What is the Smallest Possible .EXE?
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- Опубликовано: 28 сен 2024
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What is the smallest possible EXE that can be run on the Windows Operating System? What about the largest possible EXE? What even is an EXE file? On Windows, EXE files use the Portable Executable file format, which contains the program's code, data, and references to other libraries that can be loaded and run by the OS. It is often referred to as an "Image", the captured state of the program in a form ready to be run by the system.
After testing it was found that the smallest EXE on 64-bit Windows is 268 bytes. This is a system limitation and not a limit with the Portable Executable file format itself. The smallest EXE runnable by other versions of Windows are as follows:
Windows XP: 97 bytes
Windows 2000: 133 bytes
Windows Vista/7 (32-bit): 252 bytes
Windows 7/10/11 (64-bit): 268 bytes
The largest EXE possible is 1,996,488,704 bytes. Again, this size is a limitation with Windows.
GitHub project containing 268 byte EXE, world's smallest game, and world's smallest piano:
github.com/Ink...
About the PE file format:
PE file format: learn.microsof...
PE file diagram: github.com/cor...
Making Small EXE:
Original research into smallest possible EXE: archive.is/w01DO
World's Smallest Windows App (Dave's Garage): • C vs ASM: Making the W...
Tiny PE on Windows 10 (x64): github.com/aya...
More on the 268 byte limit: gist.github.co...
Refined MattKC snake: github.com/Eim...
Low Level Programming:
Kernel32 functions: www.geoffchapp...
Windows Virtual Terminal Sequences: learn.microsof...
MSVC Linker options: learn.microsof...
What is the largest EXE: superuser.com/...
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3:46
no
How does Brilliant afford to sponsor so many channels, who is paying all that for some information that is already publicly available? And why?
brilliant along with most other sponsors email them a script made to sound better than youtube and stuff which intrigues people
Shove that brilliant up your ass
"I’m not sure typing simulator would become a best seller on Steam."
You'd be surprised what's taking over Steam tops these days...
banana
banana
terracotta
banana click simulator?
@@mjdevlog yeah, it basically just exists to make money off the item trading system on steam
Great video! I never considered what the *largest* would be! Now I know :-)
Thanks for giving it a watch, it means a lot coming from you.
I was confused when I saw the video in my feed, thinking it would be basically the same as your video, but I love how this one explains everything visually! Kudos to you both
If I remember correctly, if you disable ASLR, you can simply jump to Win32 API function addresses. This will eliminate some strings in IMPORTS section of a PE file.
I haven't tried it myself.
2:55 - Who knew Plato was a Linux fan?
You brought me back in time to my computer science days, making games on console applications.
.
Those were the simplest of days.
.
Thank God I still have them.
.
.
0:26 sneaking in your mailing list is a genius move lol
I once saw a question on reddit asking why you can't make the same executable file for Linux and Windows.
The answer: see the first half of this video and then one about the ELF format to understand it.
*fun fact:* Registers: EDI, ESP, EBI and EFL could be used to power a RNG with some multiplications and/or additions. Some of them change to a pretty unique value only at start-up and then increment as the program is running, but others could be used to get multiple equally dispersed pseudo-random numbers.
Sometimes by losing a battle you find a new way to win the war.
Silence bot
EXE doesn't actually indicate a PE file.
It may contain an early MS-DOS MZ, an MS-DOS 4.0 New Executable or a modern Portable Executable.
and also the LE and LX from Windows VxD services and Microsoft OS/2 2.0
In practical terms, the smallest .exe file you can have is the cluster size the FAT uses on the storage device you're using. Assuming you saved your work that is.
...do you have a homemade smartwatch?
Why does making the most convoluted GUI in Windows assembly seem simpler and probably more reliable than the simplest installation tutorial for any C++ based GUI library I've seen.
正津津有味看视频的时候突然蹦出来一个汉字，给我整恍惚了
看起来老哥你是真喜欢简中，关注了，加油！
linking an extra dll just for a rng is costing a lot of space. Ok not really a lot but you can do better. It would be smaller to implement a LFSR rng using a seed value from whatever source you can get that you're already have access to. A Console handle is probably good enough to use as a seed for a LFSR. The Handle values are likely going to be unique every time you run the exe though not guaranteed, the chances you'd get repeated Handle values are extremely unlikely. Or you can just go straight to using a cpu random instruction but you lose compatibility with old cpus.
what is the smallest possible elf64?
(btw the result turns out to be 45 bytes)
it seems youtube deleted my reply so let's try it again...
even though it's about elf32, I'd highly recommend the famous essay "A Whirlwind Tutorial on Creating Really Teensy ELF Executables for Linux"
i think using a header someone i know made and assembling asm -> elf64 it was 40 or smth
@@aspectreishauntingeurope that's way smaller than I expected!
I appreciated the SID music, I see you like Rob Hubbard :)
Though not windows PE, the smallest reasonable game that I know of is Shifticida by Rrrola. It's a competitive split screen multiplayer in just 32 bytes COM file for MS-DOS.
nice mix of humor and knowledge, good stuff
We really need Dave on this one
Yes, let's bring in the tone-deaf boomer millionaire. He'll solve our problems.
@@graealex Well, he kinda knows Windows, so he may be a good fit to explain Windows executables
This is not some esoteric boomer multimillionaire knowledge @@Saru-Dono
@@Saru-Dono He knows task manager. There are far more competent people still around in regards to WINAPI.
@@graealexhe developed windows... he made fucking task manager and zip... *_he probably knows a lot about executable files._*
06:43 YOOO GUN NAC OST!!!
But anyways, very impressive
I didn't know they added some ANSI stuff back in, considering how ass BBSes look with MS Telnet Client
I wish more modern developers thought about such optimisation. At least some optimisation actually
0:14
I use DUMMY,EXE files for my GPU's underclocking profiles.
I make sure to TRIPPLE protect them, so only admin accounts can edit or change the exe.
even the folder which they are located in is locked/write protected. and everything is in read only,
even by default they are hidden files. so regular scrapers will overlook them
That comment about every Windows executable having the same DOS header isn't true. You could specify an actual MS-DOS application as the header and create a dual-mode application. The same .EXE when run under DOS would run only the DOS "header" portion, while when run from Windows would skip over the DOS header and execute the Windows code.
Many applications used to do this back in the day - and I've even created a few myself!
That's true, and that's why it has an MS-DOS header in the first place. It's just nowadays your standard compiler will fill in the string "This program cannot be run in DOS mode" automatically.
Older compiler uses slightly different string "This program requires Microsoft Windows".
@@rashidisw And certain versions of Delphi had a DOS stub that printed "This program must be run under Win32."
would you save some space if you used RDRAND or RDSEED instead for the RNG?
Smallest EXE I wrote was a SOCKS4 proxy coming in at 2Kb. Also, interesting use of old SID tunes.
How were you calling functions from the windows api? Wondering cause there are some really, really small ways to do it
Ah I assume crinkler is doing the shellcode techniques i'm thinking of
7:54 Seeing as the smallest game I've heard of is 96 bytes, I'm curious how small you're going to be able to get it.
You can pronounce ANSI as "ANN-see".
Windows consoles are not "ASCII."
People want to say the MOS 6502 is the first RISC processor, yet it gratuitously waste transistors on BCD (ugh!)
There are people who have money and people who are rich.
I remember in the dos there was an exe compressor which made them small
0 headers filled with 0 and almost impossible to disassemble but it worked without being uncompressed
Finally an exe without all the bloat
So you're a Windows expert? Name every .exe then.
Wow. Really good.
Bonus points for an atla refrence !
Kudos for the International Karate music in the background. 8^)
I wonder if it would be cheating to have most of the code in an external file. Like having the exe itself just the minimum to call a much bigger file that has all the code in it.
I mean, I made a program that is 25846 bytes and does nothing but display a 20 character text string in it's window and the header.
Not sure about 268 bytes, but there are boot sector games that fit into a 512 byte floppy boot sector. Those include conversions of Tetris, Pac-Man, Flappy Bird, Space Invaders, Breakout, and even a full on roguelike and a Doom clone.
Hmm, would it be possible to shrink the program by directly coding in CPU internal µops? Because since the mid 90s all x86 CPUs are internally RISC-like and translate x86 instructions into µops.
The smallest possible exe is one containing only the phrase "This program cannot be run in DOS mode"
I would love to see something similar on the linux side of things. Great work btw, fun video!
Love the Links Awakening music ❤️
RUclips have been recomending this for the last month, finally i surrender, congrats wining the algorithm
this guy is good friend with so many things
*sonic.exe taking notes because he needs too lose weight*
An exe file is just the same as a home computer cassette tapee
32 byte on a C64... it won't do anything usefull... but it will execute code.
Here's a 256 byte intro for the C64 with "music"... ruclips.net/video/sWblpsLZ-O8/видео.html
yeah, demoscene is cool. and that with a little bit of research i found a 256 bytes game for ms-dos called q-type:2 on pouet, and that there's a real game for real windows that's like 96KB with 3D and real game mechanics called kkrieger, i recommend you give it a try cuz it's pretty cool
NOT THE ASCII SHRUB NOOOOOOOOOOO
bro could have literally made a cookie clicker sim
i wanna mess around with the piano exe lol
this is still more of a game than sol's rng
When I started watching, I somehow only expected the usual "overlapping the DOS and PE headers" and hello world message box, didn't expect you to enter the
Clearly the video failed hugely on its stated objective to create smallest possible .EXE. Have to give a grade of F for that reason.
@@TheSulross thats stupid, he found out how small it could be and then went on to, after answering the question, making something else related to the same topic, which again happened after answering the main question
@@128Gigabytes Sarcasm detection failure detected 👀😁
@@RoganGunn it very clearly isn't sarcasm based on context clues
F is the highest grade in the hexadecimal scale ⚖️ 😂
Fun fact: That "MZ" required at the beginning of the header stands for Mark Zbikowski, who is credited with creating the .exe file format at Microsoft.
Yep, but sadly most IT/Is people never learn it unless they have the right class and right instructors.
@@RvnKnight Well I've taken no such official classes. Just an obsessive need to learn the 'why' as much as the 'how' and whatever experience comes from having to find my own way through this never-ending cave.
@@JJFX- Hence 'most*, not 'all'.
@@RvnKnight I don't think it's that sad that people aren't aware of the MZ standing for Mike Wazowski. It's pretty much the most useless trivia imaginable.
@@delphicdescant That's your opinion and you are entitled to it.
Just to be pedantic, the first file isn't actually 0 bytes. But its contents are!
But the file is nothing but its contents. Unless you're considering the directory entry of the file system part of the file, in which case you would also need to consider the filename and all the files metadata part of it. To my knowledge it isn't though. Directory structure is kept completely separate from file contents
@@HeyImSolaceFiles on your computer are stored with overhead. Some tools will tell you your file has a size of x bytes, and a size on disk of y bytes.
This difference will exist even if the contents are 0bytes, since usually the system reserves a section of disk for it.
This difference is op's 'being pedantic'
O Archon się tu zjawił.
@@mars5train601 I know that this overhead exists, but this overhead is not part of the file. This is like saying a Google search result is part of a Website. It takes up space, but it's not part of the website itself, it merely shows some data of it (Title and a little preview) and points to where it is (its web address).
@HeyImSolace nah, thats the difference in memory vs storage.
The file's metadata in the inode table has a minimum size. In windows ntfs (from googling), the equivalent looks to be the mft record, which clocks in at 1kb or 2 512B ssd sectors.
I once talked to the kernel directly.
Now I got a lifetime supply of chicken wings.
Something is not right because it should have given you pop corn 🌽🍿😮
Why is your PFP Person... sideways...?
🏃♀️➡️🏃♀️➡️🏃♀️➡️➡️➡️➡️
@@JulieLetoile Gotta RunRunRunRunRunRRRRRRRRRRRRRR
𓊖 Emojitranslator.exe has stopped unexpectedly.
17:46 bad video for security. Now the number of executables is finite and we can brute force through all of the 2^2^34 executables to find all of the penetration vectors.
only for windows. unix/linux-based systems are still safe (but for how long?)
huh?
Good idea. I'm sure this calculation will complete before the heat death of the universe
While you're at it, you can figure out all the valid versions of Doom are in there ^^
@@samuelthecamel Well, it probably would. As technological advancements are constantly happening, once we have, per say, consumer-grade quantum computers, we just write the program, sit back, and enjoy.
The smallest piano having 555 Bytes, "like" THE one IC used for making simple sounds, the one and only NE555... That's just awesome and it cant be a coincidence
I thought the same thing lmao
I don’t understand your technical, so you mean like make a file that run beep/ small sound?
@@ping_th the NE555 is a small IC (integrated Circuit) / Chip used in electronic devices for timing/clock signal (and more) purposes. This chip (and its clones) are probably the most used IC for such stuff. It is so easy to use and cheap and widely used it became synonymous for this kind of usecase. Since any note you can play is nothing more than a sine wave with a specific frequency and the NE555 can easily produce such frequency you can use this chip to build a small piano (ignoring it not producing sine waves but square waves you then have to filter)
If he manages to shrink that by another 45 bytes, it'll fit into a boot sector and will clearly kick pac-man and doom from the most popular choices.
1:15 nice integer overflow lmao
idiots who dont know freaking a bit of coding arent allowed
I was exspecting this to just be a deep dive in to how small an exe can be, then he just made a game, this is amazing
Anticlickbait
@@egarcia1360 Yeah!!
@@SomethingCatchy2_is that twitter meme
@@NolanHOfficial ?
@@SomethingCatchy2_ "Yeah!!! 👍"
I remember having an exe file on my Amiga which was only 56 bytes in size: "reboot". This in fact rebooted the Amiga computer when you executed it.
I don't checked size of linux "reboot" program...
@@stalker32041its a symlink to systemctl if on systemd
@@stalker32041 Fifteen characters, 'shutdown -r now' is enough to do that, as root, from the Command Line.
5:17 wait a sec, wait a sec, does every windows executable really contain ASCII art of a shrub by default? I'm tempted to assume that was a joke so you would have something to rhyme, but honestly I'm hoping that it's true because that would be a hilarious and genuinely beautiful absurdity.
Just a joke :-)
This would be a software equivalent of those dudes etching Milhouse in the corners of their microchips.
Fun video.
ANSI (usually spoken as "ahn-see") control sequence originated with the Digital Equipment Corporation VT100. The SGR (Set Graphic Rendition) sequence was extended in "ANSI.SYS" on DOS to allow setting foreground and background colors. The glyphs the video shows beyond the ASCII characters are the VT100 graphics set, so the same program game would work using a serial port connected to a VT100+ terminal emulator that supported the color extension.
The flickering could be reduced by only redrawing the bottom row except as the meteors shift down. Using save cursor and restore cursor sequences could improve keeping the little house's position from flickering. This will take more code code, of course.
Yeah and similar usage of ANSI is also great for anyone who enjoys torturing themselves making unnecessarily complicated batch files. Using it to clear lines and restore cursor positions instead of simply clearing it is much more pleasant and opens up some cool possibilities that wouldn't be possible (or practical) otherwise.
*usually pronounced an-see
@@JJFX- as someone who has made unnecessarily complicated batch files, I appreciate all methods that make it less complicated, because that allows me to add more stuff.
@@HappyBeezerStudios It can simplify things but can become a headache to decipher later unless you mask repeated commands as vars. Aside from totally necessary colors and animations I mostly find it useful for advanced menu navigation, the ability to display information underneath an input line, temporarily replacing an invalid input with text, etc...
Back in the day, we called it "Anne See" (like "antsy" with a silent "t"). not "Ay En Ess Eye"
it's the superior way to pronounce it. less syllables and easier to say. I've heard some people say ASCII one letter at a time, one of the worst experiences of my life
@@yourcomputerhasdied you poor soul. Stay strong!
@@yourcomputerhasdied Laugh out loud, what a waste of time.
In fairness, he might have never heard anyone say it 🤷🏻♂️
I pronounce it "ayensi"
10:56 those aren't actually ASCII characters (except for the @)
ASCII is only a 7-bit encoding, and thus only contains 127 characters. anything beyond that into the 8-bit realm is a vendor-specific extension beyond ASCII
Where's the 128th value?
@@sttate the 128th value is the number 127. the 1st value is the number 0
@@shallex5744 not only the value (not number) 0, but also the NULL byte. Sometimes used as a string terminator so not exactly a character, but if you think of the other control characters as a character, it can be argued that NULL is also one, which makes a total of 128 characters. Also, back in the day the remaining 128 values used to be known as high-ASCII which were more or less vendor or machine specific. Later they became code pages which were more or less standardised.
If you actually look at the image that you complain about, you first notice there are 16 rows with 8 columns, which excluding the NULL character makes for 127 characters. Then you notice that columns have 3 bits and rows 4 bits. Which is exactly 7 bits. And then you notice that those are precisely the ASCII characters.
@@marsovac i wasn't focused on the image, i was referring to him suggesting that the house and the horseshoe-looking thing were ASCII characters
Someone mention MattKC his QR code game could get an upgrade
I just wonder why you used the song "There is no new China if there is no Chinese Communist Party" as the BGM for the (allegedly) Microsoft footage
♪mayor gone cheddar though mayor syndrome gore
♪mayor gone cheddar though mayor syndrome gore
♪gone cheddar, ...
It could be the Taiwanese version, "Only Without the Communist Party, Will There Be a New China!".
Maybe to avoid problems for using copyrighted music?
i was hoping i wasnt the only person that noticed
the song makes the video better.
11:58 „And that works twice as well as I expected“ Best line every
"What is the largest possible EXE?" (Proceeds to develop an Electron application.)
Just as a comment here, you don't want to do things like cmp al, 0. The reason is simple. You're comparing an immediate value and that value has to be stored in the instruction. Since you're only interested in the flags, you should test al, al whereby the assembly doesn't need to store the immediate value and it will set the flags for you to branch against.
Thanks, I had forgot about TEST, looks like I can shave off a few more bytes
@@InkboxSoftware Well when you've done as much assembly as I have and enter 4k/64k demo competitions at Revision and other parties, every byte does indeed matter!
Good video though.
for anyone wondering, the character at 4:06 is "嗯", which (according to Wiktionary) is a Chinese character that can mean doubt, curiosity, surprise, agreement, "pledge", or just onomatopoeia for groaning.
So in general the reaction of the programmer after the program starts and displays the message.
All of that.
One thing about compressors like crinkler is that you'll always have the potential hazard of the output executable being detected as possible malware. Most AV is leery of anything that looks like it's compressed, since it's a common way to hide telling features of the executable.
Ah, that's why windows defender detects it as a trojan.
@@RainDownpours I got that too
that 嗯 got me laughing so hard in the binary selection part
Demoscene members being chads as always. Crinkler is one of my favorite tools, so cursed yet so elegant.
Another demoscene-friendly language is JS. In my experience, it's quite versatile. Stuff like fitting a game that was 30,000 bytes into 3,081 bytes. People have also made 140-character JS programs back in the olden days of X/Twitter when there was a hard 140 character limit.
@@stgigamovement sounds more like code golf.
does the demoscene want or care about JS?
@@blarghblargh there's a section on Demozoo and Pouet for Javascript demoscene works, which I've used.
@@stgigamovement i mean you need the runtime to go with it lol so not really demosccene
@@stgigamovementThat’s code golf, you still need an interpreter for JS
14:04 big thumbs up for CISC, without it we wouldn't have such gems as "AAA" and "PUNPCKHQDQ"
With the parameters now all in place, we can build Jorge Luis Borges' library of Babel, but for exe files. Since there's a limit to the number of bytes that can go in an exe and a finite number of values each byte can have, we can imagine a filesystem the contains every possible exe file. But it couldn't be a Windows filesystem.
Here you go: github.com/InkboxSoftware/DatabaseOfDamascus
Nearly 40 years ago, my first Computer was an Amstrad / Schneider CPC 464. I bought a monthly magazine which featured type in programs, back then called listings and there was always the 1kb program section, containing fantastic tools and full games with sound, colour graphics and joystick controls. I remember several Space Invaders clones, Shoot'em Ups, Racing and Puzzle games and an absolutely awesome Fractal generator, everything less than 1kb in Locomotive Basic and less than one page in the magazine.
Back in the day before magazines had download codes. Or DVDs. Or CDs. Or floppies.
No, they printed the code directly and you had to type it in manually.
Dude... Dealing with microsoft's documentation practoces, that's the challenge I saw. Amazing work of art
Most useful usage of chatgpt for me when coding is simply to have it return documentation info...... and then hope it doesn't decide to just make something up which ends up wasting more time than simply digging into it myself :/
@@JJFX-just tell it DO NOT HALLUCINATE . That’s what Apple does on their prompts
@@spht9ng lol "DON'T F'IN LIE TO ME!"
11:59 I laughed more than i should have on this part lol. Amazing video
Do not be embarrassed by your mistakes. Nothing can teach us better than our understanding of them. This is one of the best ways of self-education.
Bro why do i hear chinese propaganda music in the background
No that's "Without the Capitalist Party there would be no new America".
薳火嚳心中友是
Don't think about it
cause programmers are based
Mao zeonlong propoganda
He who conquers others is strong; He who conquers himself is mighty.
ANSI you can just say "an-see"
Un-see🙈
I've got ANSI in my pantsi
Maybe an interesting honorable mention: "fr-016c: fuenf (in your face)" by the demo group Farbrausch. It's a COM file that just produces an endless stream of garbage in the terminal, but because sometimes includes ascii bell symbols, it's technically an application with visuals and audio in 5 bytes.
(It also crashes the terminal window)
17:41 This is close to 1.99 Gigabytes for those who don't know.
it's been about 10 years since I last wrote any code, and about 12 years since I worked with processor instructions. This video made me remember that I loved this before my professors at college made me hate this with my soul 😅
There used to be a full chess game for the Sinclair ZX81 (Timex 1000) which fitted in the 1k (1024 bytes) of static RAM which came with the system, from which some was used for the screen....
Back in the days of DOS, we (Crescent Software) sold a library for BASIC (called PDQ) which would allow for the quick compilation & linking of EXEs less then 512 Bytes. Why 'so big' (LOL)? Because that was the size of *ONE* sector on a *FLOPPY DISK*. Anything less was moot.
It could also create TSR (Terminate & Stay Resident) programs, which were available with a keystroke or interrupt. And we could shove them up into Extended, or of you remember it, "Expanded" memory.
Since this was in the days prior to math coprocessors, I wrote the 8087 emulator for the product.
Thanks for the nostalgic trip down memory lane.
did it compile basic into a more native program instead of the more usual of adding the basic intepreter and the bas itself into an exe?
I remember trying to coax borland c/c++ 3.1 into compiling as small executable as possible (I think I was like 11 back then). i think i got a 'flame' effect down to 8kb or so, which was still huge for what it was(just couple of loops really and calling bios to change the video mode and make the pallette).
@@lasskinn474 LOL! Yeah, these were genuine EXE files. The BASIC compilers BC 6 & BC 7 Professional were actually pretty good compilers for the time. BASIC code was lexed into 8086, 80286, or 80386 instructions. It even had math coprocessor options. statements like Print, Play, Open, Locate, REDIM, Strings, etc., generated calls into the runtime libraries just like C functions.
We re-wrote the runtimes from *SCRATCH* in hand tuned assembly language (MASM). Because our libraries were so granular, the linker was able to bring in just the bare bones set of library routines that the programmer actually invoked. Nothing was just along for the ride.
Since it was a library we were able to add extra functionality, such as the TSR capabilities, interrupt handlers, function pointers, pretty much anything a C coder could do, we put that power in the hands of the BASIC programmer.
Then came Visual Basic for Windows. But that's a story for another day.
@@PaulPassarelli that's pretty cool, would've been cool to get hold of back in the day.
I mean, you can make a smaller executable for Windows by taking advantage of the NTVDM and making a COM-file
Yeah, you can get it down to one byte, a single RET instruction.
Cool. Next time do a boot sector program so that way you don’t need the pesky bloat of an OS to execute.
I once made an executable a mere 20 bytes in size.
It ran in DOS, was a .com, not a .exe. It's use was to set text resolution to 120x50 characters (if I remember correctly).
Over they years, Windows developers give zero consideration of the size of their programs. I'm glad to see someone demonstrating it is possible to write functionally interesting programs in the
watching videos like these gives me such a desire to c r e a t e something in assembly
but, yknow, then I remember, oh yea, I hate coding in assembly
I know that 4k is comparatively huge to these tiny minimal-size exes, but I've seen some pretty cool demoscene exes that are only 4kb.
But can it run Doom?
Markus Persson, in a
During the Microsoft training video thing the Chinese anthem played in the background
0:29 is that a CCP song lol
Yes. It's called "without the communist party, there will be no new china" or something like that
the thumbnail is steve
How 😂
@@imcalledfyre it looks like a close up of steve
My game is 53 KB, runs even before/without Windows directly when the PC turn on power, and funny enough, it has the MZ header! I am quite happy with that 😇
I looked at it, great video, the MZ header is used by the bootsector, very clever!
thats quite extreme compression you got. blew my mind!
11:00 none of those characters are a part of ASCII... 😄
If memory serves, isn't this CP437?
@@timseguine2To my knolwedge with ANSI art, yes
The "@" sign isn't part of ASCII-7?
@ is ASCII at least
This video makes you C developer 😂