Peas farming in Pakistan | matar ke kheti | How to grow peas | Matar ke kasht

Peas farming in Pakistan | matar ke kheti | How to grow peas | Matar ke kasht
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Peas farming involves the cultivation of peas, a cool-season legume crop prized for its sweet and tender pods. Peas are cultivated for fresh consumption, freezing, canning, and processing into various food products. Peas farming is accessible to farmers in diverse climates and soil types, making it a versatile and profitable crop. Here's an overview of peas farming:
*1. Site Selection:*
Peas thrive in cool climates with well-drained, fertile soil and adequate sunlight.
Site selection considerations include soil pH (6.0-7.0), water availability, and protection from frost and strong winds.
*2. Variety Selection:*
Pea varieties vary in growth habit, pod type, pod color, maturity period, and disease resistance.
Farmers choose pea varieties based on market demand, growing conditions, and intended use (fresh, processing, or shelling).
*3. Land Preparation:*
Land is prepared by plowing, harrowing, and leveling to create a fine seedbed.
Soil amendments such as compost and organic matter may be incorporated to improve soil structure and fertility.
*4. Planting:*
Peas are typically direct-seeded in rows or beds, with seeds sown at the recommended depth and spacing.
Pea seeds are treated with inoculants containing nitrogen-fixing bacteria to enhance soil fertility and nitrogen fixation.
*5. Trellising and Support:*
Some pea varieties require trellising or support to promote upright growth and prevent lodging.
Trellising materials such as stakes, twine, or wire mesh are used to support pea plants as they grow and produce pods.
*6. Irrigation:*
Peas require consistent moisture during flowering and pod development to ensure optimal yield and quality.
Drip irrigation, furrow irrigation, or overhead sprinklers may be used to provide adequate water to pea crops.
*7. Weed Control:*
Weed competition can reduce pea yields and quality. Mechanical cultivation, mulching, and herbicide applications are used to manage weeds and maintain crop health.
*8. Fertilization:*
Peas have moderate nutrient requirements and respond well to balanced fertilizer applications based on soil test results and crop nutrient demands.
Nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are essential nutrients for pea growth and development.
*9. Pest and Disease Management:*
Peas are susceptible to pests such as aphids, pea moths, and powdery mildew, as well as diseases like fusarium wilt and root rot.
Integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, including crop rotation, resistant varieties, and biological control, help minimize pest and disease damage.
*10. Harvesting:*
Peas are ready for harvest when pods reach the desired size and tenderness, typically 60-80 days after planting.
Harvesting is done carefully to avoid damage to plants and pods, with peas picked by hand or using mechanical harvesters.
*11. Post-Harvest Handling and Marketing:*
Post-harvest handling practices, including washing, grading, and packaging, help maintain pea quality and extend shelf life.
Peas are marketed fresh in local markets, supermarkets, and grocery stores, as well as processed into frozen, canned, or dried products.
Peas farming offers opportunities for income generation and crop diversification, with demand for fresh and processed peas remaining strong in domestic and international markets. Adopting best practices in soil management, irrigation, pest control, and post-harvest handling contributes to the success and profitability of peas farming ventures.

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In sahib nye pata nhi kahan se itna sasta seed lya hy