing the ins and outs. C++ is like learning your OS before you develop on it, still relevant.
I was given a programming project as part of an interview opportunity at a gaming company. Basically, I was tasked with editing a game to add certain features in python. Then, editing a separate version of the game written in C++. The python part was easy. I couldn't even get the C++ project to open in VSC. I have abandoned C++ since then.
11:50 That's really not the case.
Until a few years ago, MSVC (Microsoft's compiler) was lagging behind considerably, but not these days anymore.
Well, except if you use one of the barely maintained compilers; I am talking about the important ones (GCC, Clang and MSVC) here.
Best of both worlds?: I'd say monogluteal implementations of every new feature. (Remember Dijkstra's discussion of PL/I? C++ has taken PL/I's place.)
Love how instead of skipping over the ad he minimizes his camera and gives the ad attention. That's the sign of a good guy, not just leeching of the content of others
The fact that major slice of langauges for game engines, OS, and embedded are C/C++ says it all
HFT here, language is very dependent on the problem. C++ historically has been used in a lot of apps, but I’ve done trading apps in java and even python. I think using C++ is sort of due to a lot of people wanting to use it. That level of latency isn’t required in all markets. Equities is very different than FX for instance. Having said that, people do crazy shit when it comes to market data processing, which some just do assembly for directly.
I started programming about 2 years ago, have learned like 8 languages, and still find c++ as my favorite alonggside python. A friend of mine at google says all of the backend of youtube is in c++, so it's very useful. I hate rust's BS in stopping you from doing what you want. Cpp gives you the power to do everything you could possibly want, which is akin to freedom, which empowers you.
Rust does have ways of forcing you to do things "more" correctly. Yes in C++ you can move fast, but forget to/miss-handle error values and you'll crash or worse, undefined behavior. C++ is still a great language though, but Rust is trying to help you rather than giving you complete freedom, it's just a difference in approach.
CMake Package Manger uses git url for sourcing like go, the main issue here is that the library you are using should have reasonable quality cmake itself (which isn't a problem for commonly used libraries that I use).
Love how Prime has a bleep button on his desk. amazing 🤣
I went from Go and Python in my old job to C++ full time in my new job and I love it.
I have a question: would the new Mojo lang be avle to replace C++ since it has the speed on par with C++...
Re littlefinger:
"Chaos... is a ladder." Is one of the coolest lines in TV history
Learning any low-level systems programming language should be a requirement for every developer! Like you said, it helps a developer understand the basics of machine hardware and the hardware-software interface. Whether C, C++, Zig, or ADA, a systems language is valuable knowledge and goes well beyond the language. Whether you should become an expert in one of these language depends entirely on what type of development you wish to do. I would never hire an embedded systems developer who didn't know C and C++ very well. The reverse is not true however. I might hire a web developer who know only a systems programming language. I know someone who knows a systems programming language well will be able to pickup a web language.
Regarding git management tooling @15:50 - cmake (yes, that horrible thing again) has FetchContent feature to solve your external dependencies, including these in git repos.
Oh man, 14:55 spoke too hard for me. I just recently started getting back into c++ after doing some go and rust and man... I tried simply setting up Conan to build my project and my god was it -1
If C++ had a cargo like build environment/Package Management I think honestly it would be used a lot more
I like that Prime still uses the word "pessimized" after he learned it from Casey Muratori
Oooh! He shouted him out!
Casey Muratpr is a genius!
Great reaction from a great video!
I do also like that you can use git repos for crates in rust too
Really love your videos Bro.....
the first time i started programming the teacher didnt tell us anything and said just go, where i thought this isnt for me. (java snake game)
then i started my IT apprenticeship and started with C++. the key is to find projects that fit your difficulty. dont learn 5 things at once, or maybe try something else if your stuck.
these days chatgpt can also be used for learning not only generating code by asking how its done-then trying it. and after a while you try it again without gpt
I’ve tried assembly. That shit is crazy, that memory chunks where you can put only specific type of values, registers, duck that. It was really painful experience. Even tho this language is more than 20-50 years? It was hard to get a good documentation and tutorials.
I use C++ only as a better C but I use few of the huge features. My rule is to use only those feautures that you can trully understand how the compiler works.
A C compiler is not a huge task to learn how to create, any advanced CS student should be able to handle that. But C++ is likely a 100 man task and never ending.
I'm amazed that you brought up FPGAs which are usually programmed in Verilog/VHDL.
15:03 Wait, did he censor himself in real-time over doing it in post hahaha awesome 😂
V Timely! I just wrote my first little C++ program yesterday for an arduino unit (a 4 note "keyboard" with button switches and a single LED). It was like 50 lines and took up 3% of the unit's available memory
Hey Prime, I have a story similar to your's, with intense highs and lows. Learning programming and wed development, has been incredible for my life. Being a skater, car guy and generally active person. Can you recommend how to focus on embedded systems, kernel, back-end, etc?
*_Kick-ass Mustache!_*
I actually predicted the future and saw "Game of thrones" was unsustainable and bailed after the 2nd season. *_Dodging a bullet!_*
Replying strictly to get notifs on this.
great for audio programming too with low latency and fast runtime
I’ve lived in Python my whole career. I fancy myself good at it but I know I’m playing with abstractions on top of abstractions. I’ve written a bit of C++ back in college but never got past basic pointers. I’d like to have better fundamentals and so I want to dive back into it. What’s the best way?
The best application will be some really simple game. It has everything to require C++ strengths - objects/classes for entities in the game and dynamic memory allocations for the them.
In my opinion C/C++ still rocks because it is a) actually very simple (KISS by Denis Ritchie, remember? and b) gets you to the hardware without layers of abstraction and cross-platform VMs and c) there’s so much legacy code out there that finding a decent job won’t be an issue.
P.S.: yes, they use C++ in movies: the Renderman ray casting engine (that was used in many CG’s in 90’s and 00’s) was written in C++ and actually the book I used to read about C++ used OOP examples from this engine.
P.S.S.: Im doing some projects in Go right now, but mostly because of the hype. If there was no hype, I’d do C++.
C++ is "very simple"? are we talking about the same C++?
@@reinhold1616 Also the expression "C/C++"... as if they were similar languages. Even C is not simple, if you carefully read the standard and identify all the places mentioning UB. I'd rather write Rust code littered with "unsafe", than C code, where anything can blow up if you're not superhuman. And even the best C coders still produce buffer overflows and whatnot.
@@reinhold1616 I think he meant very simple if you don't want to learn all the fancy stuff at once.
With C++ every feature is optional, so you can start slow with just C, then C++ with STL like string, vector, map. And then try to learn more and more complicated stuff.
Most company have libraries that does what is missing in C++ standard (like multithreading, file system, network) or you can use boost.
And most people will not need advanced feature like metaprogramming, playing with atomic, etc ... at their first project or job.
And if you already know Rust for example, it is super easy to understand complex stuff like move vs copy, r-value vs l-value, stack vs heap, constness.
C++ just does explicitly what Rust does by default (because Rust was invented with the experience acquired by C++ dev)
@@reinhold1616 What is so difficult in C++? OOP?
@@bytefu Absence of GC is ultimate feeling of freedom. It’s like sex without a condom, if you will.
14:46 the cmake rant is great. I too was using makefile all the way
12:27 - If one tried to use Borland C++ for DOS, this one will see that C++ was indeed C with classes...
Several engineering tools (CADs) are written in C++ and it will be stay probably forever like that (well, forever for me means till I retire, got a bit more 30 years still). These are super interesting topics requiring domain knowledge in fields like mechanics or electronics. What's funny, companies doing such stuff quite often stay under the radar of several people (good for me).
i started with c#, didn't understand shit. couldn't realize what's going on. switched to c++ and loved how simple it was. idk why people say it's complicated. it's simple.
i think in memory. i can't code comfortably with other languages.
Just ask yourself... Python, PHP, Java, C# etc... What language were they _implemented_ with?
Yep. C++.
That's all you need to know.
As some of languages matured they were able to self-host (be implemented in their own language) but PHP and Python are both still C/C++ under the hood.
Roslyn compiler for c# is written entirely with c#.
And Java compiler was written with c and now is written entirely with Java now..
So rust was written entirely with ocaml and now was written with rust.
You can make any programming language with any programming if you know how compiler work..
You can use lexer, parser generator, the create ast, then create VM or translate to machine code..
What about C#? I started c# because a friend's brother in law is running his business on C# but haven't heard much about it yet, any advise?
Especially on windows only systems C# is still used ig. Im working in a big american MedTec company and some of our tablets, used by surgeons intraoperatively (connected to an C arm, doing image analysis on the fly etc) are actually using C#. However 90% of our sw is probably C++ because of performance
11:48 every major C++ compiler has 90+% c++ 20 support and are already implementing C++2b features (C++, 2b of course is supposedly C plus plus 23 but I don't know if C++ 23 was published.. ) also, you are 100% correct. It is a little bit hard to follow
The only features of C++ 17 that aren't implemented are the ones that would be nearly technically impossible to implement...
C++ is well-known for being highly efficient and having strong support for data structures, making it suitable for handling large amounts of data. It also supports multiple programming paradigms, like process-oriented, object-oriented, and generic programming. C++ is widely used in various fields such as high-performance computing, game development, real-time systems, embedded systems, desktop applications, server backends, and high-frequency trading systems in the financial industry. Moreover, the C++ standard keeps getting updated and evolving. For instance, since 2011 there have been several major version updates like C++11,C++14,C++17,C++20 etc., which have introduced numerous new features and improvements. While it may not be the top choice anymore,it still has its place in specific technology stacks and areas. Therefore,C++ remains a valuable programming language especially for applications that require high performance and low latency.
C is English of the programming world. C++ is what you speak after years of vaping shrooms and drinking tea with bath salts.
Wtf are you on?
Prime you said Bitcoin was written in Javascript? That got me thinking. The original Bitcoin software, which implements the bitcoin protocol, was written primarily in C++. Specifically, it uses a subset of C++ known as C++98 or C++03. Later, other languages were adopted for some specific parts, but the core Bitcoin protocol implementation and most of the codebase is written in C++.
The important C++ compilers have implemented most C++ 20 and many C++ 23 features. You can see the state in cppreference unter compiler support. (I can not set a link here.)
short answer: absolutely, but learning C and then C++ would be the best way to go.
Best reason why c++ is relevant is its compatibility with C and the Vulkan API which is amazing when it works.
11:15
What's wild is I'm still using an internet protocol that was invented 2 years before C++!
I use to hate on C++ but now I find learning all of its complexities really fun.
me too, now i like c++
I set my first goal to learn C++. I want to write a DLL on my own, reverse engineer games. I also feel like I can learn a lot of soft skills by trying to learn C++.
my first cs programming course my prof made us use vi. keep in mind this was my FIRST experience programming
I think everyone should learn C to understand the basics of low-level programming and memory management, but *not* C++. C++ has a ton of features and while you don't need to learn them, the fact that they're there is noise if you're trying to learn low-level programming.
Totally agree. C was my first language, didn't do anything professionally with it. But to this day the knowledge helps me even if I code in Javascript.
@@blubblurb This 100%. The best thing about learning C, even if you don't use it, is that it will make you a better programmer in higher-level languages. It provides better understanding into the cost of all the abstractions other languages offer that many take for granted,. It makes one become more conscious of what is really happening a few layers down., and adjust the coding style accordingly, resulting it more optimized code.
this video actually inspired me to open up an online c compiler and tinker around. Was playing around with int and char arrays, using malloc, free, sizeof. Made my own struct to mimic a higher level language array with a size int. Pretty neat stuff. Not sure where to go from here, maybe the old calculator programming project
I agree C should be learned first. Because C++ was created to extend C and simplify abstraction C developer did a lot manually.
But there are important concept that are better explained with C++ than C.
Like the dynamic polymorphism (virtual) and static polymorphism (variant).
Like the notion of compile time vs runtime.
Like difference between copy vs move, l-value vs r-value, RAII (how to bind the lifecycle of a ressource to the stack to be cleaned automatically after use).
These concepts are important whatever the language you use, because they are always there in different form.
Look at how horrible it is to manage lifecycle of ressources different from memory (like file or connection) in GC language like Python or Java. They have fixed memory but all others are still badly managed.
Some language are good to hide it temporarily but a good senior developer will always think about it in his mind.
I think learning a subset of c++ is better for overall programming experience where you stop just after classes, inheritance, polymorphism, and pointers. Don't do smart pointers or all that unless you're engineering in c++. The reason why I like it better for learning than C is because classes and OOP are a massive part of engineering. C++ allows you to learn classes when you're ready, but build plenty of things without them in a c like way
Should I learn go first and then learn C, to know more about heap vs stack and memory management. I wanna make a career in Go.
Yes Go and C have similar syntax and philosophy obviously Go has many more abstractions but is a lighter language like C where Rust is more comparable with C++. Learning Go also exposes you to pointers similar to C although memory management is more involved with C you really want to simplify your memory management and own it rather than relying on a garbage Collector then fearing it and trying to get around it when performance becomes an issue. And when that time comes C becomes your friend that you wish you had. It’s an exceptional language.
@@samhadi7972thanks, so I just begin with Go then learn C later ?
What people don't get with C++ type system with its template metaprogramming, is that it's similar to the Rust type system with macros that people actually like so much.
C++ tends to be a bit more verbose, because they're afraid to step on someone's toes and break something legacy that's never going to be updated to anything newer than C++ 11 anyways.
With constexpr/consteval in C++ 23+ you're seeing a lot of similarities with Zig, slowly moving away from the template stuff and more towards understandable code (though not knowing template metaprogramming is a skill issue)
Compile times are still ass though and makes me wish they make a breaking change for the sake of speeding up compile times for once. I can fix a few instances in my code that's out of date in the time I'm saving compiling in a single week.
I wanted to watch a Prime video on C++, I ended up hearing Game of Throne spoilers about littlefinger's demise 🤣
Most compilers are written in C/C++ or VMs (for example JVM). So, whatever you use, you use C generated code.
C is definitely more popular in the embedded systems area, however, C++ does just as well in that industry too
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I'd say learn C instead of C++, just to keep it simple but learn all the complexities you should know for other languages. However, you really should have a good grasp on OOP these days. I feel like OOP is looking more and more like a mistake as time goes on, but supporting legacy code will need deep OOP knowledge. People continue to use and love OOP, so it'll be around for a long time.
@@anon_y_mousse how do you make a member private in C?
The truth is that in hard real-time systems we don't use C/C++ but rather contract-based languages as Ada and SPARK (an Ada clone with specially tin avionics). Also the same is for Telcos where OCaml and Erlang is used.
14:55
WHY did my university just completely ignore the existence of CMake!? That's like 60% of my fucking job right now as a C++ developer.
2:44 I saw somewhere that cC++ actually had noticeably worse latency than C (but general performance is quite similar) not sure if it's accurate but just an interesting point to consider I guess.
This is not accurate, as you can basically write any C program in C++. If you choose to use non-zero-cost abstractions in your C++ code, then yea it can be slower.