Prehistoric Trauma: Insane Injuries That Dinosaurs Survived
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- Опубликовано: 9 июн 2024
- Dinosaurs were built to take punishment, and their injuries ranged from fractured ribs to broken necks. The Mesozoic included the largest terrestrial predators ever, the megatheropods, as well as the sauropods, which were an order of magnitude larger than most elephants. In such a dangerous, titan-filled world, injuries were inevitable. This video analyzes wounds that we know dinosaurs healed from based on bone regrowth and explores what that teaches us about dinosaur immune systems, behavior, and ecology.
Thumbnail art by kepyle2055
00:00 Life Is Pain
01:05 Honorable Mentions
02:05 The Charlie Bit Me Tier
06:16 The Average Hockey Game Tier
11:54 The I Should Be Dead Tier
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REFERENCES
Evolution of nociceptors www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2780683/
Tarchia getting chomped anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ar.25205
Lee Rex getting shanked twitter.com/tylergreenfieid/status/1367218005936132104
Chinese sauropod rib fractures www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08912963.2022.2045979?journalCode=ghbi20#.Yh0NWORCkb0.facebook
Molnar 2001 (theropod paleopathology summary) archive.org/details/mesozoicvertebra0000unse/page/338/mode/2up?q=Velociraptor&view=theater
Carpenter et al. 2005: bitten Stegosaurus cervical plates, damaged thagomizers www.researchgate.net/publication/314890308_Evidence_for_Predator-_Prey_Relationships_Examples_for_Allosaurus_and_Stegosaurus
Bitten Triceratops horn www.myfossil.org/featured-fossil-triceratops-vs-tyrannosaurus/
Triceratops facial lesions www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2617760/
Bonapartesaurus pathologies ri.conicet.gov.ar/bitstream/handle/11336/183883/CONICET_Digital_Nro.4b52477e-bfb8-4c07-a18c-e0f75ba69db3_H.pdf?sequence=8&isAllowed=y
Riggs 1903 www.miketaylor.org.uk/tmp/Riggs-1903_Structure%20and%20relationships%20of%20opisthocoelian%20dinosaurs.%20Part%20I.%20Apatosaurus%20Marsh.pdf
Oviraptorid described with broken ulna www.researchgate.net/publication/270581958_An_oviraptorid_skeleton_from_the_Late_Cretaceous_of_Ukhaa_Tolgod_Mongolia_preserved_in_an_avianlike_brooding_position_over_an_oviraptorid_nest
Big Al Pathology Description osf.io/f3rh6/download/?format=pdf
Stegosaurus and Allosaurus interactions www.researchgate.net/publication/314890308_Evidence_for_Predator-_Prey_Relationships_Examples_for_Allosaurus_and_Stegosaurus
Sue’s mandibular pathologies www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0195667122002178
Sue’s fibula scanning www.researchgate.net/publication/345642185_A_comprehensive_diagnostic_approach_combining_phylogenetic_disease_bracketing_and_CT_imaging_reveals_osteomyelitis_in_a_Tyrannosaurus_rex/figures?lo=1
Edmontosaurus caudal traumatization anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ar.25078
Edmontosaurus caudal traumatization 2 doc.rero.ch/record/13850/files/PAL_E775.pdf
Tyrannosaurus tooth embedded in T. rex centrum www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3732924/
Majungasaurus caudal truncation www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1671/0272-4634%282007%2927%5B180%3APIMCTA%5D2.0.CO%3B2
Wyoming Crotch Shot gsa.confex.com/gsa/2014AM/webprogram/Paper247355.html
Wyrex clarification twitter.com/deak_michael/status/1756747506828866046?t=yUuKZwwLTOFaLjzwbrrzdg&s=19
Anne et al 2022 anatomypubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ar.25078
BHI 3033 pathologies peerj.com/articles/1130.pdf
Sorry it’s taking so long to get the videos to you. I’ve finished converting them but now I’m trying to find something that will actually allow me to send them to you since messenger and email won’t allow the file size and I can’t seem to get your address on outlook or WhatsApp. It may take a little while longer but apparently wetransfer should do it although it’ll take until tomorrow to set up. Sorry.
You missed one the allosaurus that had a healed broken jaw
Doctor:"Where exactly does it hurt?"
Allosaurus: "Yes"
Scientist really write a paper just to say that Allosaurus is HIM
Its name means different lizard. That’s because its BUILT DIFFERENT.
Allosaurus: peace was never an option
Allosaurus needs physical therapy as a genus
Allos players in dino games seems to be accurate after all
Big Al was built different
The honey badger study Takes that even a step further
@@TheVividenCan you do a video explaining game mechanics that could possibly improve certain dinosaurs in path of Titans?
I always say that Triceratops had two swords, a shield and a pair of garden shears for a face... I except some crazy stuff between them and T.rexes
The ultimate rivalry!
it was also suggested they had some porcupine spikes on their tail.
@@hcpsmansdddeglm Really? Where can I read up on that?
@@smitabhmoitra5726there are fossils of small ceratopsians found with quill like hair at the their tails, no evidences on any other ceratopsians like triceratops.
@@smitabhmoitra5726 That usted to be a thought because of the spiky, nipple like creature scales on it's back. However, the scales just looked like that
pain is temporary , glory is eternal
The fossil record must be made metal
Until you get your crotch Thagomizered by Stegosaurus tail Spike
Heard Allosaurus fragilis was named like that because of the many injured fossil individuals they found, but these guys were anything but fragile, they were true warriors able to survive the unimaginable.
They really went through the ringer!
@@TheVividen Can you do a video of pathologies like this one for other animals like tylosaurus and mosasaurus? Mirror mirror on the wall, who's the hardiest most metal animal of them all?
Stan got his brain case bitten into by another T.Rex, getting his frickin' brain matter exposed to the teeth of the most powerful carnivore to ever walk the Earth, and he _lived to tell the tale._ That's some MAD survivability
Stan didn’t hear no bell
"I can do this all day"
Nature: "Stay down, final warning"
Stan: "I can do this all day"
Laughed holy shit
Big Al: Same here. Come on!
The level of damage Dinos could take and live boggles the mind. And Rex seemed to take that to 11
True on both counts! Allosaurus was another poster child for surviving incredible amounts of damage.
Not a dinosaur, but a lot of Tylosaurus specimens also have a lot of evidence for some truly gnarly injuries that the animal survived. Pretty insane
@@mexa_t6534 you think about it modern day big cats will die from a broken fang
Prehistoric animals would have a walk in the park with such minimal damage
If you want some wild stuff, look up the Gorgosaurus “Ruth”. It had a fractured lower leg bone, damaged lower jaw, infected breast/arm bone, and multiple fractures in the ribs and other bones, likely caused by falls. Investigation of the brain case indicated that the animal had abnormal growths that were likely the result of a possibly cancerous tumor that impaired her coordination.
That's crazy!
@@TheVividen can you imagine being a wild animal living long enough to get cancer?
@ShigekiHizashi Not that hard actually. Not all cancers are age related, some are genetic flukes, pediatric cancers occurring early in life, an unpleasant after-effect of surviving certain infections, or just a genetic fluke. Granted, cancer is more common in humans and animals living in captivity, since living longer increases your odds of developing it, but it's not unheard of in wildlife
@@Amy_the_Lizard fun fact. We have evidence of bone cancer in dinosaurs and not just in ruth
@@ShigekiHizashi Yeah, I remember reading about some juvinille hadrosaur that had a pediatric bone cancer in some of the vertibrae of his tail, poor guy. I think the article said his cause of death was drowning in a flood though, so hopefully it wasn't advanced enough for him to have been in too much pain prior to that...
Oh my gosh I've actually seen Y. rex before. I was at Houston one time and I visited their museum. I remember being really confused when I saw the T. rex was missing its tail , and I was having a really hard time trying to imagine it walking without it's tail. I kind of thought it had It's tail removed after it had died by a scavenger. But the fact there's evidence that the T. rex lost its tail while it was alive and it survived, just made the species a whole lot cooler.
I love the Houston Museum! I visited there a few years ago and had a great time. And yeah, Wyrex surviving that bite is amazing.
Balancing must have been a nightmare, I imagine it walked in a slightly bent forward posture for the rest of it's life
You know it's going to be gruesome when fractured ribs are featured on the least painful cathegory.
Also, R.I.P Big Al, gone but never forgotten :'(
Big Al was the hero of our childhoods
You got that right.
Allosaurus: i will eat you
Stegosaurus: thagomizer?
Allosaurus: ..?
Stegosaurus: THAGOMIZE DEEZ NUTS
Allo after thagomising: that was worth it totally gonna do it next time
@@haron5811 breaking news: Jurassic theropod likes CBT
@@BeegRanho Stegosaur: "I'm gonna stab you in the groin if you don't fuck off."
Allosaur: "Don't threaten me with a good time."
If you think Sue didn’t suffer that much, it also had what seems to be a horrifying disease called trichomonosis, which is found on today’s birds and is caused by the trichomonad parasite. And let me tell you, it’s not just horrifying from the inside, but also the outside with the swelling on the head. Dinosaurs were really suffering a lot these days…
Also I was expecting that nutshot Allosaurus.
Poor Sue
@@TheVividen Yeah. She ended up like the Tasmanian devils…
Wasn't there a report that stated it wasn't actually an infection? I heard its still unknown as of right now.
broo i found mikailodon saw him in the premiere im a great fan
I have visited "Sue" many times and I can see why they suffered, damaged and infected leg, infection on the lower jaw, arthritis, broken ribs, and maybe more.
This is why Path of titans needs to add so much more than just death scars on the skin, we need broken horns, ripped off arms and even like broken plates on the Stegos who survived intense battles-
With that one update, human civilization would finally be perfected
I’ve heard they plan on doing that. The raptors will have broken tail feathers also
I also think they should add more ontogenetic stages with more accuracy, like Juvenile Tyrannosurus Rex with feathers.
@@rosalinadeanda-zd6nn Yeah their base rex needs a rework so badly, then again you have PT rex which has juvenile rexes that look like what you wished-
I mean isnt the game rated like E10?
“Nah, I’d survive.” -Allosaurus.
Jokes aside, Paleopathology is, in all honesty, badass.
Also, post-edit: Even I didn’t know about most of these examples. A Pachyrhinosaurus casually chilling with half of a face, or Wyrex living without a tail. Archosaurs are just built different.
They really are built different. They can shrug off injuries that would be fatal to most mammals.
@@TheVividen The seem to laugh in the face of fear and death.
Have you seen some stuff birds and crocodilians survive when it comes to horrific injuries? Archosaurs are always doing their best to out do mammals when comes to surviving debilitating wounds.
@@Gojira3445
That one video where a crocodilian shrugged off getting its arm bitten off as if it was a minor inconvenience comes to mind.
How about ROM 768, the holotype of Parasaurolophus walkeri? I've seen a recent study that showed it had a large object (likely a tree or a rock) fall on it when it was younger, breaking several neck vertebrae and fracturing the ribs. It healed, survived, and lived with the damage for years! Hadrosaurs were beasts when it came to healing.
That's amazing! I hadn't heard of that one!
Ya know
I recall seeing that Allosaurus with the broken jaw from Dinosaur Revolution
And thinking "i doubt a dinosaur could ever survive something like that"
After seeing half the stuff on this list I'm suddenly very convinced that not only could it happen, it likely did we just don't have the proof.
Seriously next they're gonna find proof of a Dino that lost a leg but just kept living its life cause let's face these guys literally were so hardy it took a force not of this planet to kill em
Pretty much haha. It took Space Everest to wipe them out
that allosaurus is actually based off an allosaurus skeleton that did in fact have a broken jaw
It's actually crazy to think about the level of adaptation prehistoric animals went to counter acting things that hunted them. As well as their ability to heal from significant amounts of trauma. I wish we could be a fraction of that durable or able to heal/recover from injuries
We'd be superheroes if we could survive these things haha
Tyrannosaurus Rex and Edmontosaurs Annectens seem to have been some of the strongests.
A Canadian soldier named Leo Major had his vehicle hit a landmine during WWII. In an instant, he suffered a broken arm, two broken ankles, four broken ribs, and had his spine fractured in three places. He escaped from the hospital and went back to combat just a few months later. This was not long after losing his left eye to a white phosphorus grenade. There are some incredibly tough people out there; and it’s worth mentioning that for every dinosaur that survived a laundry list of injuries like Stan, there were probably ten more that died from an infected tooth or a grazing wound to the femoral artery.
Man, Dilophosaurus, and Allosaurus took the punches and kept rolling. There are so many wounds from each other and other dinos. Dinosaur, in general, seems to be quite tough.
Imagine being a daspletosaurus,gorgosaurus or teratophoneus AND SEE A PACHYRHINOSAURUS WITH HALF ITS FACE COMPLETELY GONE
Edit:nom look im famous
Slenderman moment
He'd be the bane of all carnivores-
The absolute terror
@@coraliepython1291 Is that a reference to sachiel-
That Pachyrhinosaurus is an absolute menace and I'm all here for it
T.Rex is just op, people need to except that at this point. I remember when everyone thought it was a pushover to literally any other megatheropod. Now it one shots almost anything. The glow up is crazy.
It went from the king, to a forced underdog so others could be kings, and went back to being the king TWICE AS HARD
Tyrannosaurus will not stay down no matter what at this point
It’d be cool to not have a t.Rex glazing fanboy in every single video.
@@mylessmith9758 Well, its okay to Love Tyrannosaurus Rex but there is point when and where many people seem to just pick Tyrannosaurus Rex too much. I don't think @SamuRhino2023 was trying to be like that.
@@josh26566
Only because people now pretend other megatheropods are lame and pathetic and have no adaptations that level the playing field.
My introduction to the healing power of Dinosaurs was in Allosaurus in Planet: Dinosaur, Dinosaur Revolution, and Walking With Dinosaurs w/ Big Al.
I though those cases were insane, but Stan is something else entirely. The resilience in these animals needs to be showed more.
Allosaurus by like: "I'm not locked in here with you, You are locked in here with me"
Alr.. but jokes a side The fact this theropod was able to not only survive but thrive as a species in the enviroment full of other amazing creatures such as Stegosaurus, Torvosaurus, Saurophagnax and a huge number of titan sized sauropods in hard dry season conditions will always make him in my eyes the most goated Dinosaurs ever..
Big Al was a FUCKING unit. Loved watching the documentary as a kid. Cried and became my boy after learning his story.
its fascinating, but not surprising, if you research what kind of injuries extant herbivores and carnivores sustain in the wild (Im talking missing facial muscles, teeth, half a maxilla, eye, hearing, limbs, etc) i remember reading an account of a deer with an air pneumothorax surviving in the wild for months. Nature finds a way.
Ian Malcolm would be proud
Not having a chunk of your body is something normal for fish.
If there is a mascot for the term " Black AirForce 1 Energy" you will see Allosaurus.
It basically lives by the motto of "These hands are rated E for everyone".
Brilliant
If you ever make a part two, please do!, I'd find it helpful if there was something more than the bone names to show where the injury was. Maybe a highlight on the example image?
Pretty sure there's a Gorgosaurus that had an arm that essentially fused into one piece after a bad break, and another one that survived a leg fracture that likely would've had bone breaking the skin. There's also that Portuguese Allosaurus that likely had it's lower jaw snapped in *half* at some point, but still reached adulthood. Theropods, especially tyrannosaurs, must been like lions or great whites in life, in that they must've been *riddled* with scars by the time they were fully grown.
That Pachyrhinosaurus with its faced teared off is the most metal thing ever, Thank you for providing me with new paleoart ideas!
Me when I stub my toe: *literally dies*
These mfs missing their faces: "tis but a flesh wound"
What about that one particular adult Gorgosaurus that BHI used to have (at least I think BHI had casts of it)? I don't recall the specimen ID number, but I remember hearing these particular injuries attributed to the specimen in question:
- A badly broken fibula that healed with a mid section of the fibula shaft sticking straight out the front of the shin.
- A severe shoulder wound that resulted in the caracoid and scapula fusing with massive bone regrowth that may have been pushing the humerus out of position.
- Evidence of a tumor in the brain case.
- One side of the pelvis supposedly crushed/fractured that also healed.
- Broken and some healed ribs.
- Several fractured vertebrae, including caudal verts that may have forced the tail to be carried slightly bent to one side (though I cannot recall to what degree it had been stated).
Is that Ruth? I just heard about it for the first time in another comment here.
@@TheVividen I don't ever recall hearing whether the specimen had an actual name, but it might be Ruth?
I remenber Being That Amputated rex in a documentary That speculated that with how Severe the Injury was, the Only possible way that the rex survived was with the Help of a mate or Its young
Another piece of evidence for gregariousness in Tyrannosaurus!
@@TheVividen How much time would it take for such injuries to stabilize?
@@doragonzxprobably weeks or months realistically. Ouch yea that poor Rex would’ve struggled to hunt with that kind of injury as a lot of its muscle is in the tail. I love trex so the fact an animal survived this kind of devastating injury and thrived shows how tough these animals are
If animals today like hippos, crocodiles, bears, rhinos and etc can cause horrific injuries just imagine what kind of damage dinosaurs could do.
It’s amazing that they can survive, horrible wounds even today look at their relatives, crocodilians you see them with the one limb ripped off, and sometimes even a lower driving ripped so dinosaurs would survive traumatic injuries, especially theropods. I also think that most pteropods would’ve been faced fighters, but their faces would’ve been covered in keratin to protect themselves like, for example Stan’s face.
It's pretty amazing how archosaurs can survive wounds that would kill mammals pretty quickly.
Stan really said "I didn't hear no bell."
The fact Big Al is a mid tier on this list is INSANE
Also
Missed a bunch of healed fractures in the middle.
I was counting just the amount of times I said "healed fracture" out loud haha
Awesome video. You mentioned that one of these animals had congenital deformities. How often do palentologists see those, and how can they tell the difference from healed wounds acquired early in life?
Imagine having your skull slowly crushed by a rival Trex, what a way to go!
I had a lot of fun trying to visualize the scenarios of these injuries in my head, definitely looking forward to a part 2
I'd love to do a disease focused one of this episode performs well!
This video was really really good. I was super interested the entire time! I've subscribed and I hope you make more like this.
Omg ive never seen your channel before and now i get "Charlie bit me" tier??? ❤
Let have a moment of silence for this allosaurus. 😔 12:55
RIP
Great video!
I would love a video on dinosaurs' immune system and their illnesses.
Keep up the good work!❤
1:37 so actually turns out that triceratops did fend for itself against t Rex after all since Jack Horner says that the horns are fragile and they’re useless in combat, and he also said that if a triceratops hits the t Rex the T-Rex is gonna fall over on the triceratops, that’s not really true
Yeah, a lot of Horner's theories have not aged well
@@TheVividen yea he says a lot of stupid crap. I’m actually shocked that some people respect his theories.
Please do a video about Kaast et al. 2022 publication about the extremely high trophic levels of the Otodus sharks.
That's a great idea!
What about the Allosaurus specimen with a horribly broken lower jaw that healed?
I found the one with the anterior end of the dentary bitten off--that might be a different specimen, though. Can you send me the link?
@@TheVividenOop never mind I guess that’s the same one lol
Brilliant! You really know your stuff!! Paleontology is lucky to have you! Love, Grams
Subscribed. This was amazing
With regards to Wyrex: While bite marks are apparently present, It's not clear as to whether or not they are directly associated with the bone remodeling. Another likely interpretation is that Wyrex could have been bitten but not amputated, survived long enough for it to heal, and the tail was amputated post-mortem. Regardless, the fact that this animal survived for a period of time after experiencing a great amount of trauma is nothing to sneeze at.
Thank you for the clarification, Michael!
I thank you for this. Some of these I knew about like MOR 693 FMH 2081 and Holotype of Dilophosaurus.
Another thing to note is that Hadrosaurs (Bactrosaurus, Gilmoresaurus, Edmontosaurus Hypacrosaurus, Telmatosaurus, & Brachylophosaurus) are vulnerable to tumors.
You're welcome! I might do a disease-focused episode if this one turns out to be successful.
Allosaurus' are the coolest damn dinosaurs that existed in my opinion. So cool
Fascinating. 😮
Thank you for this. 😊
Every so often I am struck with the fact that these guys lived whole lives 🥹 Amazing
CHAD Paleontology and Tolkien enjoyer:
Another banger thx bro.
we had a chicken (little dinosaur) that was attacked by a loose pitbull and had an entire chunk taken out of her. she survived and lived for like four more years.
Udanoceratops!
Fossil featured healed scarring on the bones, consistent with the beak of another Udanoceratops! No punk ass display frills and horns here, just a big ole beak and a willingness to use it in close quarters!
That's amazing!
The names for your tier lists made me giggle so much.
I'm so glad I found this video, paleopathology is one of my favorite fields of paleontology,. It's so interesting and there's not enough content about it imo.
Megatheropods survived with broken necks !!
It's pretty insane!
Dinos are scary in their resilience
Very true
@@TheVividen Just like a Space lizards from Dragon Balls
If that pachyrhinosaurus lived in the modern day it would be a legend. I'd bet scientists and the public alike would name it "Half-face"
Yay you’re back
Stan is quite the gangster. Got bit in the braincase and walked it off
"Life is pain " was great opening
That Daspletosaurus from the Kirtland formation is now referred to Bistahieversor.
I broke my tail bone so bad the bone fused out of place.
Sheesh! Well, it looks like you're in good company!
This explains a lot about chicken regenerative abilities
Love this vid! Prehistoric pathology has fascinated me for a long time, glad to see it getting some attention to a wider audience! There's one I love, besides Big Al, the zombie titanosaur!
It was a small elderly titanosaur found in 2006 in São Paulo Brazil that had ancient parasites just riddling it's body, making it look like a zombie. 80 million years old and they could tell there was osteomyelitis with microfossils of blood parasites in the bones. It would have been in tremendous pain, with lesions and open sores all over its body, poor thing. They still don't know if the parasites cause the osteomyelitis or if injuries just made the perfect breeding ground for them though. The scientists are hopeful though that studying the disease in prehistoric beasts and how it changed to affect animals and humans now could lead to a key to combating it now, which I think it thrilling!
Another is Broken Jaw, the Allosaurus on Dinosaur Revolution. While that was very highly dramatized, it was based off a lower jaw bone found, I can't remember the number for the fossil, but it was damaged greatly but showed healing, so it had to have been eating fairly well or at least being supplied with meat to allow it to live after such a grievous injury.
Amazing, Amazing work. Dinosaur immune systems and anatomies seem to have the capacity to survive some of the most dangerous and deadly injuries. With competition and threats like that, it seems like Dinosaurs had such an effective and useful lifestyle that made it easier to survive. Dinosaurs were made for combat (In their own ways). For example, Theropods were built to take hits and be able to do massive amounts of damage to their prey, which is one of the many reasons why they were so successful. It just seems like the evolutionary and ecological differences in Dinosaurs were one of the many reasons why Dinosaurs were so successful. Those are just my personal thoughts and opinions. Amazing job.
When are you gonna make the video about Cope’s new size ? Cool video btw
I know this is going to be an odd one; but I would love to see another one of these lists, especially on the many different fossils we have with evidence of color or patterns!
Allosaurus: "I'm fighting for my f-ing life."
Glory is eternal, pain is temporary
I thought we were pretty confident these days that Deinonychus' claws were for piercing and gripping (like most felids or birds of prey), not slicing and disemboweling.
Got my sub for mentioning Big Al. The documentary on him broke my heart as a child.
This is a brilliant idea for a video.. I haven't finished it, I'm still in charlie bit me... but I think you will be able to make reasonable conclusions as to whether these can indicate pack animal behavior... as surely some injuries will require help with feeding before full recovery.
It still amazes me that these magnificent creatures lived fought and just survived in a world completely different from what we know today.
I wish we could go back and visit...
@@TheVividen You're telling me!
I wish it were possible for me to find more examples of this because it's so freakin' cool to me.
I've seen trail cam of a zombie deer with it's side torn out casually walk past. Its here on yt, if its still up.
I love that you referenced Princess Bride twice in the first five seconds hell yeah XD
Alternative title:
Theropod rib-breaking competition
You should make this a series
"charlie bit me"
Dude you just unlocked a core memort
If there IS a saurian afterlife, I hope they know that millions of years on we pathetic mammals are still in awe of the injuries and diseases dinosaurs pushed through just to survive day to day. I’m aching all over just WATCHING this!
3:08 If I'm not mistaken there has been some speculation as to whether or not these sorts of fractures seen in hadrosaurs may be from copulation
This is exactly the reason why I am going for paleopathology as my Masters... Because the injuries these animals incurred are fricking nutty!
I look forward to your research!
I heard once that Stan's death could be from Arthritis (and that Arthritis itself was a leading cause of death in larger species).
broken neck and brain case.
stan: oh, um.. ow?
I would love to see a video about all of the dinosaurs that we know for sure that we have babies for. From say hatchling to about 5 or 6 years old.
8:36 Broken Jaw from Dinosaur Revolution.
Also damn, I didn't know the Pachyrhinosaurus at the Royal Tyrell Museum was missing a chunk of its face.
Do you think you could make a video on diseases in dinosaurs?
Knowing what some of these animals went through I’m questioning just how inaccurate a bulletproof indoraptor was.
Haha good point
@@TheVividen hey Vividen the video conversion is going ok but I noticed it was almost speeding up some clips, some 7 second clips became 6 second and some 5 second ones became 4 second. The original files are in MOV and I converted them to mp4 but I’m not great at this so I was wondering if you had any clue as to what profile/format is best. I’m experimenting with different formats but if I can’t find one I’ll just send you whatever turned out best. I hope that’s ok.
I mean I wouldn't put it past an Allo to take 2 full clips of ammo and survive long enough fueled on pure will to bite your head of then die a day later from the injuries xD.
Me several billion years later:
"Who did this to you?🥺"
Tbh, the most excruciating death in history probably happened during the Mesozoic. Or maybe it was that guy who messed up the demon core, who knows.
I knew Big Al would be here. :)
"No pain!"- Duke Evers.
I wonder if we can capture how brutal and scary dinosaurs actually were in a movie
Not like jurassic Park but a full on accurate representation of these animals could do
Is there any studies on the injuries of terror birds or crocodiles as a comparison to therapist?
Good question! I'll have to look into that. I know crocodiles can survive their limbs being ripped off even while living in dirty river water, so there's a start.
Therapists are my favorite type of dinosaurs too although sauerkraut are fascinating too lol
"The sample size of these guys is huge and they lived with some of the most dangerous herbivores in earth's history. Cut them some slack, they've been trough enough!" Why do I laugh so much because of that quote?!