RC Motor and ESC Wiring - Part 1

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  • Опубликовано: 7 янв 2025

Комментарии • 149

  • @8ballout
    @8ballout 5 лет назад +2

    Thanks a lot for that video. I am new to this hobby and am struggling like a fish out of the water but this video made it a lot clearer. Thanks again.

  • @PyroChimp75
    @PyroChimp75 11 лет назад +1

    Its not mentioned much by most hobbyists but the three wires that power the motor are better known as 'multi-phase' or better known as 'three phase AC, just for those who wish to understand how their motors work, Go look up 'three phase ac electricity on wiki, explains it well about the motor winding in 'star' and 'delta' winding formations :)

  • @munkeepilot
    @munkeepilot 4 года назад +2

    Excellent informative video. Thanks for taking the time to put this together in such clear, concise language!

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    You're absolutely correct. Any two wires will reverse the motor direction. We suggest using the outside two as a reference so you can easily keep track of your setup upon final assembly. Often times you end up removing/disconnecting the motor somewhere along the process and it's easier to remember two wires instead which of the three you shuffled during setup.

  • @FL-gg4dq
    @FL-gg4dq 4 года назад +1

    Hi I'm kinda doing this project with my kayak trolling motor. It has 2 (+ and -) wires coming out of the motor. Do you think I can still use this ESC? What do I do with the last wire. Thanks for the input

    • @alie5146
      @alie5146 4 года назад +1

      i am also pretty new, so im not the best on this stuff. but motors with two wires are called brushed motors, and you need a brushed esc for them, which has 2 wires.hope this helps

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    Yes, either switch any two of the wires for proper rotation or, if your ESC is capable, change the motor direction in the programming of the ESC. The wires are the easiest way. Some ESC manufacturers offer a plug-in programming card that makes programming really easy as well.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    You cannot connect directly to a brushless motor. It actually runs off AC current converted and managed by the ESC. The ESC converts the DC current supplied by the battery to AC, manages the phase, timing, etc. in order to actually run the motor. There's a lot going on inside the ESC. A brushed DC motor however can run directly off a DC battery.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  13 лет назад

    @thediamondz1 - The ESC rating is based on the motors peak or maximum amperage draw, not the battery. The battery can only supply what the motor is able to draw, so the ESC never passes more current than the motor's maximum rating, unless you're running the wrong prop.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    No, however it's fairly common to buy ESCs and motors with bare wires so you'd have to solder the bullet connectors on before assembly. Some already have the bullet connectors in place. E-flite and Electrifly Rimfire components already have matching bullet connectors in place for their matching hardware, so no soldering would be required.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    102Traveller's response is correct, you may check to see if reversing the throttle channel fixes the problem. Futaba radio systems require the throttle channel be reversed in order to operate an ESC. Another solution may be to adjust the channel end points of your radio supports this function. Sounds like it's not arming or going into stick programming mode. This could be caused by either of the above conditions. Be safe and remove the prop while adjusting!

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  14 лет назад

    @SunTrapped - If you are asking if you can connect a brushless motor directly to a power source, no. The Electronic Speed Controller (ESC) function is relatively complex and involves current inversion, multi-phase signaling, timing, and current management (to name a few). You have to utilize an ESC in order to spool up your Electric Ducted Fan (EDF) powerplant. Brushless RC motors should never be connected directly to a power source.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    You can use a servo tester to operate an ESC without a receiver or radio system. These are available from a wide range of manufacturers and can be very inexpensive.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  11 лет назад

    That little ring is made of ferrite. It's there to reduce/eliminate any interference introduced into the radio system via the ESC. Some ESCs have them, others don't. Always best to leave them in place!

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  13 лет назад

    @mayantribe - The BEC power is supplied through the single radio connection coming from your ESC (assuming your ESC has an integrated BEC). There are no additional wires for your BEC circuit. Just plug your ESC into your radio receiver with no motor connected and plug your flight battery into your ESC. If the receiver comes on, your ESC has an integrated BEC. If it doesn't, your ESC does NOT have an integrated BEC (or your reveiver connection is reversed, always check polarity).

  • @gizmoguyar
    @gizmoguyar 13 лет назад

    @2BrothersHobby Of course. I'm always thankful of people like you who help us beginners out.

  • @chancho00
    @chancho00 14 лет назад

    How to operate a motor brushless with the ESC but without using a recector and transmitter, what kind of signal is needed at the orange cable? Can I put a potentiometer to the positive and the orange cable to simulate the accelerator?

  • @michaelstegemann5349
    @michaelstegemann5349 Год назад

    Can I directly wire a motor to a dc transformer. Using the motor for a kids project.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  13 лет назад

    @MrAlexandros99 - The batteries used on this clinic are from Flight Power, distributed by Great Planes here in the US. The ESC is a Castle Creations Thunderbird. This is their value line of ESCs. Very reliable but also very affordable.

  • @colj001
    @colj001 12 лет назад

    hey thanks for your video but i would like to know how to find the right esc for the motor and battery, if i just pick random ESC's, random motors and random batterys and plug them all together, will it still work or will it smoke and explode. i want to make my own RC plane but these electronics have no indication of whats compatible and what isnt.

  • @markwikstrom4302
    @markwikstrom4302 12 лет назад

    hi there i have a Catalina plane with this system. i have followed all the wiring instructions and everything works OK except the 2 motors. they play a wee tune when you plug the battery in and then a "ding" about every 2 seconds. Should the battery be plugged into the plane with one plug (the t shaped one) AND the other wires. there is currently no plug in the BATT plug on the reciever?

  • @philipriding
    @philipriding 13 лет назад

    as i done a range check first. when i got to the plane the rudder elevators ect ect and motor was working fine, im a bit scared to take the plane up again in case it happens again. do you think i have a dodgy esc?. thanks.

  • @johntisbury
    @johntisbury 6 лет назад +3

    Most helpful, thank you, for a complete newbie like me.

  • @Mena142
    @Mena142 14 лет назад

    Man, I've been looking for this type of first hand information :) This video is awsome!

  • @jamster2400
    @jamster2400 12 лет назад

    Is it possible to use a EDF fan and control it without using a transmitter and receiver?

  • @gizmoguyar
    @gizmoguyar 13 лет назад

    If you're still making these beginner "how to"s, consider doing a video about motor selection. I have a small park flyer I bought as a RTF, and I'd like to upgrade to a brushless motor etc. but I'm confused by all the different ways to mount the motors, and which way they face, and those little prop adaptors, and pusher vs pullers, and outboard vs. inboard... I just don't get it.
    Any way, nice video, it really helped. Thanks.

  • @650hpreventon
    @650hpreventon 12 лет назад

    i have a normal turning motor, so if i want to make it a pusher motor can i just switch two and wires on the motor, i dont think i see any reverse brushless ones one brushed motors

  • @theworstgamervr
    @theworstgamervr 11 месяцев назад

    So I have a stock Traxxas esc I'm try to wire to a Jada toys rc motherboard. Basically what makes it read a transponder is connected,?

  • @xuxixoong
    @xuxixoong 12 лет назад +1

    Great video...so much help. This is my second day trying to learn about rc airplanes and you have taught it all in two videos. May I ask where can you buy these materials for a cheap price. I'm a high school student who just loves airplanes and would love to build one with very minimum budget. Thank you

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  11 лет назад

    The easiest way to operate an ESC without a radio system is to pick up a simple servo tester. They are cheap and will allow you to rotate a dial to operate the ESC.

  • @Island728
    @Island728 11 лет назад

    my ESC only has two wires (+ and -) for the motor, if i dont connect the white wire, does the motor still work? please reply thanks

  • @aligul_
    @aligul_ 4 года назад

    can we connect power supply 12 charger without using battery to ESC controller

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  14 лет назад +1

    @TheSliekaStyle - You don't connect your 11.1V lipo to the receiver. You connect it to the ESC. The ESC radio connection back-feeds the correct voltage to the receiver. This is the purpose for having a BEC (battery eliminator circuit) built in to the ESC. It handles the regulation of the incoming voltage down to 4.8 - 6.0 volts for your radio system.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  11 лет назад

    There are other replies that address channel reversing as a possible solution (below). If you're not getting any power to the rx and your polarity is correct, than it seems your BEC, at a minimum, is bad. You may still be able to resurrect the ESC by removing the positive radio lead form the ESC radio connector and using another power source (battery or external BEC) to your radio system.

  • @matthewbellaus3752
    @matthewbellaus3752 7 месяцев назад

    Is there a newer version?? This one won't work for my android says it is to old?!

  • @Crist0ffer
    @Crist0ffer 12 лет назад

    How did you connect your motor and ESC, did you just solder them together or what?

  • @kaviresh01
    @kaviresh01 12 лет назад

    You say at 6 min 12 sec about Futaba receiver ... i want to know which one is the positive, negative and signal on the futaba receiver ... I have a R614FS FASST 2.4 GHz receiver .. it has a slot too on the receiver ...

  • @92348fyi
    @92348fyi 12 лет назад

    Hi, i have a question, if you have a esc with a bec already in it do you HAVE to solder ANYTHING? Thanks!!

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    Typically the motors ship with solder-type bullet connectors. You solder the males on one side (motor wires) and the females to the ESC wires. Cover with shrink tubing and you're all set. There's no reason you can't directly solder the wires together, it just makes installation and modifications a bit more difficult. ALSO, if you're going to direct solder the wires, make sure the motor is turning in the right direction. Most smaller ESCs do not have motor reversing in the programming.

  • @SunTrapped
    @SunTrapped 14 лет назад

    I want to test the edf fan I purchase is there a way to bypass the electronic speed control so I can test its functions?

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  11 лет назад

    No, the ESC is actually running multi-phase AC current to the brushless motor. Only one ESC per motor.

  • @BogdanVitoc
    @BogdanVitoc 11 лет назад

    Thank you so much! I have been looking for such a detailed guide for a pretty long time. THANKS!

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    If it's not clearly marked on the outside of the ESC, just plug in the main flight battery with the prop/rotors removed, and test the radio lead coming from the ESC. A multimeter or voltage meter on the positive and negative wires (Brown or Black are negative), Red is positive. You should see about 5 volts DC being supplied from the ESC if a BEC is present. Also, simply connecting the flight battery with the ESC plugged into the radio receiver should power the system if BEC is present.

  • @dryan084
    @dryan084 10 лет назад +2

    New to Lipo's here- so be gentle, How do I know if I have exceeded my BEC budget? How do I know what my "budget" is?

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  14 лет назад

    @collierman57 - Yes, that is correct. Any 2 wires will change the phase sequence and, as a result, change the direction. The outermost wires are often the same color as the ESC leads on medium and larger BLDC motors, so keeping track of just two colors that match is a little easier. I always match the colors to start, and then test the direction. If I have to disconnect the wires during the build, it's easy to remember the pattern of the two outermost wires!

  • @AnEngineersPOV
    @AnEngineersPOV 13 лет назад

    can you tell me what is the name of the battery and of the ESC

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  11 лет назад

    If the stock setup was for NiMH voltage ranges, using a LiPo could cause a problem. Most stand-alone ESCs can be programmed for different cell types but if your ESC cannot be field programmed then the cutoff voltage. In any case, going from 9.6V to 7.4 volt is going to reduce performance significantly.

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  13 лет назад

    @philipriding - Need more info than the motor RPM. The maximum wattage or amperage in the motor specs will indicate how many amps the ESC needs to be. Additionally, you could be running with the wrong prop, causing more draw than what the ESC is rated for. Sounds like you hit thermal limits on the ESC, it went into protection, then came back on after it cooled down a bit. Finally, most setups are only rated for a few seconds (8-10 MAX) full throttle runs, then back off a bit.

  • @RajaSekhar-vw7oz
    @RajaSekhar-vw7oz 12 лет назад

    I have 30 Amp ESC and all the connections are made,but when the switch is on(battery is connected).. the motor starts with a "ding" sound for every 2 seconds and the motor doesn't rotate..and all the connections are made properly ..what could be the problem?
    can u please help me out.

  • @rasheedgregory3459
    @rasheedgregory3459 10 лет назад

    Im scratch building my first plane and I'm using esc's with a built in sbec what I'd like is how do I find out if the 4 amp sbec will be enough to power 5 tss-11mga servoes?

  • @ayuminor
    @ayuminor 12 лет назад

    Is there a way to tell if an ESC has a BEC?

  • @SIFWD
    @SIFWD 13 лет назад

    Hi.
    Im new in to the RC world, and i have a question - is it possible,that i run my rc boat without a ESC?

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  13 лет назад

    @gizmoguyar - Great suggestion! I think we'll do just that. There are some tools (calculators) on our website that help with motor selection from a specification perspective, but mounting is another issue. Thanks for the feedback...

  • @mayantribe
    @mayantribe 13 лет назад

    my esc did not come with connectors where i also have a seperate bec how do i connect them

  • @rockey81636
    @rockey81636 7 лет назад

    this video helped so much. can u please tell me which battery i use in my quadcopter which have DJI 2212 MOTORS AND 30AMP ESC SIMONK

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  14 лет назад

    @chancho00 - There are some circuit designs you can find on the web regarding homemade servo controllers. Try doing a Google search for "homemade servo controller" and you should get some returns. Keep in mind, an ESC is going to be less forgiving than a servo when it comes to end points and input.

  • @soundadvice2k
    @soundadvice2k 11 лет назад

    Do you have a video or information for setting up timing for the 2 motors?

  • @NIP28
    @NIP28 3 года назад

    Are those batteries rechargeable

  • @Dynamo226
    @Dynamo226 11 лет назад

    Okay so that little bunch of three wires going into the radio receiver are: negative, positive and signal. So does that mean I could control an esc via arduino using just the signal wire and leaving the other two wires unconnected?
    Many Thanks

  • @petertebo914
    @petertebo914 2 года назад

    i am having a problem the esc is beeping but have no power to motor

  • @jherforth
    @jherforth 12 лет назад +5

    I wished that I had seen this video before blowing up half of my ESCs and Servos XD

  • @collinstiers5883
    @collinstiers5883 11 лет назад

    ok so I am looking to build a tri-coprter (the rotor helicopter) and i am trying to biuld it on the lowest budget possible, all the parts shown in this video are very expensive, even the ESC's cost 60$ can you recomend some small ESC's for under 20$?

  • @FyJonas
    @FyJonas 13 лет назад

    hello, great tutorial.
    i have a question is it important to have like a 5a motor and a 5a speed controller?
    i cant find anything on the internet
    greetings Jonas

  • @captsnafu
    @captsnafu 11 лет назад

    ive always wondered if you could i use 2 ecs to control 1 brushless motor is that possible

  • @BUILDwithMAULIK
    @BUILDwithMAULIK 7 лет назад

    can i connect the esc with a coreless motor for a drone.. i dnt have a brushless motor if yes plzzz tell how to do that

  • @jimmyveeramalay534
    @jimmyveeramalay534 9 лет назад

    hi mate,i jst converted a 1/5th scale rc car into brushless,am using a 200 amp esc,,i was wondering if i can use a servo along on wiz the esc on same channel ''throttle'' using a y lead so wen i brake the servo pulls the cable for the front brakes and the rear brakes by the motor itself..please help

  • @zaynedanielnom7160
    @zaynedanielnom7160 9 лет назад

    I focuse on the battery volt . if I buy the 12v battery what kind receiver , speed controller, motor should I buy ? if I need servo what vole of servo should I buy ? ( I'm a beginner build a plane )

  • @samhklee
    @samhklee 11 лет назад

    Hi,
    My KDS 40A ESC throttle cable is wound around some kind of an induction coil before it is connected to the receiver. Any idea what is that for?
    sam

  • @chriskaiser2548
    @chriskaiser2548 10 лет назад

    Do you have any videos on OPTO ESC's with an external BEC and running batteries in series?

  • @user-fw1ki1pu4o
    @user-fw1ki1pu4o 5 лет назад

    does this work with nimh batteries too?

  • @kennethwang7045
    @kennethwang7045 8 лет назад

    Do I have to use a BEC if I am powering the receiver with a 1s? Thanks for the tutorial!

  • @quinnapro6477
    @quinnapro6477 10 лет назад

    Can u help me i got my recevier to talk to me transmitter. And my motor works but my servos won't stop running.. As soone as i plug them in thay run and wount stop or respond to my controls thanks

  • @gregkingston2087
    @gregkingston2087 6 лет назад

    Is there anyway of connecting a brushless motor with three wires straight to a battery without ESC? If not can I connect to an ESC then to battery or does it have to go through a transmitter as well. All Im wanting the motor to do is run a hairdryer..Thanks

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    If your ESC has an integrated BEC, then no additional BATT connection is required on the receiver. As long as your ESC radio connection is plugged in to the Throttle channel, the receiver should power up and the servos should be functional. If this is the case and your ESC fails to arm, and you are using a Futaba radio system, you'll need to reverse the throttle channel in the radio. Remove the prop first Otherwise, could be an issue with the BEC circuit either not present or malfunctioning.

  • @jamesguile1674
    @jamesguile1674 11 лет назад

    Thank you for your prompt reply. good luck and take care.

  • @johnchikie1922
    @johnchikie1922 8 лет назад

    Hi guys, Maybe you can help. I have a Catalina by Curnli bought through Nitro back in 2009. I never finished putting it together but would like to now but updating the electronics. Existing set-up: the old 72 radio, two 370 motors (geared)( have only two wires coming from each), battery was Ni-Mh 8.4-1000mAh. It has a single 40A ESC (supposedly, very small, no markings) which has the four wires to feed the motors. I switched out the receiver and changed the power leads to the ESC to deans. I hooked up a 3S 1100 for power. ESC got very hot in less then a minute with the props turning. Should I a) use a less powerful battery like maybe a 2S, b) change out the ESC and if so, what set up should I use with the 4 wires going to the motors? Would like to get it flying if I can. Seen some vids where it flys right off the grass and preforms nicely.

  • @markwikstrom4302
    @markwikstrom4302 12 лет назад

    hi and thankyou very much for the reply :). the system is Gurnli - i have watched your vidoe which was very helpful and i am certain i have everything hooked up correctly - if it is the BEC how can i get a new one?

  • @wallaguest1
    @wallaguest1 12 лет назад

    why reserver just the outer wires? if you can mix them the way you want all you need to reverse the rotation is reverse two wires, no matter wich ones are,
    i am wrong?

  • @TheAnonymousrobot
    @TheAnonymousrobot 11 лет назад

    Well I think this is the perfect place for this.
    I build robots so I am thinking about adding a weapon. So I was going to purchase parts when I realized the ESC has a continuous current of 6A and my motor has a maximum of 4.1 A so what will happen? Also I have two servos so will an 11.1V battery work? They run up to 9V and my motor runs up to 7V.
    Thanks

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  13 лет назад

    Jonas, You factor the motor's peak wattage and convert to amps. Watts = Amps X Volts. You then choose an ESC that can handle the max amperage or slightly more to be safe. We have several tools on our website that helps with these calculations. Good Luck!

  • @HIROSEMPAI809
    @HIROSEMPAI809 8 лет назад

    What charger are you using for your FlightPower EVO25 V-Power Battery?

  • @TheCobCAP
    @TheCobCAP 10 лет назад

    Should I have a normal configuration on my RC car WITH a ducted fan and a separate ESC, or should I just have the ducted fan setup. Using this for science fair.
    Thanks.

  • @lorenzovanhethul1355
    @lorenzovanhethul1355 10 лет назад

    Is there a way to bypass the esc so i can use it for a selfsustaining turbojet engine project (max speed)? I dont want extra stuff arround in like receiver or servo testen, thanks:)

  • @lonnieclausnitzer7902
    @lonnieclausnitzer7902 6 лет назад

    Would someone please tell me what the RX wires are for on my new ESC. I would be very thankful.

  • @ericscherping2627
    @ericscherping2627 11 лет назад

    hey brothers, i gotta question. im working on a project that doesnt require the receiver. i just need the esc with a direct connection to a throttle stick.its a hand held device. im stumped on what to do for this to work. any help would be appreciated. thank you

  • @11bonn06
    @11bonn06 11 лет назад

    what kind of connecter did you use to connect motor and esc? im new to this hobby. thanks

  • @muhammadsohail2562
    @muhammadsohail2562 12 лет назад

    I really like this helpful video.

  • @mohit9756
    @mohit9756 12 лет назад

    i have a eagle double horse helicoper consists of a brushed motor,and its battery got damages,i have a lipo 2 cell 7.4V 25c battery can i use it to fly my heli,and my previous battery of heli was a nimh 9.6Vbattery can i replace with my new lipo battery. pease tell me

  • @negativentry
    @negativentry 5 лет назад

    HI,
    2BrothersHobby,
    Me and my son took on a project to build a wooden skiff boat. We hope to reuse remote transmitter from Blade 120SR helicopter that we currently own which is MPL4DSM. This then would "talk" to CM703 that we can source cheap from ebay ... We hope to wire cheap motors like 103 to push the boat forward and one servo for the rudder control ... Do we still need ESC or can cheap motors/servo be wired directly into the receiver ? I do appreciate that we are talking about heli dedicated parts to execute a boat project but this is what we currently have and this small project is just for fun anyway. Any advice would be greatly appreciated.

  • @ewardobaro2729
    @ewardobaro2729 8 лет назад

    Can I connect different controller to a receiver?

  • @voiceofpeshawar2308
    @voiceofpeshawar2308 7 лет назад

    any principal for the power ratio between the electronic components like ESC .motor reciver .servos bettry. .....

  • @pcoates1059
    @pcoates1059 10 лет назад

    11.1v minimum? what battery are you running?

  • @2BrothersHobby
    @2BrothersHobby  12 лет назад

    If you're thinking it's the ESC's internal BEC, just remove the red wire from the ESC radio lead and plug and external (4) AA battery pack (or 4.8-6.0 volt DC source) into the radio receiver's BATT port. This should power up the whole system and arm the ESC. If the ESC still doesn't arm and you've tried reversing the throttle and lowering the throttle trim, I'd say you have a bad ESC. Also,verify your throttle channel is working properly by connecting a servo to the receiver throttle channel.

  • @lassedk1000
    @lassedk1000 11 лет назад

    I need some help here, i have bought a 8A esc, and my motor is 2A to 6A, will it still work? Please help me.

  • @bobt34
    @bobt34 13 лет назад

    Thank you Very well done. Brian

  • @adamhung4595
    @adamhung4595 9 лет назад

    Can you give me the link for your esc? Thanks.

  • @MohOneTV
    @MohOneTV 11 лет назад

    red goes and red and black goes to black is that right? please answer

  • @jayp1113
    @jayp1113 11 лет назад

    AWESOME INFORMATION..................THANK U .....JAY...NYC

  • @zaynedanielnom7160
    @zaynedanielnom7160 9 лет назад

    Dear brother , I just wondering how do we know the receiver is match with radio controller ? and also how we know the speed controller is match with motor ? last question how we know the batter pad is match with speed controller ? Waiting to hear from you as soon as you can , Daniel .

  • @Bootspur22
    @Bootspur22 12 лет назад

    Good video

  • @ThePlaneguys
    @ThePlaneguys 9 лет назад +2

    how do i connect the motor to esc? i have 3 connectors that i have no idea how to use. please help

    • @Jniorcast
      @Jniorcast 9 лет назад

      +Kevin Wang Have you got just stubbs at the end of your esc?

    • @ThePlaneguys
      @ThePlaneguys 9 лет назад

      i figured to just solder some bullet connectors onto the motor and esc, although beware that the source closer to the power (ESC) Always has to be female, to prevent short circuiting

    • @Jniorcast
      @Jniorcast 9 лет назад

      Kevin Wang ok thankyou