Quantum Programming - Part 1
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- Опубликовано: 4 авг 2022
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INTRO
In modern digital computers, these instructions resolve down to the manipulation of information represented by distinct binary states. These bits may be abstractly represented by various physical phenomena, such as by mechanical, optical, magnetic, or electric methods and the process by which this binary information is manipulated is also similarly versatile, with semiconductors being the most prolific medium for these machines. Fundamentally, a binary computer moves individual bits of data through a handful of logic gate types.
LIMITATIONS OF ALGORITHMS
In digital computing, binary information moves through a processing machine in discrete steps of time. This is known as an algorithm’s complexity. An example of such an algorithm would be one that determines if a number is odd or even. These are known as linear time algorithms and they execute at a rate that is directly correlated to the size of the algorithm’s input.
This characteristic becomes obvious within a basic addition algorithm. Because the number of steps, and inherently the execution time is directly determined by the size of the number inputs, the algorithm scales linearly in time. Constant and linear time algorithms generally scale to practical execution times in common use cases, however, one category of algorithm in particular suffers from the characteristic of quickly becoming impractical as it grows. These are known as an exponential time algorithm and they pose a huge problem for traditional computers as the execution time can quickly grow to an impractical level as input size increases.
QUBIT
Much like how digital systems use bits to express their fundamental unit of information, quantum computers use an analog called a qubit. Quantum computing by contrast, is probabilistic. It is the manipulation of these probabilities as they move between qubits that form the basis quantum computing. Qubits are physically represented by quantum phenomena.
HOW QUANTUM PROCESSING WORKS
A qubit possesses an inherent phase component, and with this characteristic of a wave, a qubit’s phase can interfere either constructively or destructively to modify its probability magnitudes within an interaction.
BLOCH SPHERE
A Bloch sphere visualizes a qubit’s magnitude and phase using a vector within a sphere. In this representation, the two, classical bit states are located at the top and bottom poles where the probabilities become a certainty, while the remaining surface represent probabilistic quantum states, with the equator being a pure qubit state where either classical bit state is possible. When a measurement is made on a qubit, it decoheres to one of the polar definitive state levels based on its probability magnitude.
PAULI GATES
Pauli gates rotate the vector that represents qubit’s probability magnitude and phase, 180 degrees around the respective x, y and z axes of its Bloch sphere. For the X and Y gate, this effectively inverts the probability magnitude of the qubit while the Z gate only inverts its phase component.
HADAMARD GATES
Some quantum gates have no classic digital analogs. The Hadamard gate, or H gate is one of the most important unary quantum gates, and it exhibits this quantum uniqueness. Take a qubit at state level 1 for example. If a measurement is made in between two H gates, the collapsing of the first H gate’s superposition would destroy this information, making the second H gate’s effect only applicable to the collapsed state of the measurement.
OTHER UNARY GATES
In addition to the Pauli gates and the Hadamard Gate, two other fundamental gates known as the S gate and T gate are common to most quantum computing models.
CONTROL GATES
Control gates trigger a correlated change to a target qubit when a state condition of the control qubit is met. A CNOT gate causes a state flip of the target qubit, much like a digital NOT gate, when the control qubit is at state level of 1. Because the control qubit is placed in a superposition by the H gate, the correlation created by entanglement through the CNOT gate, also places the target qubit into a superposition.
When the control or target qubit state is collapsed by measurement the other qubits' state is always guaranteed to be correlated by the CNOT operation. CNOT gates are used to create other composite control gates such as the CCNOT gate or Toffoli gate which requires two control qubits at a 1 state to invert the target qubit, the SWAP gate which swaps two qubit states, and the CZ gates which performs a phase flip. When combined with the fact that a qubit is continuous by nature and has infinite states, this quickly scales up to a magnitude of information processing that rapidly surpasses traditional computing.
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Dear New Mind Creator's, I would suggest you to always attach the Source and References of the topic that you are displaying. This would ensure that whatever content you have created can be reviewed critically by your viewers. Thank you!!🤗🤗
15:54 bro forgot his voice was gonna get uploaded to youtube for a second
Wow that Hademar gate , lets me think " ..beam me up Scotty"..lol
Grtz from the netherlands
Johny geerts
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Injection_locking#Entrainment
PLEASEEEEEEEEEEEE WHERE IS PART 2 PLEASEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEEE
We desperately need more quantum computing videos that aren't just repeating "a q-bit can be both 1 and 0 at the same time".
exactly.
Lol
Please start making some.😁
dont forget that quantum entanglement is also repeated many times either
Yeah for real. Leaves us who understand this better than the average person just hanging around
I can't wait to watch this and not understand anything
Just take it in and let your brain sort it out while you sleep. That's how I learned to do a backflip 😆
İm almost through. Didnt understand Jack.
@@NewMind wait are you Max Deutsch? The guy who defeated magnus Carlson with a mental algorithm?
@@NewMind proof video when?
Feels pointless to watch if you’re not heavily involved in computer science already
00:10 The Algorithm
00:53 Binary data- logic gate types
01:10 CPU
01:30 Digital computing- processors
02:13 Algorithms complexity
02:22 Constant time algorithms - most efficient
02:55 Linear time alorithms
03:38 Brute Force Method
04:55 Exponential time algorithm
05:12 Intractable property
05:35 RSA algorithm
06:00 Why exponential problems require Quantum Computers
06:24 History of quantum mechanics-physics
06:46 Paul Benioff
06:54 Richard Feynman
07:28 Quantum Computers
07:35 Bits
08:23 Quantum Comp- probabalistic
08:32 Coherent Superposition
09:06 Quantum phenomena
09:24 Phase component (wave) interference
10:12 Quantum circuit
10:50 Statistical probabality
11:20 Bloch Sphere
12:04 Quantum logic gates
12:15 Quantum gate vs classical gate
12:29 Pauli gates X, Y, Z (180)
13:18 Hadamard Gate H
14:24 S (45), T(90) Phase gates
14:43 Composite Gates Rx, Ry, Rz, R¥
15:28 Entanglement
15:53 Control Gate- conditional
16:13 Control Not Gate ( C-not)
16:45 Bell State
17:25 Toffoli Gate
17:32 Swap Gate
17:36 CZ Gate
You are welcome 🌹
I think chapters should be added to these sort of videos... thanks
Hero!
Wow, beauty and smart!. 😏👍
Ty, so he never gets to any programming samples/demos at all.
Thanks!
You did an amazing job. I'm a software developer who double majored in Computer Science and Physics. Representing the qubit states as positions on the surface of a sphere did wonders for my ability to actually grasp the transformations being done upon them. This paired with working through and explaining the fundamental gates was an absolute banger of an educational service. Thank you.
I can't imagine having to learn this in a classroom as opposed to a video. I probably spent twice the video's length rewinding and repeating pieces of dialog until I could parse them out fully.
Any advice for first year comp sci?
@@dynodyno6970 I don't know why that feels like such a big question. I don't feel like I can get back into the head of an intro-course computer scientist anymore, but I do have some things to say?
- My understanding is that intro comp sci is a filter class. It gives you a taste, and it turns people away who get too frustrated at the kinds of problems computers throw at you. After this course, *it's all design philosophy*, until much later when you take Algorithms & Data Structures and Computer Architecture. The design philosophy classes will seem like obvious vague uselessness, UNLESS you've actually experienced the pain of trying to make a respectably sized program without good design first. Scraping together a program at 3am that barely does the thing you want it to do IS NOT SO DIFFICULT. What is extremely difficult is trying to make sense of the code and modify it in the morning, so that you can improve it and add new features. Until you've experienced the pain of trying to work with badly designed code, you won't understand design philosophy. However, the design philosophy you're taught may be woefully out of date. You'll probably be recommended a book like "Clean Code", which if I understand correctly, is very out of date, and you should not read it. I'm currently reading one called "A Philosophy of Software Design", published in 2018. I've only been employed for a year and a half as a full stack web developer, and I'm only now appreciating what it has to tell me.
- You'll probably have an easier time learning from videos than from text books.
- You likely won't really understand something until you've tried to build with it.
- Patience. Frustration is the mind killer.
- Those error messages are indeed telling you what's wrong, but they can be hard to understand given your lack of knowledge in your first course.
- Googling problems and best practices is MUCH OF YOUR JOB. Get really really good at writing search queries. The answer to your problem is out there 95% of the time, you just need the right query to find it.
- I'm tired now bye
Why are you taking intro comp sci? I feel like I could think of more things if I knew why you were interested, and maybe which subdomain of comp sci you were drawn towards.
Avery Lemons
So that would be a no then?
Hello. Do you think I can do my master's degree in astrophysics if I choose computer engineering for my undergrad ? I love physics but there is practically no jobs for it in my country so I'm doing that just to be safe if I don't travel
@@kepler-452b7 First of all, I'm in my early twenties, so I'm not the bastion of knowledge you may think I am.
Secondly, lol, I kinda did something like that. When finishing my Physics major, I realized that I would need to go to grad school for physics if I wanted to have marketable skills in it. I did not want to do this, so I quickly pivoted and was able to BARELY complete a second major as Computer Science. I didn't know what I wanted to do, but I knew that being good with computers could kinda make me useful anywhere I choose to go.
*If you can*, I personally think it's a great idea to also do Computer Science. Worst case scenario, you'll be employable. But also you'll be able to create more astronomy tools for yourself.
As a junior in high school, I did a project with the local university where we combed through Kepler data and used Python to turn some of the raw data into a huge folder of images of photometric curve graphs. I was a dunce when it came to Python at the time, but now I could have been so much more helpful.
6:15 - this measurement is supposed to be in core years, not years per core.
Core years means that your productivity is the product of the number of cores you have and the number of years you work. So 20 core years could mean 1 core working for 20 years, 2 cores working together for 10 years, or 20 cores working together for 1 year.
if more difficult problems were said to take more "years per core", that would mean that adding more cores would make the problem take longer to solve, which doesn't make sense for this problem, unless large clusters of CPUs unionize and go on strike.
Thank you for the clarification, was pretty confused since those measurements didn't really seem to add up.
Thanks for clarifying
This has been by far the best explanation of quantum computing I've seen on youtube. Both very accessible language but also deep information. Thank you! Can't wait for part 2!
This is the first in depth quantum computer video I’ve found in years! I was so interested in the subject, but couldn’t find a video explaining what those « quantum gates » were in detail. Really looking forward to watching part 2, keep it up!
Proton proton collusion and wave theory fo light can help you understand together with peridodontitis and ostheomielitis in the heart and endocarditis. Then you go to synapsis and neural transmission which is 1-120 m per second, and then you can understand the computer ;). First learn the human neuronal system then you move to computer and then only being a psychopath you can make logic of all this, as for me what tryed to do still is unknown for me.
This has been the best video I've seen on quantum computing. Respect. I love to learn.
This was the best single explanation of Quantum computing that I have ever encountered. Thanks.
In fact, New Mind's approach is what I hope to be the new wave of edu YT, embracing the technical details with clarity and focus (and amazing visual support). I watched a lot vids about quantum computing and all I got was a little more than knowing it exists. But with NM I am left both enlightened and fascinated. So I encourage you: don't shy away from fairly mundane but poorly understood science.
Wow that was awesome thanks so much I learnt a lot particularly about the logic quantum gates. Also I never knew about the speed of entanglement I assumed it was instantaneous. Really looking forward to future videos from your channel. Keep up the quality content.
Thanks for your clear and concise intro. I'm struck by both your grasp of what's essential and by your ability to cover a lot of territory without feeling hurried.
Is part 2 going to include how these quantum gates are created? I liked the visual representations of them in the video, but I struggle to understand how one goes about actually making one of these gates. Is similar to conventional logic where transistors are combined to create gates so the quantum equivalent would be using qubits to create quantum gates?
no.
they dont exist.
and they inprinciple can not exist.
case closed.
I don't think he's going to go into how gates are made. Probably the limitations of use as a quantum computer needs to run somewhere near absolute zero.
I'll be focusing more on the how the concept can be utilized for practical computing and the algorithms that are designed around it. Though I will touch a bit on the physical aspects and it's shortcomings. It's still a highly theoretical field.
The construction of the gate highly depends on how the qubits are physically represented. For example, if the qubit is polarization of photon, than a mirror is a single-input logic gate (it reflects the polarization along certain an axis). So is a delay line (shifts the phase). For electron spin, such logic gate could be a magnetic field applied in specific direction for certain amount of time.
Where it gets complicated are multi-input logic gates. You need some way to make the qubits interact in way that puts them in superposition. With photons, this is nearly impossible. With superconductor-based circuits logic gates are somewhat easier to construct, but moving the qubits is harder.
In general, the quantum gate is not a device. It is a process you apply to the qubits that are stored somewhere.
Like KohuGaly said, there is more than one way to skin Schrödinger's cat.
With classical computing for example, you could implement logic gates using whatever you want really, as long the inputs and outputs behave as expected:
You could use voltages on wires
Or water in containers: ruclips.net/video/IxXaizglscw/видео.html
Or mechanical force in legos: ruclips.net/video/5X_Ft4YR_wU/видео.html
Or redstone in Minecraft: ruclips.net/video/ggHEpL87i-I/видео.html
We just got really good at making them really small and fast using transistors so that's what we do.
Boolean logic existed long before computers did, it took a lot of effort to get our physical representations to be as fast and efficient as they are. Likewise, with quantum computing, the math is there, the race is now to design and build the best platform for it to run on.
And that could mean fastest / cheapest / easiest / warmest / etc. Unlike with classical computers, even in 50 years, there will likely still be multiple designs which use different types of qubits that are best suited for their specific applications.
Thank you for explaining the gates and the sphere representation of the quantum qubits. This was a great video.
I always love the voice of the speaker and the word choices too. It is like a silken blanket for my ears and mind
Part 2 please! This was so good. Also viewership generally drops as a series goes on so fingers crossed for a little bit of maths as well :)
the 'quantum mechanics' part of this video starts at around 6:34. Prior to that, the video talks about computer architecture and algorithmic complexity. That in itself is the best explanation I've ever come across.
Incredible video, love the practical emphasis but I'd also love to understand how these gates actually work, highly doubt there's a better explanation than what you could provide out there. Either way, looking forward to part 2 :)
This gets a bit into it ruclips.net/video/-UlxHPIEVqA/видео.html and this presentation has some detail as well quantum.phys.cmu.edu/QCQI/QC_CMU2 ...but it is a lot harder to find (right now) than the theory. (I haven't listed to it, by ruclips.net/video/A750loExcbM/видео.html might have promise as well.)
Can’t wait for quantum computing to be used for its real purpose. Programming actual AI responses and keeping track of complex relationship matrices in Visual Novels.
Dude, this is so well presented!
Your animations are just MINDBLOWING DUDE!!
Couldnt take my eyes off em!
And gr8 work explaining this. I've been delving into this domain for some time now and this is simply ONE OF THE BEST introductions I've found.
BRING ON PART II!!
I really like the way you maintain standards of your videos. "Made for science not specifically for views". Being an undergrad I like your vids a lot.
Wow. You always manage to dive deep into these topics and not just stop at a basic level like others. Very nice!
exactlyyy
He goes so deep so that he talks bullshit, those who dont have creativity and have low IQ the internet is full of those kind of sharlatans.
@@urimtefiki226 now i'm curious, what was factually wrong here?
Keep this series going for a long time please.
This One was solid. The music on point. Thank you.
Quantum computing is like asking me to build something then make an electrical diagram instead of a blueprint. I can think of some genius solution, put it in a mechanical drawing and build it, but ask me how the electrics work, I'll just wave my angle grinder at you and use my Jedi mind tricks. "This is not the right engineer you're looking for. Go two doors down, make a left and ask for Jeff. Move along."
Been waiting for a series like this
Beautiful animations and illustrations lad. Can’t wait for part 2
It's perfectly done, super video, can't wait for second part!
Was always curious on how Programming quantum computers work, nice video
Time to embark on a journey of learning. I am all here for it
Part 2, Part 2, Part 2…I can’t wait. Really struggling to understand how a problem is encoded and then the solution decoded with quantum computers.
As a Mechatronics engineer I understood pretty much nothing and loved it at the same time.
It would be interesting to see how a computer like this would work step by step in a simple program.
People already have a hard enough time with ladder logic. Lol
If you mean conceptually solving an example math problem using the gates, I think that's exactly what he's going to be the 2nd video. Looking forward to it, too.
Totally loved the video, I don't know if enough people on RUclips will be interested on this topic, but i'm making sure i like and comment to show my appreciation!
Thank you for this video😊😊😊😊❤❤
Great video - thank you!! Lookng forward to part 2!
Bravo. Best explaination of Quantum Computing on youtube.
Wow, mind blown!! In much anticipation for Part 2
During this summer I participated in a quantum computing camp where we learned all of these concepts, and even got to code them on really quantum computers. Thank u for the video, it's really good for reviewing those concepts!
Do you still use languages like python, java etc? And paradigms like procedural and oop?
What’s the name of the program?
Did you use windows os, Apple IOS or Linux? I bet the computer was already turn on. Did they run a video on the same machine?
This is an amazing video, very indepth. I like it a lot and I hope you continue your great work :)
Thank you, this was soooo good. Admittedly I did not understand it as much as I would have liked but it is the very first time I’ve ever watched a video or read an article where I honestly believed the author knew how quantum computers actually worked. It has been repeatedly disappointing to read the title of an article/video and to find out quite quickly that the author has no idea what they are talking about. I very much look forward to the rest of the series. 😊👍
Bro you're crazy :D
How can you so casually make a video on such a complicated topic.
Like it's as easy as 2+2 for you.
The animations/explanations are so beautiful at the same time!
Fantastic to have logic circuits explained at the quantum level
Golden presentation of many things.
Wow, this is so mind blowing and extremely interesting. Thank you for making these videos!
Thanks a lot!!,
Can't wait for Part 2!!
Can't wait for part two!
Absolutely what I was looking for! Thank you!
Quantum cyber warfare: **looks at network**
CRASH
I've never needed a "part 2" this badly, that was an AMAZING explainer in the second half. I feel like I finally understand quantum computing enough to start poking at it, and I'm so hyped to see where this technology goes.
One note - entanglement doesn't allow for faster-than-light communication. If I recall correctly, it still requires 1 bit of classical information to make the entanglement happen, and using the qubit destroys it, meaning you need to do more entanglement. Or something to that effect. Googling "quantum entanglement faster than light" should give you what you need.
That's still _really_ fast, because it essentially means computation and information is all at the speed of light. You're not running on metal and silicon -- you're running on reality itself.
Yes, I have yet to see anything show that quantum entanglement is effectively different from if I wrote A and B on pieces of paper, sealed them in separate envelopes, gave you one, traveled ten million light years in the opposite direction of you, opened my envelope and seeing that it has A written on it, learn that your paper says B, and therefore claim I have moved information faster than the speed of light.
It is very tempting to think it may be possible to transmit data faster than light, and people try to concoct ways to do it with entanglement, but it seems that even when it appears possible on paper there's some physical reason it doesn't actually work. Similar to other areas of science, like perpetual motion machines.
There are meaningful differences versus my A/B example, I can't remember what they are but they are interesting and people are trying to find applications...
But none of them break "information conservation", or you'd see money pouring into the first video feed of the future.
Sadly, no ansible for us anytime in the near future, it seems.
@@craigslist6988 I don't think the A/B example is accurate. It's mathematically guaranteed that the two will be the same, you just don't know which one until you open it.
I don't think the actual, provable math ever showed faster than light information travel was possible - that's just something people keep saying.
Thank you for this informative and educational video.
Always a joy to experience a video from your mind, New Mind!
Welcome1
amazing video. 👏 can't wait for part 2
Thanks for sharing this. It's really accessible to ordinary people like me.
Please continue this series
For anyone looking to dig deeper, "Quantum Computation and Quantum Information" by Michael Nielsen and Isaac Chuang is a great text on this topic. I recently started reading it, and I'm already struggling with the math in it, so I try to pick it up needed as I go cuz this stuff is so damn interesting.
Amazing video! Br, sci/tech videoholic. Can not wait for next next episode! Best visuals ever, you r a wizard!
finally, a quantum computing primer video that goes beyond, well, there probabilities, n stuff
Really looking forward to the second part because this first part was really REALLY well done. Sound Desing, Graphics and over all Information was perfectly compromised into a really informativ and nice to watch video. Great Job
My brain hurts 😂
Great presentation, extremely professional. Thoroughly enjoyed it.
Awesome video we need more of these.
I understood this! Clearly explained
What an intrigue you left in the end... It's been 5 moths already, where is the 2nd part?? Can't wait to watch it!!
Been waiting on this one
I've been watching videos about quantum computing since 2017. I still feel like I don't really get it, but I hope to see the technology advance!
Who knows? In 20 years, a gaming PC might be powered by a GPU with quantum acceleration built in!
> I don't really get it
it means you know something about physics, and yor mind has a strong grip of reality.
all this Q. computing stuff is a YYYUGE HOAX
Part 2 will probably shed some light on why they probably won't ever be found in general purpose computers- If quantum computing even becomes practical.
Noooo
@@NewMind I feel like, it can be useful for specific tasks such as GPUs used for visual computing. We might see QPU as an additional component in maybe the next 3-4 decades.
@@NewMind That's a bold statement to make saying quantum computers won't be around for normal people. I'll be back to prove you wrong in the future. For now I'm waiting for part two.
This video has get explanation. I love it. Where can I find part 2?
Thanks for the quantum knowledge, now I have learned something I still don't know
This was great. Where can I find part 2?
Above good editing bro which software do you use
I finally feel like I really understand what's going on with these things. That was great! It does sadden me, however. Since I very likely will never have the power of such a computer at my fingertips.
this is the best video i ever seen
This is so amazing
Quantum mechanics, programming computing or whatever it is literally magic , we've come so far , that we can create literal magic
Good series :)
Great video! Could you post the bibliography to check the details and learn more about this topic?
brilliant is my favorite plateform❤❤
Now I understand that Quantum Programming is just a fancy way to perform Addition and Subtraction.
Thanks for this, I finally start to understand quantum computing. The stuff you usually hear does not help "q-bits are in a superposition" - well and how does this help exactly?
Phases! As an electrical engineer an "of course!" moment.
That was beautiful and great graphics
This content is absolutely incredible. It feels difficult sometimes to find good content which explains quantum computing to a more advanced level, so I'm really excited for your upcoming video.
Hey, thank you for the awesome video. Where's the second part?
pls make a playlist out of this I'm looking forward to it
This is a AMAZING video
Amazing presentation as always, mind blown.
Mind blown.. So in other words, you need a new mind?
@@bovanshi6564 Exactly!
Well played my friend. 😆
I never understood this quantum bit hype as seeing that it's purely based on probability, I thought that it could fatally produce inaccurate results.
And now that you've explained how these probability could be manipulated using gates and advanced math stuffs. As a math lover, I certainly feel proud knowing that these thousands of years of math discovery can be finally given a justification to how these math stuffs can be applied. What a time to be alive
Maths has been essential to several fields lol why
Amazing video!!
Good video! Where's Pt 2?
Excellent video!!!
The use of Hadamard and CNOT gates to manipulate entanglement is related to the concept of "entanglement swapping." While this can create correlations between distant particles, it still doesn't allow for faster-than-light communication. The outcome of the entanglement is random and cannot be controlled to transmit specific information.
Off! Thank God you are alive. I subscribed you after watching that Switzerland flywheel bus video. I believe you upload video once in a month.
It's my eager request to increase the frequency a little bit. Not much, just one in 15 days.
Anyway thanks for this video. 👍🏼
Trust me there's plenty of financial incentive to step it up. Its a challenge I haven't been able to pull of quite yet. I am trying.
@@NewMind oh I am sorry. I didn't know that. It's perfectly fine. Once in a month is also a good frequency 😄.
Why don't you upload your content on nebula. That platform is made for quality content and made by quality people like you. Actually I am a curiosity stream and nebula subscriber for almost a year. I have been following their engineering and physics, math contents as these two are my favourite subjects.
I don't know about their monetisation strategy. But if that helps you and if you wish to join, tell it to your next video. I will pay my subscription fee by using your promo code for sure in November 2022 for one year subscription.
The research time and animation work behind each episode makes the waiting time quite understandable....
Qubits that are entangled, when measured, their outcomes aren’t dependent on each other therefore there is no “communication” happening faster than the speed of light. Their states were set when they were entangled
Good job Sir.
This channel should be called New Mind Blown
Can't wait to watch the next video. 😤😤😤✌
Part 2 asap!
This is Awesome!! 😁
congrats friend... Linear algebra and general geometry helped me to fully grasp the content without ever directly studying quantum computing, although i suspect, one day, as a software engineer i will have to study it.
The idea that ortogonality implies dimensionality, with weak or semantics codependency, helped me a lot to intuitionally visualize the importance of phase and the z axis rotations. also nlp models helped me on understading how we can encode oposition and the degree of this oposition into 180 vectors of variable length from 0 to 1 with origin from the center of the semantic space. Thanks man.
weak or none*
i could feel the power of collapsing entangled qubits over comptutations.
Finally... I never understood how we could leverage a non-deterministic phenom to generate must be deterministic results, and your explanation that we would collect statistical data from many iterations and probably empirically test the outcome made it clear to me. Probably one feature of this kind of computation will be precision treshold sufficiency, when the result is good enough to not demand further narrowing of the probability distribution for the empirical phase.
Wow, really powerful. Only using state superposition and entanglement. That's fantastic. Anyway I have a degree in physics engineer and another in mechatronics engineering. I would love to work with this kind of things😍. Basically we could bypass P vs NP problem using quantum computer. Nice! If I understand well, since measuring will collapse the state, if we want to have "control"we should have a model in order to estimate the probability of a state in any point in the quantum circuit architecture and obviously know apriori the overall architecture that we are using for solve a specific problem. So we collapse the measure only in some strategical point ("end states") millons of time and make a probability profile in order to get the final answer. I think that I will study more about the quantum logic gate and all this stuff. Totally loved the control gate part. 🔝🔝🔝
maybe the best explanation I found about the Q programming. Thumbs up! (and one more subscriber for you)