Carpool Lanes: Commuting Miracle or Enormous Waste of Space?

Today we're looking at high occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes -- all the permutations (occupancy restrictions, time of day restrictions, lanes vs. facilities, and HOT lanes, which allow single-occupant vehicles to buy their way into a less congested facility).
We'll go on some tangents, as usual, like how different metropolitan regions view HOV lanes differently, and how these kinds of facilities represent the dynamics of Anthony Downs' concept of "triple convergence."
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Previous CityNerd Videos Referenced:
Heinous Land Uses Episode 1: Power Centers • What Makes POWER CENTE...
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Resources:
ops.fhwa.dot.g...
www.fhwa.dot.g...
www.c-tran.com...
www.opb.org/ar...
www.oregonlive...
www.bayareafas...
sfcasualcarpoo...
wsdot.wa.gov/t...
scag.ca.gov/
www.psrc.org/
www.nymtc.org/...
www.oregonmetr...
mtc.ca.gov/
www.dvrpc.org/
www.ctps.org/
www.h-gac.com/...
www.oki.org/
www.cmap.illin...
en.wikipedia.o...
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Images
Shoreline HOV By SounderBruce - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Staten Island HOV By Tdorante10 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
QEW/403 HOV By Haljackey at English Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
LA 405 HOV By Coolcaesar - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Carpool stock photo www.valleymetr...
Carpool photos by Flickr user WSDOT www.flickr.com...
www.flickr.com...
ttps://www.flickr.com/photos/wsdot/5601019537
www.flickr.com...
www.flickr.com...
www.flickr.com...
creativecommon...
HOT Lane, Escondido CA By Chevy111 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Highway 401 congetion, Toronto By Robert Jack 啸风 Will - www.flickr.com..., CC BY-SA 2.0, commons.wikime...
I-95 Miami By B137 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Warringah Freeway, Sydney By Shultz6 at the English-language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
I-280 Sand Hill Rod exit By Coolcaesar - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Caltrans HOV sifgn By Coolcaesar - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Prospect Park West PBL By Jim.henderson - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, commons.wikime...
PDX Max Station By Michael Barera, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Moody Ave PBL by Flickr user Dylan Passmore www.flickr.com...
creativecommon...
SoWa bike infra by Flickr user Dylan Passmore
www.flickr.com...
creativecommon...
Tilikum Crossing By Steve Morgan, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
Casual Carpool by Flickr user Sharon Hahn Darlin www.flickr.com...
creativecommon...
BART By Utilizer - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, commons.wikime...
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Music:
CityNerd background: Caipirinha in Hawaii by Carmen María and Edu Espinal (RUclips music library)
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