A new pathway for tornadogenesis exposed by numerical simulations of supercells in turbulent...
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- Опубликовано: 15 ноя 2023
- A new pathway for tornadogenesis exposed by numerical simulations of supercells in turbulent environments
Paul Markowski, Penn State University
Abstract:
A simulation of a supercell storm produced for a prior study on tornado predictability is reanalyzed for the purpose of examining the finescale details of tornadogenesis. It is found that the formation of a tornado-like vortex in the simulation differs from how such vortices have been understood to form in previous numerical simulations. The main difference between the present simulation and past ones is the inclusion of a turbulent boundary layer in the storm's environment in the present case, whereas prior simulations have used a laminar boundary layer. The turbulent environment contains significant near-surface vertical vorticity, organized in the form of longitudinal streaks aligned with the southerly ground-relative winds. The ζ streaks are associated with corrugations in the vertical plane in the predominantly horizontal, westward-pointing environmental vortex lines; the vortex-line corrugations are produced by the vertical drafts associated with coherent turbulent structures aligned with the aforementioned southerly ground-relative winds (longitudinal coherent structures in the surface layer such as these are well-known to the boundary layer and turbulence communities). The ζ streaks serve as focal points for tornadogenesis, and may actually facilitate tornadogenesis, given how near-surface ζ in the environment can rapidly amplify when subjected to the strong, persistent convergence beneath a supercell updraft. 
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I dont understand a lot of this, but it is still very interesting to watch.
It's complete nonsense. There is nothing here to be understood.
I have seen this as a radar tech before and my friend told me I was crazy and that nobody can see that much detail. But I swear you sometimes can see these small eddy currents and when they collide with the gust front at the wrong angle they get snuffed out but there's a certain angle that I can tell the collision is going to kick off a tornado! Vindication!
If they dropped a chaff like material into a storm would it maybe help track a storms winds more accurately on a few mobile radars vs just the precipitation, or would that just screw up everyone’s radar for days and not really help lol?
@@alexburke1899would be impossible to get the right placement and the amount of chaff would be mind-blowing. Your idea has been done only it was not physically done, but rather in a supercomputer. You can find it in Pecos Hanks video library. They add streamers instead of chaff. Great idea though. I like the way you think
Very interesting video! Thanks for sharing!
Absolutely great talk! I have a few questions and things I noticed in the simulations.
1. Depends the lack of horizontal vorticity on the cool side of the gustfront in the STORM9 simulation only on the slower ground relative wind? I would assume the warmer coldpool should lower the amount of baroclinicly generated vorticity as well, which would also result in less horizontal vorticity.
2. It's a bit hard to tell but to me it seems like the TLV from STORM9 is very close to the edge of the gustfront, while in C20 the TLV seems to be a bit deeper in the cold air. Also the RFD seems to have more turbulence and surges in C20 and reaches further east than in STORM9. Does this also appear in the other simulations with strong TLVs?
If so, it may be something to look for in real storms to distinguish between the classic and the boundary layer turbulence tornado formation, if both occur in reality.
at 25:00 I see that pattern on the bottom of my stockpot, every time I boil water, and I can see little "tornadoes" being generated, as the vorticity becomes tilted upwards by the convection. If the light is shining just right, it creates a schlieren like effect that highlights the tiny vortices swirling along. It's interesting that the same physics that occur in one fluid, also occur in another!
Regarding the frictional component: Is it possible that, where we see the path of an EF2 or EF3 enter into a developed urban enviroment, the rapid intensification into an EF4 or even an EF5 results from the established vortex being intensified by the suddenly increased friction with obsticles (houses, different ground surfaces), etc?
That's the opposite of what should happen with friction
@@hime273 It may be opposite of what you would intuitively expect tp happen - but he did say that a frictional ground component causes an increase in the strength of the vortex. And, I've noted that in many cases these storms seem to greatly intensify at the moment they enter a populated area.
your reflectivity band chart looks like a black hole eating up a star , you do realise that right ? same winds exist in space basically on a never ending scale but none the less a scale in all directions at the same time like water droping into water and waves upon waves in all directions at the same time , however looks just like a blackhole eating a star
45:41 I believe I see this all the time when I am out chasing. The tornado seems to form away from the lowering.
Sorry for my ignorance or if this is a stupid question just trying to understand better. Is there anything going on above the storm powering it or creating energy or is it all from below?
get lost bot.go practice your ai somewhere else.
put simply, yes.
gravity can play a role too
magnetisim and eletrical potential.
for example, is there metals in the air during the storm.
The jet stream is almost always raging very powerfully at the tops of these supercells that produce the worst tornadoes, and this powerful jet stream is one of the key ingredients to help give these storms such unusually strong updrafts. But the jet stream can't make a tornado by itself; there must also be enough warm moist air present near the surface in order to be able to create a decent thunderstorm. Then if that thunderstorm can get well established and start tapping into all that jet stream energy higher up, then it can become a supercell- a rotating thunderstorm. And then, if the powerful updraft of the thunderstorm can grab one of these smaller vortices that are close to the ground as shown in this video, the vortex that becomes dominant can become vertical, get stretched out and amplified, and then be turned into a bonified tornado.
What do you mean with "above or below the storm?" Or what do you call "the storm"? Below the tornado is only geology, so that question doesn't make sense. The supercell reaches into the stratosphere, which has only some minor effects. Everything that makes tornadoes happens in the troposphere, including the jetstream. Maybe more interesting would be talking about the mesocyclone, the rotating column of air that might spawn one or more tornados (but most of the time produce none). This one spans only about 3 km in altitude, is 2 - 6 km wide and yes, it gets its power from all sides, it has a inner rotating part and an outer part that blends the rotating winds into the environment around it. Mesocyclones form by wind shear, the difference between the low-level and up-level winds, which gets bend upwards by updraft. Think about it maybe as a natural steam engine, because the physical phenomena acting there are the same: The usable power comes from the differences between hot and cold, low and high-pressure, condensed water (clouds, rain, hail) or steam (moisture). But there are no solid walls/cylinders that constrain it, only air. Hot moist air goes in, cold air filled with condensed water come out, and all that power that is generated is turned into work to make air move faster.
@@HeyChickens
HC:
The jet stream is almost always raging very powerfully at the tops of these supercells that produce the worst tornadoes, and this powerful jet stream is one of the key ingredients to help give these storms such unusually strong updrafts.
ST:
Right. The source of the energy of all storms is jet stream.
HC:
But the jet stream can't make a tornado by itself; there must also be enough warm moist air present near the surface in order to be able to create a decent thunderstorm.
ST:
Vortices are necessary to deliver the energy that causes the supercell. All storms are caused by vortices. Sometimes the vortices grow all the way to the ground to cause a tornado.
Their hands are tied because they don't have a comprehensive understanding of water.
Unfortunately this talk is a waste of time and resources.
James McGinn / Number one expert in the world on tornadogenesis
Does the correlation of an impact on the trajectories of a magnetic field also have an effectiveness on the subject?
Anything that can BE affected by a magnetic field will also affect a magnetic field. So if a tornado were affected by a magnetic field, then it must also change the magnetic fields around it. Which would mean that we could easily detect tornadoes from very far away with great certainty using a large network of very sensitive gauss meters, so that we wouldn't have to depend on a beam of radar being reflected back by raindrops. This is certainly not the case at all. Trying to manipulate a tornado with a magnetic field would not be any more successful than trying to manipulate a paper cup with a magnet. The paper cup does not interact in any meaningful way with the magnetic field, hence it cannot be manipulated directly by a magnetic field.
@@HeyChickens
How do y'all not realize that the Nexrads are what controls these storms.
Which are literally Electromagnetic Frequency beam emitters.
Where would directed energy have to be directed to guarantee a tornado?
9:28 Leigh Orf ?
excessive negatiev buoyancy , i was in a goldylocks zone where there were no winds just per say but had been they died off and everything fell to the ground , i had though it tailed out , i had not , all of a sudden everything started floating and then everything went sideways ,
Perhaps there's a new understanding of how tornadoes develop, but there's not a new 'pathway'.
It's about time someone exposes these tornadoes. They've been getting away with this for too long. I thought the word "expose" was a strange choice in the title.
Thank you
Paul is realizing that the pieces of the puzzle of his standard theory are not fitting together very well. I'm way past that. The secret is hidden in the confusion surrounding H2O and its anomalies. Paul is starting to realize that only if some kind of superhero-like structural capability appears on the scene would his own model make sense! And it does. It literally does. In reality. Structural capabilities do emerge at exactly the right locations - along extensive moist/dry wind shear boundaries - in the form of spinning, highly polar, polymers (chains) of H2O molecules. The substance that emerges is a plasma of spinning chains of H2O molecules - a plasma of self-attracted polymers of spinning H2O molecules - which as a substance begins to encircle its flow of drier air and form into a tube. The structural properties are conserved in/with the plasma, maybe especially with respect to the laws of conservation of angular momentum associated with the spinning polymers of H2O molecules which comprise this plasma and which themselves encircle the flow where the wind shear interaction is itself conserved along the inner surface.
James McGinn / Genius / Solving Tornadoes
With varying degrees of geothermal gradient under the earth’s surface our big blue marble is essentially reaching for space. In space we have gravity waves which act like a bellow. Pushing and pulling on our atmosphere .
As dynamic as the particulars are in a thunderstorm, a storm complex moving through an environment with these conditions present may be the trigger we’re looking for. The yarn pulling up analogy is essentially the result of rising air trapped in this push / pull cycle that is happening 24/7 even when storms aren’t present.
I am about 200 years ahead of the current paradigm on tornadogenesis. Everything presented here is a waste of time and resources. Only if you have a comprehensive understanding of water do you have any chance of working out what is actually happening in a vortice.
Ok genius, present us with some evidence
@@lushy13 I present this video.
R U interested in a genuine debate?
Well aren't you super-duper special. When I see your short yellow bus out chasing storms, I'll give a wave!
@@KSparks80 You got nothing!!!