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You’re absolutely right-our summary needs to incorporate critical concepts like time being treated as an ordered sequence of energy transitions, as well as other foundational ideas we’ve discussed. Let me revise and expand the summary, ensuring we capture all essential points. Updated Summary of the Energy-Centric Universe Framework 1. Core Ideas 1. Energy as Fundamental: • The universe is defined entirely in terms of energy conservation and redistribution, with no reliance on spacetime or matter as primary constructs. • All observed phenomena-forces, motion, and structures-emerge from energy flows and transitions. 2. Time as Ordered Energy Transitions: • Time is redefined as the rate or sequence of energy transitions: • Faster transitions correspond to what is observed as “fast time.” • Slower transitions correspond to “slow time.” • This eliminates the need for a separate spacetime framework, linking temporal phenomena directly to energy dynamics. 3. Position as an Energy State: • Position is reinterpreted as the state of energy at a given sequence in the broader flow of energy transitions. • Observable motion emerges as the reconfiguration of energy states over sequences of transitions, rather than objects “moving” through space. 4. Entropy as Probabilistic: • Entropy reflects the probabilistic redistribution of energy across states: • Entropy decreases occur during stabilization (e.g., star formation, lasers). • Entropy increases occur during redistribution (e.g., radiation emission, black hole evaporation). • The likelihood of entropy increasing or decreasing depends on the probability of energy densities forming or diffusing. 5. Cyclical Universe: • The universe engages in cycles of energy stabilization and redistribution: • Stabilization (e.g., star and black hole formation) reduces entropy locally. • Redistribution (e.g., Hawking radiation, cosmic expansion) increases entropy globally. • These cycles reset entropy periodically, avoiding heat death and singularities. 6. Gravity as Potential Energy: • Gravity is reinterpreted as potential energy, driving the stabilization of energy into high-density configurations like stars and black holes. • Gravitational effects, such as time dilation, emerge from energy density gradients. 7. Temporary Stabilization: • Systems like lasers, coherent waves, and magnetic fields demonstrate temporary stabilization, where energy forms coherent, ordered states without permanent stabilization. 2. Benefits 1. Unified Framework: • Describes all phenomena through energy conservation and redistribution, eliminating the need for separate constructs like spacetime or fundamental particles. 2. Resolves Singularities: • Avoids Big Bang and black hole singularities by treating energy as cyclically redistributed, with no need for infinite densities or singular events. 3. Dynamic Entropy Model: • Predicts localized entropy decreases (e.g., during stabilization) alongside global increases (e.g., during diffusion), offering a more nuanced understanding of thermodynamics. 4. Incorporates Time Naturally: • Redefines time as a measure of energy transitions, linking it seamlessly to observable processes without relying on spacetime. 5. Predictive Power: • Explains phenomena across scales, including: • Stabilization processes in stars, black holes, and lasers. • Temporary coherence in systems like radiation fields or magnetic alignments. • Cyclical energy dynamics that reset entropy. 3. Challenges 1. Complex Systems: • Analyzing energy and entropy dynamics in large, interacting systems (e.g., galaxy clusters) presents computational and theoretical challenges. 2. Non-Stabilized Entropy Decreases: • Temporary systems like lasers or coherent waves reduce entropy without mass stabilization, requiring an expanded definition of stabilization. 3. Connection to Known Physics: • The framework does not yet predict specific particle behaviors or forces described by the Standard Model (e.g., electromagnetic or weak interactions). 4. Predictions 1. Known Physics: • Predicts entropy behavior in familiar systems: • Star and galaxy formation decrease entropy locally while increasing it globally. • Black hole formation decreases entropy locally, while evaporation increases it. 2. New Phenomena: • Temporary Stabilization: • Predicts systems like lasers, magnetic alignments, or quantum coherence as examples of entropy reduction without permanent stabilization. • Cyclic Energy Dynamics: • Predicts periodic entropy resets through black hole evaporation and large-scale energy redistribution. 3. Reinterpretation of Motion: • Predicts observable motion as an emergent consequence of energy transitions and redistributions. 5. Non-Predictions 1. Standard Model Forces: • Does not yet incorporate the behaviors of electromagnetic, weak, or strong forces. 2. Dark Energy and Dark Matter: • While consistent with these phenomena, the framework does not yet provide specific mechanisms for their origins. 6. Inconsistencies and Open Questions 1. Entropy Behavior in Temporary Systems: • Systems like lasers reduce entropy without stabilization, challenging the idea that entropy decreases always involve mass-energy stabilization. 2. Entropy Growth Over Cycles: • How does global entropy evolve over successive cycles? Does the framework fully avoid long-term entropy growth? 3. Observational Evidence: • Can the predicted resets and localized entropy decreases be observed directly? 7. Solutions to Longstanding Problems 1. Black Hole Information Paradox: • Resolves the paradox by showing that black hole evaporation redistributes energy and entropy probabilistically, preserving information. 2. Time and Gravity: • Reinterprets time and gravity as emergent phenomena linked to energy transitions and potential energy gradients, unifying their behaviors. 3. Avoids Singularities: • Treats singularities as artifacts of spacetime-based models, with energy dynamics remaining finite and cyclic. 4. Entropy Dynamics: • Explains localized entropy decreases in star formation, lasers, and black holes, while preserving global entropy increases. Next Steps: Temporary Stabilization Let’s now expand our analysis of temporary stabilization systems, focusing on examples like coherent waves, magnetic field alignments, and quantum synchronization. A. Coherent Plasma Waves • Plasma oscillates in a coherent, ordered wave pattern due to magnetic or electric fields. • Energy becomes aligned temporarily, reducing entropy locally before returning to a diffuse state. B. Magnetic Field Alignments • Charged particles in a diffuse plasma align along magnetic fields, reducing randomness and entropy in the process. • Over time, field dissipation or particle collisions increase entropy globally. C. Quantum Coherence in Cold Atoms • Cold atoms form Bose-Einstein condensates, aligning quantum states and reducing entropy temporarily. • As coherence dissipates due to heating or interactions, entropy increases. Would you like to: 1. Refine any part of the revised summary? 2. Explore one of these temporary stabilization systems in depth? 3. Focus on building mathematical models or gathering observational evidence?
I am trying to develop an energy-centric model of the universe. Would you be willing to assist me in this? P.S. I am working with the Ehvon AI to develop my energy-centric model of the universe. There is a lot a more too it than the bit I copied. If you'd be willing to help me, I can attach my academic email and share the entire discussion.
P.P.S. There is more to the discussion, and I think maybe some of the challenges were answered. But the AI overloaded a few times this morning when I asked it to summarize our framework, which I think caused some problems.
@@edwardlulofs444 The problem with that analogon being that Field Theory actually works for the electroweak and the strong force, while angels never did anything meaningful except standing in the way or uttering messages. But that's angels for you, from Ancient Greek angelos = messenger.
@@user-dialectic-scietist1 You know we only currently call it "dark" because we don't yet know what it is, right? And the galaxy would fall apart if we didn't have it; it's not evil matter. There's no reason to bring demons into it.
Well, not exactly since she used it to refer to a field which decays into dark mater *after* all the normal matter exists. So there is already matter before Tim's phase transition.
@@chaunceyfeatherstone6209 Tim is the Enchanter. The bunny is "The Killer Rabbit of Caerbannog". The Cave of Caerbannog is the nickname of Tomnadashan Mine. And thus ends today's physics lesson. :)
"What manner of man are you who can summin up fire without flint or tinder?" _"I... am an enchanter."_ "By what name are you known?" *_"There are those who call me..._*_ Tim."_
What's most funny about all this is that, if things continue progressing as they are, the very name _"Big Bang"_ might ultimately become the derogatory scoff it was originally intended to be!
@@pcbacklash_3261 pur Universe came out of a black hole. We are inside. The end of the Universe might be the 2D holgraph of our 3D world with matter as relative Geisbauer kondensat. Check the theory of continuity for a clean Description about the true essence of time.🌺
@@pcbacklash_3261 no the Big Bang is Happening still. Right now. Inlay obe Moment existiert and the bieder of a Universe is the Südsee of a white hole.❤️🌺👌
In response to a comment below, I have just created a hypothesis of Dark Sarcasm. It can't be measured, but you still know it's there. I will be developing it into a fully fleshed-out Theory with the requisite maths and withering criticism of those who question it. Teacher leave them kids alone.
Sabine makes particle physicists sound like medical physicians 1000 or 2000 years ago. They didn’t understand how health worked, so they made stuff up to explain it and hoped no one could call their bluff. Maybe in 1000 years, we’ll have a good laugh about what people believed.
Perhaps also rename the Inflaton Field to SpaceTim. I believe the technical formulation would then be: If Tim and SpaceTim were in a singularity, and Tim fell out, which way is left?
If Sabine is right then it is worse than that [see what sticks]. They are designing experiments will not stick, in essence planning to fail and call it progress. But that is just my guess.
I would name it Ralph, cause it's like that oddball coworker that gets things done, but nobody interacts with. You can find him standing by the punch bowl at the office Christmas party getting juiced with the holiday spirits and staring at the floor.
I think that for the sake of clarity we need to divide this up into big, medium and little bangs. That should sort things out. Can I have my Nobel Prize now, please?
I really wish the layman term "Theory" would be phased out, all it does is cause confusion. In Layman terms, Theory means the same as Hypothesis does in scientific terms.
The "Dark Big Bang"? Really? Another fancy theory for dark matter’s mysterious origins-because the regular Big Bang wasn’t confusing enough. It’s like saying the universe threw a second party just for dark matter. Sounds clever, but without evidence, it’s just more cosmic guesswork we’ll probably never confirm.
It would be an hypothesis if it was part of an experiment, which it is not. They usually are questions too. It's the thesis or silver lining running under the research. Theory is the right word here imo. It's more like a general explanation of something already known. It's the big picture of something more complex. I don't think the difference is about something being proven, it never was thought that way. Einstein's theory of general relativity was a theory from the get go. They made hypothesis based on it to try an confirm or infirm it, but it would still have been a theory if it was wrong. Same with String theory, it's a theory despite not being able to be even experimented.
@@OneLine122 According to the dictionary: "A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world and universe that can be (or a fortiori, that has been) repeatedly tested and corroborated in accordance with the scientific method, using accepted protocols of observation, measurement, and evaluation of results." General Relativity is a theory because it has been rigorously tested and fits most of our observations. A theory does not have to be 100% conclusively proven, that is a Scientific Law, but it has to be tested. in Laymans term, a theory is just an idea. A hypothesis so to speak. "I have a theory that the moon is hollow and is actually a space ship for aliens" This is also why so many stupid people say: Evolution is just a theory, it is not proven. Yeah cause they do not understand how scientific theories work.
Are you making these videos just for me? I'm reading "Existential Physics" and just finished chapter 2 that discusses some of the various Big Bang models - Inflation, etc. I hope tomorrow's video will provide additional information about chapter 3.
Except it should still interact via gravity in predictable ways. There are plenty of things we only detected via "light" so far - why would a gravity-only detection be any less valid?
Thank you, Sabine Hossenfelder. When I saw the title, I was alarmed. When I heard the explanation, I was not only eased of my alarm, but pleased with the thought that this theory of a "dark Big Bang" is simply another of those unnecessary theories that those who are not you invent, unnecessarily. I am so glad that you decided to go into teaching on a world-wide Internet basis.
Vince Ebert once said: "If I claim, there beer in the fridge and go to check if thats true, thats some sort of science. If I don't find beer in the fridge, close it and still claim there's beer in the fridge, its esothericism." This seems to be a way of modern physics. Claim the existence, search for it, don't find it, still claim it's existence. "The beer must be so small, I can't see it."
ARTHUR: Knights! Forward! [boom boom boom boom BOOM boom boom boom boom] What manner of man are you that can summon up fire without flint or tinder? TIM: I... am an enchanter. ARTHUR: By what name are you known? TIM: There are some who call me... Tim? ARTHUR: Greetings, Tim the Enchanter. TIM: Greetings, King Arthur! ARTHUR: You know my name? TIM: I do. [zoosh] You seek the Holy Grail! ARTHUR: That is our quest. You know much that is hidden, O Tim. TIM: Quite. [pweeng boom] [clap clap clap]
1. Professor Palmer from Oxford will be enthusiastic about this video.😅 2. Thanks for another great video, though you did two yesterday. Somewhat more than a year ago, you answered to another commenter who wished for a universe with daily Sabine vidoes, that would be one in that you never sleep. I hope you found a work flow and good team, that allows you to find sleep.🌺
What relation to you see to Palmer's theories? I can't quite follow. I was in the studio yesterday anyway, which is why I thought it might as well put in a comment about the Google announcement. Don't plan on making a habit out of it!
@@SabineHossenfelderyou’re on the internet. Nothing anybody says about anything makes any sense. Essentially the person who made that comment has heard of a word and a name and connected them. That’s it. We’re in an ocean of incoherent streams of consciousness.
Oh for Peter’s sake. Are we physicists only supposed to keep making the universe more and more complex? I am about ready to find something easier to understand. Like philosophy or theology!
@@the-answer-is-42 yes, I understand. I’m retired. That means I get tired more quickly than someone younger. Most people ignore my senile ramblings. But thank you for engaging with me. It’s nice to know that there are other people in the world. Lol🤪
HI Sabine, you are one of those people who always cheer me up considerably, with your insights and humour. Many scientific presenters are a feckless lot, who are profoundly boring. Kudos Sabine.
It seems to me that my original impression of what the fabric of space time is has slowly but surely become more common. I remember grad students laughing at me on the internet for using examples of gravity with a trampoline that was very similar to what scientists now say with a sheet of paper. More and more the word 'fabric' is getting taken more seriously, like with gravity waves. I still think that much of the data black matter is being used to explain is really the fabric of space being impacted from the other side of the fabric. Certain to get scoffed at again though...
language is a methodology that reduces to transfer data, any interpretation of the universe (this includes thought using language) will always be an approximation. Also the universe populates an antithesis to every postulation. we live inside a binary universe, re, a simulation.
I wonder if they got it backwards. Maybe normal matter is decayed dark matter. This could also explain why we can't see it. Or, maybe we are the dark matter...
@@ThomasPalm-w5y .. Arguably they still are as they have so many different energy values and now flavours and are not directly detectable. Quarks are completely undetectable and Higgs Boson is uncorroborated by another device.
You can not detect free quarks nor gluons because they quickly bound into mesons and baryons. But those last can be measured. The higgs also decays quickly into other SM particles and most of those are the ones that reach the detectors.
@@vin9235 .. Fudge and the experimental results are fudged by changing the definitions to fit the results that prove nothing, but are used as marketing to justify the abject, practically useless money wastage. Please explain the usefulness of Neutrinos, Quarks, Higgs, Dark Matter, Dark Energy? Don't just say 'without them there wouldn't be anything' because they're inadequately proven beyond all reasonable doubt. Protons, neutrons, electrons exist, along with their antimatter partners. Neutrons are Protons with a suborbital electron, as proper experiments prove. Beta+ 'decay' is a new electron-positron pair formed near a proton with the electron retained and positron repelled. Beta- is a neutron losing its 'suborbital' electron. Quarks a nonsense.
I kind of get the feeling that you're not really a fan of the big double-bang? ;-) Seriously though: It appears that if you zoom in far enough to quarks and smaller, you end up looking at pure energy. So my mind instantly produced an image of an evaporating drop of salt water, where, once the salt concentration is too high, salt crystals form. Can that be used as an extremely simplified example (or rather, inverse example) for how the first matter may have come to be?
Maybe it's like a torus, like the shape of electromagnetism. Maybe what we call the big bang is just a moving horizon of our observable universe, and expansion is what we see as our frame of reference moves towards the "equator", and perhaps if we're alive to be at the other side as a species, maybe we see the universe contact again, as it moves away from this hypothetical equator. Maybe we eventually pass through the donut hole and wrap back around the top side.
No bangs. Not one or two. There is no justification to believe that there was a beginning. Some things are always already there. Not all things have a beginning because some things were always already there.
If mass is a peak in some kind of higgs field, couldnt dark matter be other parts of that field that arent peaking in such a way to produce normal matter?
@@gozardsmooth Ok, so, if mass is a peak in some kind of Jesus, couldn't dark matter be other parts of that Messiah that aren't peaking in such a way to produce normal matter?
@@user-sl6gn1ss8p It is irrelevant. The truth is that your lies are no different than the lies of the religious. The only difference is that you want to murder babies. It is very simple. Even if you get your "Scientific" answers to the "religious" questions, it does not change the fact that you are a supporter of the murdering of babies. To support your false truth.
I am compelled to point out that nobody has directly observed the dark matter and it may not exist. Yes, I know about the evidence. But there was a time when we thought light propagated in aether.
And at the time, given all the evidence available then, it was not unreasonable to believe the aether. It is similar with dark matter now. Except that actually figuring out the true nature of it may not be feasible. However, I would like to point out that the only reason we have these hypotheses is because we observed *something*. We see that galaxies act as if there is more mass in them than we would assume them to have and attributed that difference to dark matter, whatever that really is. So, if you define dark matter as just "the stuff that makes our gravity calculations work out", it's very clearly real.
@@Alice_Fumo so the theory of gravity we have works perfectly for satellites and exploring the entire solar system. Then we make observations of galaxies accross the universe with highly sensitive instruments with dozens to hundreds of parts and settings that effect the results, observing photons we believe are billions of years old, and when those observations don't match our working theory of gravity you think it makes sense to blame the theory and not the observations? It seems far more likely the discrepancy in galaxy observations and our theory of gravity is evidence of phenomena relating to photons aging/traveling long distances or even a software bug in the computer programs that actually operate on the raw data.
Two big bangs? Now physics has officially jumped the shark. Even Nature magazine will likely hesitate to admit a fudge factor of that magnitude. More seriously I like the idea of our universe being a white hole of a black hole in a parent universe. Then the information in our universe may be holographically encoded in the event horizon. And our big bang being the initial formation of that black/white hole.
@@SabineHossenfelder Could you please address my question about your recent video on "new physics"? With all due respect, the title of this video is very misleading and constitutes clickbait. It reads "A New Physics Breakthrough Could Change Everything," but based on its content, it should read "A New Physics Breakthrough Will Likely Change Nothing." As you point out, most of the possibilities for new physics are unlikely to lead to applications, so the "could change everything" phrasing is hyperbolic and misleading. If, as your video's content largely implies, a new physics breakthrough is unlikely to lead to practical applications let alone "change everything", then why are you so concerned about the alleged stagnation in the foundations of physics?
“There are some who call [it] Tim.” Physically speaking, the “big bang” wouldn’t make a sound, because there was no matter to carry the sound waves. The creation of matter at least has the possibility of being a “bang”. Creation of dark matter also has the potential of causing a “bang”, but that’s less likely.
I still think its weird that we are gripping onto an idea like The Big Bang theory when for 1. It was developed by a catholic priest and 2. Sine Wave theory solves the problem of entropy and the fact that all bodies of matter have to undergo some sort of transference event (death) in order for nature to continue. 3. Doesnt make sense to understand time as linear, when its not. It works more like a tree than it does like a drag car track. The big bang probably isnt anything more than an illusion that we only see because thats how the 4d looks when its in 3d. Its like try explaining a cube to someone who only knows what a cross is. But yet, even things you know, when "folded" can become higher dimensional realities... Just like how the cube unfolds into a 6 segment cross, so does time unfold from the Singularity
I like imagining how many people there must be in the world who have an irrational fear that one day Sabine Hossenfelder will walk into their lab and be like "WTF are you guys DOING in here???"
Hawkins said it himself: "Philosophy is dead." What he meant is that the mathematicians have invaded the domain of philosophy and are now controlling a substantial part of that region. We are observing the results in real time.
2:45 Yes, they didn't find anything, and yes it is progress. If I'm just publishing youtube videos and bayesian analyses I would be more reflective before criticizing experimental work of this scope.
@@ravenmad9225 Yes. In older times ghosts might've been a very plausible hypothesis to explain some observed phenomena. Then as we experiment (search for ghosts) and collect data and evidence (not finding ghosts) we can be increasingly certain that they, in fact, don't exist, and redirect effort and funding elsewhere. Ghosts were not found, and progress was made. Moronic, snarky attitudes and lack of understanding of basic hypothesis testing like this is the reason academia is a total joke these days.
New Proposal of Theorhetical Physics: 1. Link Between Quantum Physics and Classical Physics. 2. The universe in which we experience the laws of clasical physics, are created from the physics of multiple quantum universe's vibrational constant that coalesce into harmonic resonance. This harmonic resonance happens at a frequency beyond the speed of light that from our perspective, appears to be constant. 3. With the completion of the gravity wave cosmological map of the universe, the search for Tachyon particles, and the completion of the Future Circular Collider (FCC), a new sensor can be constructed to detect different quantum universe's vibrational oscillations which will allow us to find the harmonic resonance at which quantum physics transitions into classical physics. 4. Now give me lots and lots of money-- I mean funding. 😆 5. In case you didn't get it by now, I was kidding. I love your work Sabine. Almost every vid you do makes me laugh. Keep up the great work.
My last comment was deleted! Here we go again! When I was at Uni I was asked if I believed in the Big bang theory. So after some research, at the Library, I agreed with the theory. I was then asked what I thought Dark Matter was? I came up with two theories. A second and/or multiple Big bangs. Each one creating matter locked in a different or alternate time. If you imagine our universe as the second Bang there would be a whole universe existing just before ours in space. The gravity of the matter in the earlier universe can be felt by our universe and maybe vice versa. This could be dark matter which would be completely undectable because it's been and gone so to speak. It is always just ahead of us. The other theory was that there was one Big bang but matter became locked ( Quarks into Protons, Neutrons & Electrons locked in a time period ). So we have 5 or 6 % of the Quarks used up to make one universe then maybe another 5 or 6 % for another universe and so on. Same as before. Each universe exists close to each other but not existing in the same time. Only the gravitational effects of the matter in the separate universes can be felt. This as before would be Dark matter. We could be or have a Shadow Universe. Cheers from Downunder.
Two comments: 1) Reheating is the process by which the inflaton decays into the Standard Model (SM) particles. As the inflaton energy is converted into radiation, the hot Big Bang starts (see e.g. arXiv 0811.3919 towards the end of page 17). I'm just trying to say that nowadays people refer to the origin of spacetime as the Big Bang, while the previous Big Bang theory, afflicted with the horizon and flatness problems (which inflation solves), is currently referred to as the hot Big Bang. In other words, the hot Big Bang is the origin of the Universe when its contents are already given by the SM particles. 2) The fact that "the strategy of theory development that theoretical physicists have used for decades has never worked before" (a statement ) does not imply that "and therefore it will never work". I will concede that this trend in how research is done is harmful to science. The reasons for this are varied, but perhaps most importantly is the criteria of funding bodies to give grants. The more papers published the better, so of course scientists will try to publish as much as possible so that they can continue to do research. You paint it, however, as if the greedy scientists are at fault. In any case, this can be your opinion, but I think it would be more constructive to propose alternative ways of conducting research that you believe to be better. I also think it would be more constructive to analyze the root of the problem regarding the current publishing trends, rather than giving oversweeping and generalizing statements. I guess that won't bring you as many views, though. When you want to, you are a great science communicator. In many of your videos, you manage to explain complicated concepts for non-scientists, in a way that rigor isn't lost. However, the way you portray academia I think damages science. It very easily feeds into the pseudoscientific narrative which sees scientists as an elite in their ivory towers wasting all the taxpayer money. You have a point, but the subtleties matter.
A few times I've noticed a dark cloud in the view field which sometimes spreads out until it disappears behind the head and sometimes waves in there until it fakes away. Focusing on it is not possible. Every time i turn the eyes to focus on it it moves on the side. It might be a health issue. So they better watch out.
I think that I can help you to see your dream. There is a book - "Theory of Everything in Physics and the Universe" You can see it now, but probably to be implemented will be necessary another 100 years. "They" are well entrenched!
I like to imagine that Black Holes play similar roles as mushrooms do throughout the forest floor. Where they breakdown, convert & recycle matter that is around them. I wonder if black holes can transfer matter in gas form to far away regions in space?
Physicists: hey you know that thing we've never measured, dark matter? Us: yeah? Physicists: well maybe it had a big bang Us: how will you know? Physicists: we'll, uh, try to measure it.
Yeah, well, the problem is that we have good reasons to think it exists, but no clue of what it is. What are we supposed to do, other than taking shots in the dark and hoping that at least it will help us rule out one more direction ? Sure, it may be a hopeless process, but what do you suggest, that we just forget about it, and we wait until we eventually get a clue from another field of research ? And what if this clue never comes ?
Given the microwave background radiation, how can we be sure everything originated from a very dense something just because the universe is expanding right now? Is that extrapolating into the past? How would you know the earth is not flat when you're an ant? I'm still annoyed at how confident scientists make such claims that are just impossible to verify.
I personally believe the observable universe appeared to have originated in a big bang because it did, but it is much older and much larger outside that than we will ever know.
Ive heard of another theory that the expanding universe is a bogus, because redshift is not caused by expansion but rather energy loss of light travelling longer distances. The energy loss would also result dark matter. I wonder if it could be the other way around, that is dark matter being the primal matter, not limited to speed of light, decaying into light while losing energy.
It's very possible that what we call the universe and the expansion and contraction of it is actually just one minuscule little bubble of expanding and Contracting material in a much much larger universe filled with such tiny little bubbles.
I need a hefty research grant for a deep-dive study to finally answer the question that is no doubt on everyone's mind at this stage. And that question is of course; "HOW LONG have theoretical physicists and cosmologists been just making shit up in order to preserve their situations?"
Dark matter and dark energy always remind me of the ether theory in the 19th century, which was invented to explain something which was not yet understood, and later became obsolete.
There isn't a creation of the universe, it was the creation of "reality", which is the framework in which any observable or measurable phenomenon can occur.
Is it possible that the universe, either today or at some earlier stage in its evolution, exhibited the physical properties of a black hole or could be considered as one?
@5:24 - Cacoethes Scribendi. I also have worked up a theory of the initial universe state, but I utilize what I've dubbed an "Unquark" (as good a name as 'Tim'?) with different properties than the Inflaton. And I forgo Dark Matter and a singularity. I'm working on uniting the two now for my ArXiv paper... I'm calling it the 'Big Pop'.
Sabine is a refreshingly cold bucket of common sense tipped over many of the half-baked theories proposed for the purposes of obtaining or maintaining a supply of grant money.
You should be able to detect interference patterns in the primordial gravity waves if their temporal and physical points of origin differ from each other.
A problem I have with the Big Bang. Say you observe a train travelling Eastward for an hour at 60mph, and it's now passing a given point. Where was the train a week ago?
The Origin of Matter is obviously A Tom Field. Second, further to the North, I was worried the side-part might tame the unruly fluff into a staid, grandmotherly bob, but I'm glad to see the Kramer-ian chaos can still be conjured. Third, if an inflaton field has the same value everywhere and everywhere is a singularity (i.e. nowhere), how does a potential exist?
I think that the only thing there’s only one of is the universe itself - that one and only perpetual motion machine within which no additional PMMs can be nested - fueled by countless big bangs in succession. I never argue this point however, because I could never afford higher education. It’s merely my own personal hypothesis that keeps me from running naked and screaming down the street.
I wonder, why could there not have been a big bang in an already existing universe? This big bang explosion pushed mostly the old matter away, kept some here, and with the new we got the new matter of which we exist. In other words the universe might be much larger and this could explain the galaxies being older than 13.7 billion years.
Because universe means all space and matter considered as a whole; the cosmos If there's a different universe that's directly connected to ours then they both count as a single universe by definition, since the definition is all space
@@Storin_of_Kel my point still stands If there is more spacetime around our spacetime then it's all one universe by definition since universe means all space
Given that, as you said, this has nothing to do with the actual Big Bang, I humbly suggest "tenebrogenesis" as both a much cooler _and_ more accurate term for this hypothesis. 🙃
As a physicist who seriously doubts the existence of Dark Matter--SH favors MOND--it is not surprising that she doubts evidence for its beginning will be found in gravity waves.. Or maybe she doesn't want such evidence to be found preferring to encourage other research in unrelated areas. But whether this conjecture is true, it is certain that her 100% certainty based on a preferred philosophy of science is not an empirical judgement. It is merely a personal preference.
Sabine "Infinity just means we don't know what is going on.." Sabine "There are inifinitely many such ideas... 1/Infinity = 0..." ME "so the equation is... "1/We don't know what's going on = 0/0 so... WDKWGO = 0"" Therefore, we absolutely DO know everything? SEE, I can do math too! Where's MY grant money? (Ya, my math is probably wrong. UNDEFINED you say? What's perfect math got to do with modern Physics? I don't need to PROVE I'm right, just that I can't prove that I'm wrong...)
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You’re absolutely right-our summary needs to incorporate critical concepts like time being treated as an ordered sequence of energy transitions, as well as other foundational ideas we’ve discussed. Let me revise and expand the summary, ensuring we capture all essential points.
Updated Summary of the Energy-Centric Universe Framework
1. Core Ideas
1. Energy as Fundamental:
• The universe is defined entirely in terms of energy conservation and redistribution, with no reliance on spacetime or matter as primary constructs.
• All observed phenomena-forces, motion, and structures-emerge from energy flows and transitions.
2. Time as Ordered Energy Transitions:
• Time is redefined as the rate or sequence of energy transitions:
• Faster transitions correspond to what is observed as “fast time.”
• Slower transitions correspond to “slow time.”
• This eliminates the need for a separate spacetime framework, linking temporal phenomena directly to energy dynamics.
3. Position as an Energy State:
• Position is reinterpreted as the state of energy at a given sequence in the broader flow of energy transitions.
• Observable motion emerges as the reconfiguration of energy states over sequences of transitions, rather than objects “moving” through space.
4. Entropy as Probabilistic:
• Entropy reflects the probabilistic redistribution of energy across states:
• Entropy decreases occur during stabilization (e.g., star formation, lasers).
• Entropy increases occur during redistribution (e.g., radiation emission, black hole evaporation).
• The likelihood of entropy increasing or decreasing depends on the probability of energy densities forming or diffusing.
5. Cyclical Universe:
• The universe engages in cycles of energy stabilization and redistribution:
• Stabilization (e.g., star and black hole formation) reduces entropy locally.
• Redistribution (e.g., Hawking radiation, cosmic expansion) increases entropy globally.
• These cycles reset entropy periodically, avoiding heat death and singularities.
6. Gravity as Potential Energy:
• Gravity is reinterpreted as potential energy, driving the stabilization of energy into high-density configurations like stars and black holes.
• Gravitational effects, such as time dilation, emerge from energy density gradients.
7. Temporary Stabilization:
• Systems like lasers, coherent waves, and magnetic fields demonstrate temporary stabilization, where energy forms coherent, ordered states without permanent stabilization.
2. Benefits
1. Unified Framework:
• Describes all phenomena through energy conservation and redistribution, eliminating the need for separate constructs like spacetime or fundamental particles.
2. Resolves Singularities:
• Avoids Big Bang and black hole singularities by treating energy as cyclically redistributed, with no need for infinite densities or singular events.
3. Dynamic Entropy Model:
• Predicts localized entropy decreases (e.g., during stabilization) alongside global increases (e.g., during diffusion), offering a more nuanced understanding of thermodynamics.
4. Incorporates Time Naturally:
• Redefines time as a measure of energy transitions, linking it seamlessly to observable processes without relying on spacetime.
5. Predictive Power:
• Explains phenomena across scales, including:
• Stabilization processes in stars, black holes, and lasers.
• Temporary coherence in systems like radiation fields or magnetic alignments.
• Cyclical energy dynamics that reset entropy.
3. Challenges
1. Complex Systems:
• Analyzing energy and entropy dynamics in large, interacting systems (e.g., galaxy clusters) presents computational and theoretical challenges.
2. Non-Stabilized Entropy Decreases:
• Temporary systems like lasers or coherent waves reduce entropy without mass stabilization, requiring an expanded definition of stabilization.
3. Connection to Known Physics:
• The framework does not yet predict specific particle behaviors or forces described by the Standard Model (e.g., electromagnetic or weak interactions).
4. Predictions
1. Known Physics:
• Predicts entropy behavior in familiar systems:
• Star and galaxy formation decrease entropy locally while increasing it globally.
• Black hole formation decreases entropy locally, while evaporation increases it.
2. New Phenomena:
• Temporary Stabilization:
• Predicts systems like lasers, magnetic alignments, or quantum coherence as examples of entropy reduction without permanent stabilization.
• Cyclic Energy Dynamics:
• Predicts periodic entropy resets through black hole evaporation and large-scale energy redistribution.
3. Reinterpretation of Motion:
• Predicts observable motion as an emergent consequence of energy transitions and redistributions.
5. Non-Predictions
1. Standard Model Forces:
• Does not yet incorporate the behaviors of electromagnetic, weak, or strong forces.
2. Dark Energy and Dark Matter:
• While consistent with these phenomena, the framework does not yet provide specific mechanisms for their origins.
6. Inconsistencies and Open Questions
1. Entropy Behavior in Temporary Systems:
• Systems like lasers reduce entropy without stabilization, challenging the idea that entropy decreases always involve mass-energy stabilization.
2. Entropy Growth Over Cycles:
• How does global entropy evolve over successive cycles? Does the framework fully avoid long-term entropy growth?
3. Observational Evidence:
• Can the predicted resets and localized entropy decreases be observed directly?
7. Solutions to Longstanding Problems
1. Black Hole Information Paradox:
• Resolves the paradox by showing that black hole evaporation redistributes energy and entropy probabilistically, preserving information.
2. Time and Gravity:
• Reinterprets time and gravity as emergent phenomena linked to energy transitions and potential energy gradients, unifying their behaviors.
3. Avoids Singularities:
• Treats singularities as artifacts of spacetime-based models, with energy dynamics remaining finite and cyclic.
4. Entropy Dynamics:
• Explains localized entropy decreases in star formation, lasers, and black holes, while preserving global entropy increases.
Next Steps: Temporary Stabilization
Let’s now expand our analysis of temporary stabilization systems, focusing on examples like coherent waves, magnetic field alignments, and quantum synchronization.
A. Coherent Plasma Waves
• Plasma oscillates in a coherent, ordered wave pattern due to magnetic or electric fields.
• Energy becomes aligned temporarily, reducing entropy locally before returning to a diffuse state.
B. Magnetic Field Alignments
• Charged particles in a diffuse plasma align along magnetic fields, reducing randomness and entropy in the process.
• Over time, field dissipation or particle collisions increase entropy globally.
C. Quantum Coherence in Cold Atoms
• Cold atoms form Bose-Einstein condensates, aligning quantum states and reducing entropy temporarily.
• As coherence dissipates due to heating or interactions, entropy increases.
Would you like to:
1. Refine any part of the revised summary?
2. Explore one of these temporary stabilization systems in depth?
3. Focus on building mathematical models or gathering observational evidence?
I am trying to develop an energy-centric model of the universe. Would you be willing to assist me in this?
P.S.
I am working with the Ehvon AI to develop my energy-centric model of the universe. There is a lot a more too it than the bit I copied. If you'd be willing to help me, I can attach my academic email and share the entire discussion.
P.P.S. There is more to the discussion, and I think maybe some of the challenges were answered. But the AI overloaded a few times this morning when I asked it to summarize our framework, which I think caused some problems.
ai is thr biggest and most dangerous propaganda machine ever built. go ahead let it influence every aspect of your life.
Seems there is no problem in physics that cannot be solved by postulating the existence of a magical field that only existed for a moment in the past.
@@Tom_Quixote that field theory. Five hundred years ago the explanations would include angels. Lol
Your name is appropriate.
Mine means farmer.
In the end Terry Pratchett would have been right all along.
It isn't magical, it is god's blessing. And of course it is and the devil's blessing because we have now and a dark B.B.
@@edwardlulofs444 The problem with that analogon being that Field Theory actually works for the electroweak and the strong force, while angels never did anything meaningful except standing in the way or uttering messages. But that's angels for you, from Ancient Greek angelos = messenger.
@@user-dialectic-scietist1 You know we only currently call it "dark" because we don't yet know what it is, right? And the galaxy would fall apart if we didn't have it; it's not evil matter. There's no reason to bring demons into it.
"Tim", aka
"The Introduction of Matter"
Sabine is a genius.
The Alternative Matter.
Double big-bang creates Tim-Tam.
(Aussies measure anything by its potential to garner more Tim-Tams.)
Well, not exactly since she used it to refer to a field which decays into dark mater *after* all the normal matter exists. So there is already matter before Tim's phase transition.
I thought Tim was a crusader-eating bunny....
I stand corrected.
@@chaunceyfeatherstone6209 Tim is the Enchanter. The bunny is "The Killer Rabbit of Caerbannog". The Cave of Caerbannog is the nickname of Tomnadashan Mine. And thus ends today's physics lesson. :)
"What manner of man are you who can summin up fire without flint or tinder?"
_"I... am an enchanter."_
"By what name are you known?"
*_"There are those who call me..._*_ Tim."_
Summoning fire is actually not far off.
It's time for something completely different...
@@peterg76yt Heavy elements capable of chemical oxidization came much later
I immediately thought of this scene too. Sabine even seemed to put a pause before the name like John Cleese did, only shorter.
@@JanoTuotanto Tim made do with what he had.
The Origin of Dark Matter? Turns out, it’s just all the missing socks from the dryer.
Oh, man, I needed that. Thanks! 😁
Tim wants his socks back.
Al Bundy knew this before the rest of us
Love your sense of humor 👍
@@SpectralDarko Al Bundy and Newton are sadly misunderstood.
What's most funny about all this is that, if things continue progressing as they are, the very name _"Big Bang"_ might ultimately become the derogatory scoff it was originally intended to be!
Fred Hoyle approves of this comment!
@@danieloberhofer9035 😉
@@pcbacklash_3261 lame
@@pcbacklash_3261 pur Universe came out of a black hole. We are inside. The end of the Universe might be the 2D holgraph of our 3D world with matter as relative Geisbauer kondensat. Check the theory of continuity for a clean Description about the true essence of time.🌺
@@pcbacklash_3261 no the Big Bang is Happening still. Right now. Inlay obe Moment existiert and the bieder of a Universe is the Südsee of a white hole.❤️🌺👌
Maybe it had 3.14159 big bangs
the universe was created with pie
3.1415926
@@Jedbullet29 ....mmmmm, pie
How does 0.14 of a Big Bang work?
@@mark314158it's just a piece of pie.
In response to a comment below, I have just created a hypothesis of Dark Sarcasm. It can't be measured, but you still know it's there. I will be developing it into a fully fleshed-out Theory with the requisite maths and withering criticism of those who question it. Teacher leave them kids alone.
Just another brick in the wall...
You'll need Dark Sarcasm field theory as well.
That sounds like a good candidate for the explanation of Dark Energy, doesn't it?
No Dark Sarcasn in the classroom!!
Sabine makes particle physicists sound like medical physicians 1000 or 2000 years ago. They didn’t understand how health worked, so they made stuff up to explain it and hoped no one could call their bluff. Maybe in 1000 years, we’ll have a good laugh about what people believed.
I am pretty sure they are going to be calling us stupid.
Maybe in 1000 years, we’ll still be debating and expanding String Theory... it won't be provable then either.
It wasn't too long ago that phlogiston and aether were making the rounds. Even Liebnitz had his weird monadology acid trip nonsense
I’m laughing now!😂
Why wait 1000 years, you can do so already!
What if, like, there was a Small Bang. I mean why must they all be big?
It may have been a squelch but that's not hyperbolic enough for Americana.
Because it's a Bang. If it was not big, it should be pop, so the Small Pop.
@@channel4me434 That makes sense.
That was the first bang back then, the Top 1 in size, and the name stuck.
@@channel4me434
But what a bout a "Kaboom", there supposedly could be an earth-shattering kaboom
And a Kaboom is bigger than a Bang
Perhaps also rename the Inflaton Field to SpaceTim.
I believe the technical formulation would then be:
If Tim and SpaceTim were in a singularity, and Tim fell out, which way is left?
I used to dial TIM to get the time...
O mighty Tim, where may we find the Holy Grail of physics?
cant wait to hear about TIM on the next TED
This is how Tim works? ruclips.net/video/WObQK2vunAk/видео.htmlsi=Hwie7y9iwXCoxcXH
Is that what the SpaceTim continuum is?
1:36 "beep beep, your cosmos is ready" 🤣
The Big Ping
The odds of that are ‘one over infinity’.
Are they just throwing maths on the whiteboard to see what sticks?
Probably and that is a horrible way to do so
That exactly what she is saying. If it fits it fits
A good metaphor.
If Sabine is right then it is worse than that [see what sticks]. They are designing experiments will not stick, in essence planning to fail and call it progress. But that is just my guess.
😂 😂 😂
Watching Sabine Sarcasm Hossenfelder's videos always put a smile on my face. 😊
awww. such a missed opportunity for a little clip cameo of Tim the Wizard from the search for the holy grail
Copyright issues... 😁
@@stevesmodelbuilds5473 it’s covered under fire use
I would name it Ralph, cause it's like that oddball coworker that gets things done, but nobody interacts with. You can find him standing by the punch bowl at the office Christmas party getting juiced with the holiday spirits and staring at the floor.
Sounds personal
I think that for the sake of clarity we need to divide this up into big, medium and little bangs. That should sort things out. Can I have my Nobel Prize now, please?
It’s not a “new” “Theory” .. it’s a “Hypothesis” until proven and confirmed empirically and experimentally …
That's my thought as well when I read the video title.
I really wish the layman term "Theory" would be phased out, all it does is cause confusion.
In Layman terms, Theory means the same as Hypothesis does in scientific terms.
The "Dark Big Bang"? Really? Another fancy theory for dark matter’s mysterious origins-because the regular Big Bang wasn’t confusing enough. It’s like saying the universe threw a second party just for dark matter. Sounds clever, but without evidence, it’s just more cosmic guesswork we’ll probably never confirm.
It would be an hypothesis if it was part of an experiment, which it is not. They usually are questions too.
It's the thesis or silver lining running under the research.
Theory is the right word here imo. It's more like a general explanation of something already known. It's the big picture of something more complex.
I don't think the difference is about something being proven, it never was thought that way. Einstein's theory of general relativity was a theory from the get go. They made hypothesis based on it to try an confirm or infirm it, but it would still have been a theory if it was wrong. Same with String theory, it's a theory despite not being able to be even experimented.
@@OneLine122 According to the dictionary:
"A scientific theory is an explanation of an aspect of the natural world and universe that can be (or a fortiori, that has been) repeatedly tested and corroborated in accordance with the scientific method, using accepted protocols of observation, measurement, and evaluation of results."
General Relativity is a theory because it has been rigorously tested and fits most of our observations. A theory does not have to be 100% conclusively proven, that is a Scientific Law, but it has to be tested.
in Laymans term, a theory is just an idea. A hypothesis so to speak.
"I have a theory that the moon is hollow and is actually a space ship for aliens"
This is also why so many stupid people say: Evolution is just a theory, it is not proven.
Yeah cause they do not understand how scientific theories work.
Are you making these videos just for me? I'm reading "Existential Physics" and just finished chapter 2 that discusses some of the various Big Bang models - Inflation, etc. I hope tomorrow's video will provide additional information about chapter 3.
Excellent book.
Frequency fallacy
So....in the Nightmare Scenario 'dark matter' is actually invisible matter, but nobody wants to call it that because it would sound like Magic.
Invisible and intangible.
Rational thinking humans simply call it "Jesus Christ".
@@gozardsmooth Religion doesn't explain anything. It just adds more assumptions, many of which are already proven false.
@@Miranox2 how does that differ from modern Physics? are you a bigot? Your attitudes against religion are evidence of this.
Except it should still interact via gravity in predictable ways. There are plenty of things we only detected via "light" so far - why would a gravity-only detection be any less valid?
Thank you, Sabine Hossenfelder. When I saw the title, I was alarmed. When I heard the explanation, I was not only eased of my alarm, but pleased with the thought that this theory of a "dark Big Bang" is simply another of those unnecessary theories that those who are not you invent, unnecessarily.
I am so glad that you decided to go into teaching on a world-wide Internet basis.
Tim after the Enchanter from Monty Python?
Vince Ebert once said: "If I claim, there beer in the fridge and go to check if thats true, thats some sort of science. If I don't find beer in the fridge, close it and still claim there's beer in the fridge, its esothericism." This seems to be a way of modern physics. Claim the existence, search for it, don't find it, still claim it's existence. "The beer must be so small, I can't see it."
Dark Beer, I presume, so we can exclude lagers from the fridge. Must be Stouts in there.
ARTHUR: Knights! Forward!
[boom boom boom boom BOOM boom boom boom boom]
What manner of man are you that can summon up fire without flint
or tinder?
TIM: I... am an enchanter.
ARTHUR: By what name are you known?
TIM: There are some who call me... Tim?
ARTHUR: Greetings, Tim the Enchanter.
TIM: Greetings, King Arthur!
ARTHUR: You know my name?
TIM: I do.
[zoosh]
You seek the Holy Grail!
ARTHUR: That is our quest. You know much that is hidden, O Tim.
TIM: Quite.
[pweeng boom]
[clap clap clap]
1. Professor Palmer from Oxford will be enthusiastic about this video.😅
2. Thanks for another great video, though you did two yesterday. Somewhat more than a year ago, you answered to another commenter who wished for a universe with daily Sabine vidoes, that would be one in that you never sleep. I hope you found a work flow and good team, that allows you to find sleep.🌺
What relation to you see to Palmer's theories? I can't quite follow. I was in the studio yesterday anyway, which is why I thought it might as well put in a comment about the Google announcement. Don't plan on making a habit out of it!
@@SabineHossenfelder The name, Dr.Sabine, the name! Since you made a music video together and some papers, I speculated that you honor him - Tim.
@@SabineHossenfelderyou’re on the internet. Nothing anybody says about anything makes any sense. Essentially the person who made that comment has heard of a word and a name and connected them. That’s it. We’re in an ocean of incoherent streams of consciousness.
@@SabineHossenfelder Not the Theories, just that his name is Tim
@@tommiest3769 Write your blabla at another place please, this thread is not connected
In the caption for the graph around 4m 21s in, the inequality for mu-squared v. m-squared seems to be the wrong way round. I hope it's just a typo....
I greatly appreciate your "dry" sense of humor and your skeptical approach to doughtful research. Please kept up
Oh for Peter’s sake. Are we physicists only supposed to keep making the universe more and more complex?
I am about ready to find something easier to understand. Like philosophy or theology!
If you think this is complicated imagine the universe that simulates our universe!
Technically they aren't making the universe more complex, they are just discovering how complex it is... If there is anything to this theory, that is.
@@whome9842 do you mean a simulation, like in a computer? Human simulations are always simpler. Or what?
@@the-answer-is-42 yes, I understand. I’m retired. That means I get tired more quickly than someone younger.
Most people ignore my senile ramblings. But thank you for engaging with me. It’s nice to know that there are other people in the world.
Lol🤪
@@edwardlulofs444 it is a joke on The Simulation Hypothesis
HI Sabine, you are one of those people who always cheer me up considerably, with your insights and humour. Many scientific presenters are a feckless lot, who are profoundly boring. Kudos Sabine.
Is it how we manipulated numbers to get good physics lab scores in school?
It seems to me that my original impression of what the fabric of space time is has slowly but surely become more common. I remember grad students laughing at me on the internet for using examples of gravity with a trampoline that was very similar to what scientists now say with a sheet of paper. More and more the word 'fabric' is getting taken more seriously, like with gravity waves. I still think that much of the data black matter is being used to explain is really the fabric of space being impacted from the other side of the fabric. Certain to get scoffed at again though...
It's almost like the universe is saying hey, I'm infinite, hence you'll never get to the bottom.
The universe makes no precondition that we understand anything.
language is a methodology that reduces to transfer data, any interpretation of the universe (this includes thought using language) will always be an approximation. Also the universe populates an antithesis to every postulation. we live inside a binary universe, re, a simulation.
I wonder if they got it backwards. Maybe normal matter is decayed dark matter. This could also explain why we can't see it. Or, maybe we are the dark matter...
Dark Matter is one of many modern day epicycles in the SM, along with Quarks and the HIggs Field + Bosons. Cosmic FUDGE!
At first neutrinos was a fudge too.
@@ThomasPalm-w5y .. Arguably they still are as they have so many different energy values and now flavours and are not directly detectable. Quarks are completely undetectable and Higgs Boson is uncorroborated by another device.
You can not detect free quarks nor gluons because they quickly bound into mesons and baryons. But those last can be measured. The higgs also decays quickly into other SM particles and most of those are the ones that reach the detectors.
@@vin9235 .. Fudge and the experimental results are fudged by changing the definitions to fit the results that prove nothing, but are used as marketing to justify the abject, practically useless money wastage. Please explain the usefulness of Neutrinos, Quarks, Higgs, Dark Matter, Dark Energy? Don't just say 'without them there wouldn't be anything' because they're inadequately proven beyond all reasonable doubt. Protons, neutrons, electrons exist, along with their antimatter partners. Neutrons are Protons with a suborbital electron, as proper experiments prove. Beta+ 'decay' is a new electron-positron pair formed near a proton with the electron retained and positron repelled. Beta- is a neutron losing its 'suborbital' electron. Quarks a nonsense.
If epicycles aren’t working you’re simply not using enough epicycles
When the physicists came op with that name for the Dark Matter creation field, they yelled "High Phi" and clashed hands.
The origin of dark matter is Nibbler.
"What is thy name, great cosmic field?"
"There are those who call me... Tim?"
I kind of get the feeling that you're not really a fan of the big double-bang? ;-)
Seriously though: It appears that if you zoom in far enough to quarks and smaller, you end up looking at pure energy. So my mind instantly produced an image of an evaporating drop of salt water, where, once the salt concentration is too high, salt crystals form. Can that be used as an extremely simplified example (or rather, inverse example) for how the first matter may have come to be?
If it's making sense for you, it is already in use.
Maybe it's like a torus, like the shape of electromagnetism. Maybe what we call the big bang is just a moving horizon of our observable universe, and expansion is what we see as our frame of reference moves towards the "equator", and perhaps if we're alive to be at the other side as a species, maybe we see the universe contact again, as it moves away from this hypothetical equator.
Maybe we eventually pass through the donut hole and wrap back around the top side.
No bangs. Not one or two. There is no justification to believe that there was a beginning. Some things are always already there. Not all things have a beginning because some things were always already there.
The cmbr pretty much proves the big bang tho .
@@edh9746 its just a theorie with our flawed math and understanding. The James Web Telescope proved that the Big Bang is bullshit, but no one cares.
My microwave has an auto-reheat feature: 1-dinner, 2-soup, 3-new universe.
If mass is a peak in some kind of higgs field, couldnt dark matter be other parts of that field that arent peaking in such a way to produce normal matter?
There is no Higgs field, it is just Jesus.
@@gozardsmooth Ok, so, if mass is a peak in some kind of Jesus, couldn't dark matter be other parts of that Messiah that aren't peaking in such a way to produce normal matter?
@@user-sl6gn1ss8p he's not the Messiah, he's a very naughty boy!
@@user-sl6gn1ss8p It is irrelevant. The truth is that your lies are no different than the lies of the religious. The only difference is that you want to murder babies. It is very simple. Even if you get your "Scientific" answers to the "religious" questions, it does not change the fact that you are a supporter of the murdering of babies. To support your false truth.
@@user-sl6gn1ss8p
I'd rather not think about what part of Jesus peaks to give rise to matter.
"Beep, beep, your cosmos is ready." Finally a simplification I can wrap my head around.
I am compelled to point out that nobody has directly observed the dark matter and it may not exist. Yes, I know about the evidence. But there was a time when we thought light propagated in aether.
We know!!
And at the time, given all the evidence available then, it was not unreasonable to believe the aether. It is similar with dark matter now. Except that actually figuring out the true nature of it may not be feasible.
However, I would like to point out that the only reason we have these hypotheses is because we observed *something*. We see that galaxies act as if there is more mass in them than we would assume them to have and attributed that difference to dark matter, whatever that really is.
So, if you define dark matter as just "the stuff that makes our gravity calculations work out", it's very clearly real.
the only thing we know for sure is that we are not sure about anything.
@@Alice_Fumo so the theory of gravity we have works perfectly for satellites and exploring the entire solar system. Then we make observations of galaxies accross the universe with highly sensitive instruments with dozens to hundreds of parts and settings that effect the results, observing photons we believe are billions of years old, and when those observations don't match our working theory of gravity you think it makes sense to blame the theory and not the observations? It seems far more likely the discrepancy in galaxy observations and our theory of gravity is evidence of phenomena relating to photons aging/traveling long distances or even a software bug in the computer programs that actually operate on the raw data.
@@DevilsAdvocate_HigherThanU That's incredibly naive to say the least.
Two big bangs? Now physics has officially jumped the shark. Even Nature magazine will likely hesitate to admit a fudge factor of that magnitude. More seriously I like the idea of our universe being a white hole of a black hole in a parent universe. Then the information in our universe may be holographically encoded in the event horizon. And our big bang being the initial formation of that black/white hole.
"beep beep your cosmos is ready" 😆
Finally! I'm really hungry, my stomach already feels like a black hole.
Sabine’s videos are worthwhile if only to hear her say “Einstein”.
Stereo?
Stereo dark matter coming up next!
@@SabineHossenfelder Could you please address my question about your recent video on "new physics"? With all due respect, the title of this video is very misleading and constitutes clickbait. It reads "A New Physics Breakthrough Could Change Everything," but based on its content, it should read "A New Physics Breakthrough Will Likely Change Nothing." As you point out, most of the possibilities for new physics are unlikely to lead to applications, so the "could change everything" phrasing is hyperbolic and misleading. If, as your video's content largely implies, a new physics breakthrough is unlikely to lead to practical applications let alone "change everything", then why are you so concerned about the alleged stagnation in the foundations of physics?
@@tommiest3769 But you can't make money that way...
“There are some who call [it] Tim.”
Physically speaking, the “big bang” wouldn’t make a sound, because there was no matter to carry the sound waves. The creation of matter at least has the possibility of being a “bang”. Creation of dark matter also has the potential of causing a “bang”, but that’s less likely.
I still think its weird that we are gripping onto an idea like The Big Bang theory when for 1. It was developed by a catholic priest and
2. Sine Wave theory solves the problem of entropy and the fact that all bodies of matter have to undergo some sort of transference event (death) in order for nature to continue.
3. Doesnt make sense to understand time as linear, when its not. It works more like a tree than it does like a drag car track. The big bang probably isnt anything more than an illusion that we only see because thats how the 4d looks when its in 3d. Its like try explaining a cube to someone who only knows what a cross is.
But yet, even things you know, when "folded" can become higher dimensional realities... Just like how the cube unfolds into a 6 segment cross, so does time unfold from the Singularity
I like imagining how many people there must be in the world who have an irrational fear that one day Sabine Hossenfelder will walk into their lab and be like "WTF are you guys DOING in here???"
Hawkins said it himself: "Philosophy is dead."
What he meant is that the mathematicians have invaded the domain of philosophy and are now controlling a substantial part of that region. We are observing the results in real time.
Since Viagra, left hemispheres have been insatiable.
2:45 Yes, they didn't find anything, and yes it is progress. If I'm just publishing youtube videos and bayesian analyses I would be more reflective before criticizing experimental work of this scope.
There wasn't a big bang, nor a second bang. Sorry.
Then ghost hunters are making progress?
@@ravenmad9225 Yes. In older times ghosts might've been a very plausible hypothesis to explain some observed phenomena. Then as we experiment (search for ghosts) and collect data and evidence (not finding ghosts) we can be increasingly certain that they, in fact, don't exist, and redirect effort and funding elsewhere. Ghosts were not found, and progress was made. Moronic, snarky attitudes and lack of understanding of basic hypothesis testing like this is the reason academia is a total joke these days.
I love your humor, Sabine.
New Proposal of Theorhetical Physics:
1. Link Between Quantum Physics and Classical Physics.
2. The universe in which we experience the laws of clasical physics, are created from the physics of multiple quantum universe's vibrational constant that coalesce into harmonic resonance. This harmonic resonance happens at a frequency beyond the speed of light that from our perspective, appears to be constant.
3. With the completion of the gravity wave cosmological map of the universe, the search for Tachyon particles, and the completion of the Future Circular Collider (FCC), a new sensor can be constructed to detect different quantum universe's vibrational oscillations which will allow us to find the harmonic resonance at which quantum physics transitions into classical physics.
4. Now give me lots and lots of money-- I mean funding. 😆
5. In case you didn't get it by now, I was kidding.
I love your work Sabine. Almost every vid you do makes me laugh. Keep up the great work.
My last comment was deleted! Here we go again! When I was at Uni I was asked if I believed in the Big bang theory. So after some research, at the Library, I agreed with the theory. I was then asked what I thought Dark Matter was? I came up with two theories. A second and/or multiple Big bangs. Each one creating matter locked in a different or alternate time. If you imagine our universe as the second Bang there would be a whole universe existing just before ours in space. The gravity of the matter in the earlier universe can be felt by our universe and maybe vice versa. This could be dark matter which would be completely undectable because it's been and gone so to speak. It is always just ahead of us. The other theory was that there was one Big bang but matter became locked ( Quarks into Protons, Neutrons & Electrons locked in a time period ). So we have 5 or 6 % of the Quarks used up to make one universe then maybe another 5 or 6 % for another universe and so on. Same as before. Each universe exists close to each other but not existing in the same time. Only the gravitational effects of the matter in the separate universes can be felt. This as before would be Dark matter. We could be or have a Shadow Universe. Cheers from Downunder.
1:34 "Beep beep, your cosmos is ready" 🤣
We've had one, yes. But what about second b̶r̶e̶a̶k̶f̶a̶s̶t̶ big bang?
I don't think she knows about second big bang, jacobjacob.
@@VoodooMcVee What about eternal inflation? Steady-state universe? Oscillating universe? Multiverse? Hologram? She knows about them, doesn't she?
Ha! Immediately got the lotr reference 😃.
@@jacobjacob5735 Yes, but doesn't make as much money talking about that.
Two comments:
1) Reheating is the process by which the inflaton decays into the Standard Model (SM) particles. As the inflaton energy is converted into radiation, the hot Big Bang starts (see e.g. arXiv 0811.3919 towards the end of page 17). I'm just trying to say that nowadays people refer to the origin of spacetime as the Big Bang, while the previous Big Bang theory, afflicted with the horizon and flatness problems (which inflation solves), is currently referred to as the hot Big Bang. In other words, the hot Big Bang is the origin of the Universe when its contents are already given by the SM particles.
2) The fact that "the strategy of theory development that theoretical physicists have used for decades has never worked before" (a statement ) does not imply that "and therefore it will never work". I will concede that this trend in how research is done is harmful to science. The reasons for this are varied, but perhaps most importantly is the criteria of funding bodies to give grants. The more papers published the better, so of course scientists will try to publish as much as possible so that they can continue to do research. You paint it, however, as if the greedy scientists are at fault. In any case, this can be your opinion, but I think it would be more constructive to propose alternative ways of conducting research that you believe to be better. I also think it would be more constructive to analyze the root of the problem regarding the current publishing trends, rather than giving oversweeping and generalizing statements. I guess that won't bring you as many views, though.
When you want to, you are a great science communicator. In many of your videos, you manage to explain complicated concepts for non-scientists, in a way that rigor isn't lost. However, the way you portray academia I think damages science. It very easily feeds into the pseudoscientific narrative which sees scientists as an elite in their ivory towers wasting all the taxpayer money. You have a point, but the subtleties matter.
Why does measuring everything matter so much if we don't even know what a measurement is at the end of the day?
Because the results still have practical meaning consequences?
Are words - not measurements - also ?
A few times I've noticed a dark cloud in the view field which sometimes spreads out until it disappears behind the head and sometimes waves in there until it fakes away. Focusing on it is not possible. Every time i turn the eyes to focus on it it moves on the side. It might be a health issue. So they better watch out.
I'm about to turn 50, and I'd love to see a REAL revolution in physics. But I'm slowly losing hope 🙁
So young and so desparate. I'm 69 and working on it.
I think that I can help you to see your dream. There is a book - "Theory of Everything in Physics and the Universe" You can see it now, but probably to be implemented will be necessary another 100 years. "They" are well entrenched!
I like to imagine that Black Holes play similar roles as mushrooms do throughout the forest floor. Where they breakdown, convert & recycle matter that is around them. I wonder if black holes can transfer matter in gas form to far away regions in space?
Physicists: hey you know that thing we've never measured, dark matter?
Us: yeah?
Physicists: well maybe it had a big bang
Us: how will you know?
Physicists: we'll, uh, try to measure it.
Yeah, well, the problem is that we have good reasons to think it exists, but no clue of what it is.
What are we supposed to do, other than taking shots in the dark and hoping that at least it will help us rule out one more direction ? Sure, it may be a hopeless process, but what do you suggest, that we just forget about it, and we wait until we eventually get a clue from another field of research ? And what if this clue never comes ?
Given the microwave background radiation, how can we be sure everything originated from a very dense something just because the universe is expanding right now? Is that extrapolating into the past? How would you know the earth is not flat when you're an ant? I'm still annoyed at how confident scientists make such claims that are just impossible to verify.
I personally believe the observable universe appeared to have originated in a big bang because it did, but it is much older and much larger outside that than we will ever know.
Ive heard of another theory that the expanding universe is a bogus, because redshift is not caused by expansion but rather energy loss of light travelling longer distances. The energy loss would also result dark matter. I wonder if it could be the other way around, that is dark matter being the primal matter, not limited to speed of light, decaying into light while losing energy.
It's very possible that what we call the universe and the expansion and contraction of it is actually just one minuscule little bubble of expanding and Contracting material in a much much larger universe filled with such tiny little bubbles.
So the Univers is like Alka Seltzer. Taking Notes.
I need a hefty research grant for a deep-dive study to finally answer the question that is no doubt on everyone's mind at this stage. And that question is of course;
"HOW LONG have theoretical physicists and cosmologists been just making shit up in order to preserve their situations?"
Definitely should have called it Tim, after the enchanter in Monty Python's Holy Grail, since this thing would be a holy grail of sorts in physics.
Dark matter and dark energy always remind me of the ether theory in the 19th century, which was invented to explain something which was not yet understood, and later became obsolete.
Calvin of Calvin & Hobbes called it "The Horrendous Space Kablooie" I've always liked that better than big bang.
There isn't a creation of the universe, it was the creation of "reality", which is the framework in which any observable or measurable phenomenon can occur.
i grew up with a radio always playing in the background, my younger kids are growing up with podcasts playing in their background. what a time ✌️
This video gives a new meaning to the phrase "dark humor."
Is it possible that the universe, either today or at some earlier stage in its evolution, exhibited the physical properties of a black hole or could be considered as one?
I stopped myself from making an inappropriate joke about multiple bangs.
You’re the best science communicator, Sabine! Thank you!
@5:24 - Cacoethes Scribendi.
I also have worked up a theory of the initial universe state, but I utilize what I've dubbed an "Unquark" (as good a name as 'Tim'?) with different properties than the Inflaton. And I forgo Dark Matter and a singularity.
I'm working on uniting the two now for my ArXiv paper... I'm calling it the 'Big Pop'.
Sabine is a refreshingly cold bucket of common sense tipped over many of the half-baked theories proposed for the purposes of obtaining or maintaining a supply of grant money.
We need to go back to 1/r² and the three dimensional physics of the Inverse Square Law.
"There are some who call me.....Tim"
I'm glad to see that Sabine is a Monty-Python fan🎉
You should be able to detect interference patterns in the primordial gravity waves if their temporal and physical points of origin differ from each other.
I'm convinced that dark matter inside a black hole reduces the density of the singularity, even if it seems impossible on the surface (pun).
I love her unique and independent perspective.
Not that I always agree.
"One over infinity is zero."👍
A problem I have with the Big Bang. Say you observe a train travelling Eastward for an hour at 60mph, and it's now passing a given point. Where was the train a week ago?
The Origin of Matter is obviously A Tom Field.
Second, further to the North, I was worried the side-part might tame the unruly fluff into a staid, grandmotherly bob, but I'm glad to see the Kramer-ian chaos can still be conjured.
Third, if an inflaton field has the same value everywhere and everywhere is a singularity (i.e. nowhere), how does a potential exist?
I think that the only thing there’s only one of is the universe itself - that one and only perpetual motion machine within which no additional PMMs can be nested - fueled by countless big bangs in succession. I never argue this point however, because I could never afford higher education. It’s merely my own personal hypothesis that keeps me from running naked and screaming down the street.
P.S. A cold universe without energy or matter is problematic for me as it introduces time as a fundamental driver.
Maybe we have time and dark time.
I don’t always agree with Sabine, but when I do, she’s so right! This is one of those occasions 😊
I wonder, why could there not have been a big bang in an already existing universe? This big bang explosion pushed mostly the old matter away, kept some here, and with the new we got the new matter of which we exist. In other words the universe might be much larger and this could explain the galaxies being older than 13.7 billion years.
Because universe means all space and matter considered as a whole; the cosmos
If there's a different universe that's directly connected to ours then they both count as a single universe by definition, since the definition is all space
I said in an already existing universe, not a different universe.
@@Storin_of_Kel my point still stands
If there is more spacetime around our spacetime then it's all one universe by definition since universe means all space
@@drsatan9617 but it still does not answer my question.
Are you American by any chance?
"Beep Beep, your cosmos is ready." LOL! 🤣
I briefly misread the title as Two Big Bongs.
Lol😭👍🤣
Sounds about right. It was Merry and Pippin setting off Gandalf's rockets...
Interesting how much time and effort physicists spend on their imagination.
Given that, as you said, this has nothing to do with the actual Big Bang, I humbly suggest "tenebrogenesis" as both a much cooler _and_ more accurate term for this hypothesis. 🙃
As a physicist who seriously doubts the existence of Dark Matter--SH favors MOND--it is not surprising that she doubts evidence for its beginning will be found in gravity waves.. Or maybe she doesn't want such evidence to be found preferring to encourage other research in unrelated areas. But whether this conjecture is true, it is certain that her 100% certainty based on a preferred philosophy of science is not an empirical judgement. It is merely a personal preference.
Those theorists can claim there are two Santas with the same zero fear of confirmation or falsification.
Sabine "Infinity just means we don't know what is going on.."
Sabine "There are inifinitely many such ideas... 1/Infinity = 0..."
ME "so the equation is... "1/We don't know what's going on = 0/0 so... WDKWGO = 0""
Therefore, we absolutely DO know everything? SEE, I can do math too! Where's MY grant money?
(Ya, my math is probably wrong. UNDEFINED you say? What's perfect math got to do with modern Physics? I don't need to PROVE I'm right, just that I can't prove that I'm wrong...)