How Time Travel is Possible through a Black Hole...to the PAST!
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- Опубликовано: 6 авг 2024
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Chapters
0:00 - You are a time traveler
2:32 - Spacetime & light cone review
6:15 - Flat Spacetime equations
7:03 - Schwarzschild radius, metric
8:42 - Light cone near a black hole
10:15 - How to escape black hole
10:39 - Kerr-Newman metric
11:34 - How to remove the event horizon
11:50 - What is a naked singularity
12:20 - How to travel back in time
13:26 - Problems
Summary
Time travel is nothing special. You’re time traveling right now into the future. Relativity theory shows higher gravity and higher speed can slow time down enough to allow you to potentially travel far into the future. But can you travel back in time to the past?
In this video I first do a quick review of light cones, world lines, events, light like curves, time-like curves, and space-like curves in this video so that you can understand the rest of the video.
A space like-world line means that the object has to travel faster than light. But moving anything to the speed of light requires an infinite amount of energy to accelerate. So this is not possible.
Going faster than the speed of light can create scenarios that allow you to travel back in time. But since this is not physically possible, we need to figure out a clever manipulation of space time. This means we have to solve Einstein’s equations of General relativity.
The simplest spacetime is a flat spacetime. The equation for this can be expressed in Cartesian or spherical coordinates. But to travel back in time we need more complex spacetime. The first solution ever presented to Einstein’s field equations was done by Karl Schwarzschild. He formulated non-flat spacetime that happened to describe a black hole, when no one had ever heard of it.
The r_s term in this equation is called the Schwarzschild radius. It is the point beyond which nothing can escape the black hole, because in order to escape, you would have to go faster than the speed of light, which you cannot do. In this equation when r is equal to r_s in the dr squared term, we get a zero in the denominator. This makes the term is undefinable. Its physical meaning is the event horizon.
Looking at the light cone of objects falling into the black hole, if the object is far away, then its cone is upright. As it starts falling into the black hole, it starts to tilt more and more as it falls further towards the black hole. Exactly at the event horizon, the light cone lies tilted at 45 degrees. All future events point to inside of the event horizon, meaning there is no escape from the black hole even at the speed of light, once you enter the event horizon.
Eventually the light cone will point completely towards the singularity at the center. This means that all future events will lie at the singularity. The singularity is a future moment in time rather than a point in space.
The spacetime inside black holes can allow travel back in time. But even if we can go back in time inside the black hole, the event horizon prevents us from escaping the black hole. So what good is it going back in time if we are trapped inside the black hole? It turns out there is a way to escape it.
In 1965 the Kerr-Newman metric was described by Ezra Newman. It describes a rotating black hole. There are ways we can remove the event horizon in this metric. When you do the math, we find that if the black hole is spinning fast enough, the event horizon disappears. It is then no longer a black hole, but a naked singularity. A naked singularity, is just a singularity with no event horizon.
This is important is because when you don’t have an event horizon, you can go near the singularity in the center, but come right back out. There is no event horizon, that otherwise prevents you from coming out of a black hole.
#timetravel
#nakedsingularity
Now we can theoretically travel back in time by going around the singularity. This happens because we can traverse a closed time like curve, which allows world lines from the future cone to loop around into the past light cone. We can loop our light cone around the singularity such that our future light cone ends up in the past light cone of where you started. And now since we are not bound inside the black hole by the boundary of the event horizon, we can come out of this spacetime back to about where we started, but at a time BEFORE we started. We went back in time.
But there are a few problems. First, theory doesn't mean reality. Black holes may not be able to physically rotate fast enough for the event horizon to disappear. The math works with a test particle with little gravitation, but not at higher gravity such as that of a human. 
Наука
“So you’re telling me there’s a chance...”
Bingo!
@Portal Opener it will take me time to read and understand what u wrote, but hey! I am just impressed!
@@Yashraj13 its gibberish from a looney
@@fitnesspoint2006 probably a junkie
@@Yashraj13 I wouldn't bother, it's all technobabble
I want to travel back in time and meet my younger self so I can give him a swift kick in the arse.
nothing like a good ole self arse kicking, eh?
or some money when needed it the most
Unless you remember already meeting your older self in the past, it's not going to happen in the future.
@@wasd____ Not true according to the many worlds interpretation.
@@gwentchamp8720 If many worlds is true, then it would be someone else you're meeting in the past, not yourself. It becomes a moot point then because it wouldn't change *you.*
Wish I could watch this live then go back in time to do my work.
lol I would eat cake & then go back in time & still have my cake. Would we get stuck in a time loop though? I think I might.
It would be like the anime “Harumi suzumia ”
There is a chance......
Time travel, in any direction, becomes *_trivial_* once you realize time *_and spatial motion_* are inextricably linked: *v=tUrkmu8Mpas* Then, traveling in time is simply a matter of moving things around. Move the waves & particles your body is made of back to where they were a minute ago, and presto, you've made yourself one minute younger. 😌
Don't we all!
Only Arvin cool ash can explain it to anyone so easily and with simplicity from 5 year old kid to 92 year old grandpa. From high school student to housewife and to truck driver.
Man that must be a smart 5 year old.
Brian green literally does that from age 5-experts
I think you should say, " Magellan TV, Yesterday's sponsor, Today's sponsor, tomorrow's sponsor, everyday's sponsor" #sponsorforever
I get chills when you say ‘Coming up right now’ and the music starts
“This is not so straightforward”: kudos writing staff. 🎯
Arvin the goat. Hands down most underrated youtuber in existence. Dope beanie too
What’s with the wardrobe though? Like, seriously, dude needs to be on an episode of, “What Not To Wear.” 😂
Must have been a bad hair day?
It sometimes literally disappoints me to no end how little likes and views his amazing detailed videos get, while stupid memes and like begging videos get millions of likes. Poor Arvin, just 5K likes for such an amazing video.
Very nice pfp bro
@@alphagt62 IIRC he said in an earlier video that he got some kind of surgery and was covering up the bandage with the beanie. As of his newest vid looks like it's all healed up!
Grin on Arvins face when he told there might be a chance,,
Well, maybe HE came back in time ;-)
This channel is just a gold mine, love your videos.❤️
There is no chance
This channel is just amazing. Here the more complex concepts are well explained, but without losing their richness. Thanks for the excellent job.
Even though I hardly understand this it’s still fun to watch, and u manage to simplify it yet still get across all the key information so I still have some idea what’s happening. Best channel out there!
"Traveling back in time is not so straight forward" so many lolz here! :D
Subbed. Thanks for explaining the 45degree angle of light because that was something I never understood. Cheers.
Consistently brilliant videos. I am so glad you make them, and thank you
This is the best video ever. Not only you talk about black hole, but you also talk about the cone of "what can happen" and visuale it! I can understand 2D just fine, but when it comes to 3D, I'm lost. No more sir! Now I can understand exactly! Thank You sir! Amazing work!
Phenomenal work man, Arvin is working magic!
Excellent video, as always. Very interesting, informative and worthwhile video.
Arvin, this is mindblowing. The graphs, the visualisation, the way you explain so simple, everything makes you feel weirder that this shit may actually be possible. It feels little bit scarry right now. The universe is such a crazy and weird place
What a Knockout video. Tremendous stuff... many thanks.
Fingers crossed for the ability to travel back in time.
Plans to build a TARDIS next please!
🤗
I love the optimism, we need more of it.
🥺❤️❤️
Amazing as always!
Great video this week. This time travel subject is very interesting.
Excellent video! As long as we still have a chance it’s worth to keep searching.
Really awesome video, as always! Thanks, Arvin.
Just a little minor nit, or perhaps I should say “a missed opportunity”: In your often-shown time-dilation train illustration (time 0:20), perhaps you should also show the train compressed horizontally as well?
Can I travel to the future and watch this instead of waiting 😂
No point of watching this if you can travel
Look at me! Back at you! You are in the future now!
@@UnchartedWorlds I will make one comment after 15min so before that time tell me what m I gonna comment
You won't notice any difference since sequencially you watched it 😂
You can't skip time
Deep
I actually got a grasp of all you were saying.
You are a great teacher.
I can safely say that this is the best science channel on you tube. Great work. 🤩👍👍
You are such a BECONE of Knowledge I always Like your videos
I'm addicted to these videos but my brain is like the anti-blackhole. Nothing goes in. 😆
So your brain is a white hole.
Very well explained...you r true to your words simplifying complex things.. Cheers
Changing the perspective to looking "down" into the singularity at 12:55 made it click. Thank you. Great video. :)
Time is relative not only in "space and time" but also in humans mind. We humans are psychologically bounded by relativity of time. For some depressed person 1 day may equals to week or months, but for other productive people like arvin arsh , it's just blink of an eye. ❤️
If time travel ever happens, it always does.
🔥
Unless it causes a recursion loop. Then If we can we can’t... Science is neat isn’t it?
What if time travel is invented but its range sucks so it takes a lot of "time" to go back. Like Tenet but instead of going backwards in real time, you go backwards much more slowly than forward. You keep pushing the invention of time travel back bit by bit all the way to the beginning. It would appear like a exponential increase in tech and knowledge into a technological singularity, much like what we see today. Our singularity might be time travel, not AI.
That depends on your idea of what a "time travel" is.
That would mean we’ve already came in contact with time travelers
I love you walking through and explaining the math formulas
When I was 13 I saw a classic movie, one of the greatest movies OF ALL TIME, it was called Revenge of the Nerds and the message was that it's okay to be smart, enjoy science and be a nerd, that lesson paid off because I actually understood everything in this video. I think I'll subscribe now.
Excellent video as usual!! I'd love to hear your thoughts about Dr. Mallett's work relating to this.
Time is our method of keeping track of earths movement through space. Gravity/velocity doesn't affect "time" it affects the "vibrational" velocity of atomic structure, therefor the concept of moving backwards through time is impossible because we can't reverse the movement of objects through space.
Great point, spot on!
Excellent comment! 100% agree. Of course your statement isn't as entertaining as hypothesizing about going through a wormhole and coming out in a parallel universe through the 8th, 9th or 10th dimension - but I prefer to ponder about the universe we actually have, as opposed the the invented one that is often discussed by science fiction writers - oops I mean physicists.
Since GPS technology has demonstrated that time does dilate in gravity and velocity - but doesn't dilate reciprocally for velocity as Einstein theorized, then we can assume that time (and its dilation) is a completely local effect where repeating fundamental behaviors are actually responsible for what we emergently perceive as time, with the slowing rate due to some interaction between the atomic systems and the gravity and/or velocity they are exposed to.
Thats a long and fancy way of saying "entropy" lol. I am pretty sure Arvin and all those fancy physicists know about the entropy.
@@keptins no it isn't. Entropy is a different thing entirely, I am not talking about the freedom of movement that atoms have with various energy le els.
@@angryscottishbiker5097 I hear you. I believe travelling back in time is possible as long it means travelling back in space. Also travelling in time is itself an outdated way of expressing an idea. I mean if there is a way to travel in time then there is no point in it. But still in an infinite universe anything is possible. Any thing.
as always excellent video, thank you
Great finishing remarks! Straight to the point.
What if we could keep going into the past to the point when that black hole was a star , there's a possibility that we don't need naked singularities then right ?
I tried that. The good news is that I could have escaped the gravity to rejoin civilization. The bad news is that my space suit melted and I became my own naked singularity.
this is an interesting idea, many things I can think of would arise as issues, but yes, I want to hear more about this idea...
Thanks a lot both of u for thinking about the idea
Well we could go even more in the past to the point when it didn't even exist
If you're inside the event horizon there is no going back. All forward light cones converge to the singularity, it's not a case of "go back until it's not a black hole" you can't go back once you cross the event horizon.
"I was so much older then, I'm younger than that now"
Time travel, in any direction, becomes *_trivial_* once you realize time is not a separate dimension but inextricably linked to *_spatial motion:_* *v=tUrkmu8Mpas* Then, traveling in time is simply a matter of moving things around. Move the waves & particles your body is made of back to where they were a minute ago, and presto, you've made yourself one minute younger. 😌
you´re right Bob Dylan
@@miguelo65 Good for you Miguelo. I was beginning to wonder where Bob's fans were on this channel.
@@goasthmago6354 Your objection misses my argument. No one's said it would be easy, just _trivial._ There are many trivial things that are incredibly hard to do -- like manually counting every single grain of sand on a beach, for instance. Also, if making yourself younger by 1 minute is too difficult for you, why not start with a simpler task? E.g., try moving the arms of your kitchen clock back by 1 hour. In doing so, you *_will_* actually move the arms back in time. Not completely, since you probably cannot move back every single particle & wave given off by the clock's arms since, but hey: only bite off what you can chew, right? 😉 Of course, the most common objection to this is that moving back the arms of a clock not actually move back time but at most create "the illusion" of moving back in time... *but that isn't true!* Because if you _did_ manage to move back ALL the clock arms' particles etc., the result would be indistinguishable from the result of actually going back in time -- it's a perfect symmetry of time and motion. Two entities/objects indistinguishable in every respect are identical. Thus, the simple act of moving things back into a previous position is identical to moving those things back in time. This does not just go for the sum of ALL the clock arms' particles but also for those you do manage to move back. EVERY spatial motion is a motion in 3D time (see video: *v=tUrkmu8Mpas* ). 😌
@@goasthmago6354 You're just confirming what I'm saying: the perceived direction of time is simply a result of our way of counting it. It's like counting how many miles your car has made: you always only get a *_positive value..._* and yet, when it comes to your car's spatial motion, you do not conclude that it must have been driving all those miles in one direction only, right? No, it's been driving forward, backward, and all around. So why are you assuming the contrary when it comes to time? 😉
As usual loved the video. They are getting better!
Astounding explanations !
@arvin Ash That's the most ridiculously perfect explanation of the terms I've ever seen. Great channel mr. Arvin! I really appreciate your work! Could you tell me what song is playing at 7:38? It really fits the unimaginable things which happens under the even horizon with spacetime itself. Please, I need to know!
Going back to the future is possible. Every atom has vector or trajectory. And if you can find the way to reverse its trajectory then you can in fact go back in time...
I can't wait to see you in the next video my friend
Such an amazing & wonderful vid!
@Arvin Ash Thank you for showing a visual description of how light cones tilt. It still seems an odd concept because light speed particles don't experience time at all, they are massless, timeless objects existing simultaneously in the past, present and future. I'd assume the origin of a light cone is any object / particle traveling less than the speed of light.
I'd love to see a video describing what happens to the perceived time of a person as they walk at a constant speed, relative to a stationary observer in a room simply filled with light. As the speed of light moves constant for everyone regardless of motion through space, and they are both inertial frames, they would perceive an unintuitive experience of time... I'm sure your viewers / myself would love to understand this bizarre concept of how motion through space slows passage through time :-)
Yes, I should have made this clearer. Light cones can represent any particle or object, including you. It just represents all the future and past events that are causally connected to each other.
@@goasthmago6354 Mate that was beautiful. Above and beyond description. Which leads to a more serious question. As you understand this so precisely, do you believe in freewill? Afterall, observing any relative motion is equivalent to observing the past. And of course, the person you're observing also perceives yourself as their past due to the block time of photons surrounding both of you.
The moment he says «right now» is when you have to wait.
Very nicely explained. Great job
Didn't expect this on a friday morning. Nice
Time travelling is my next business venture.
Another problem with the existence of CTCs is that inside realistic rotating black holes , the inner Cauchy horizon , and the regions beyond it , probably do not exist , due to serious instabilities (blueshift/ mass inflation) ,so time travel may not be possible not only for naked singularities , but even inside normal Kerr black holes.
Yes, that is possible. The equations seem to work, but like you said, real singularities may impose further barriers.
CTCs seem too cool to be true , but ,again ,people had the same attitude about black holes 60 years ago , so who knows?
By the way , very good video , as usual.
Thank you sir for all your videos. This is the real online education, which should replace the conventional teaching style in our educational institutions.
Very clear. Great work.
"Divide by 0" *angry math class noises*
I like to think that time travel could be possible as long as the end result and starting condition stays the same.
It kinda already is.
Look at the sky, the light you recieve from stars escaped them thousands of years ago, so you basically see a visual snapshot of how they were at that time.
Just Awesome !!!
Brilliant video !!!
Love these videos bro!!
Most exciting moment while watching this video... Let's take a look, (background music) coming up right now
I don't need for my corporeal being to travel backwards in time. I just need to the ability for my future self to send a light beam back in time with next week's lottery numbers and I'm all set. Now where did I put that naked singularity....
Hopefully you never find it. Causality is very cool. Madness is not.
thanks. it's very interesting what I see, ...
Love your content so so much!
Don't give me hope to study for my last year's offline exam which i thought will be online
I bet that stock footage guy wishes he could travel to the past and get a better costume
You true, if time is longer, the past is not far.
We don't know where we will arrive in the past with Big natural black hole... Here is lying the problem, if you arrive at another place in the past or worse : the black hole birth (then you literally die in, too many gaz and radiations... Maybe a tiny circular singularity), who know ?
It's better to get another way of transportation. ;)
lol that costume was perfection
That “costume” you speak of is a standard NASA timeflight chrononaut uniform.
Yea pretty cringe
Thanks for the chapters
"Well, there are a few problems" :) love that line
I am theoretically time travelling through time right now, theoretically!
except your position at the present moment in reference to time in relation to your position remains in a constant fixed present moment in time
@@tonygilbert73 oh with the tick mark I thought you were a verified RUclipsr with more than 100K subs or so
As usual, you make amazing videos. I have a question.
Does light or light photons have mass? If so, how can they trave at the speed of light? If not, how can gravity have an effect on them?
Photons do not have a rest mass. However, they do have energy. They do curve spacetime. Mass and energy curve spacetime.
@@ArvinAsh thank you. I would certainly be interested in a detail explanation, in the amazing format you use to create your videos.
Why light has a speed, why can't it go faster, and finally, the effects of gravity on energy vs. mass. Again, thank you for your amazing videos.
@@raulc. i think hes already done a couple on this. search arvin's back catalogue of videos. if not you can check out another great physics channel-the science asylum, which you should also be able to grasp. he also uses plenty of visual aids such as graphs. and you dont really need to know the math, theres plenty of conceptual and visual explanation to provide you with intuitive energy and mass are equivalent. you can think of rest mass as confined energy i.e. energy that has been trapped.or since the higgs field provides the rest mass of the fundamental particles that make up all fo hus humans-i.e. electrons and the up and down quarks-which all three make up protons and neutrons-the nuclei of atoms, you can think of electrons and quarks travelling through the higgs field and the field being like thick honey, with the particles struggling to travel through. thus the particles acquite inertia-a resistance to being moved. you and i have rest mass-which is a measure of our resistance to being moved. it is hard to accelerate objects with rest mass. by the time you get to near light speed the difficulty of accelerating the massive object further becomes infinitely difficult i.e. requires infinite energy, and so objects with rest mass/inertial mass cannot reach light speed. light speed is not just the max speed of light but the max speed that anything can travel through the medium of the spacetime continuum. formally this is described by two components-permittivity and permeability. this is-how well space as a medium can conduct electric fields and how well space can conduct magnetic fields. light i.e. visible light is just a tiny part of the electromagnetic wave spectrum. gamma rays, x rays, ultra-violet, visible light. infra red, radiowaves, microwaves. might have missed one out, but thats pretty much the whole spectrum. all are just different frequencies of electromagnetic waves also called radiation, which are composed of an oscilating electric field and an orthogonal oscilating magnetic field, the moving electric field creates the magnetic field, which creates another electric field and so on. so there is a max speed that the medium of space can conduct the electric and magnetic field components of EM waves through it. however more fundamentally it was discovered that gamma rays-the most energetic of EM waves, i.e you would die from exposure to them most certainly,travel exactly same speed as the least energetic of the EM waves-the radio and microwave end of the spectrum which we use in our daily lives e.g. internet, mobile phones, radios, microwave ovens. so the max speed through space has been reached and despite gamma rays having loads extra frequency/energy it doesnt make them go through space any faster. which is very counter intuitive. picture a sprinter going faster over two hundred metres yet not travelling any faster. hence there is a universal speed limit, denoted by the famous algebraic symbol of C, which is a fundamental constant i.e never changes. this C lays the foundation of special relativity where everyone experiences different durations of time and different spatial lengths in their respective reference frames, especially when their acceleration or strength of gravitional field they are in are substantially different relative to their neighbour. this is due to the phenomena of the relativity of simulaneity-one of the three-four key special relativity postulates.
Many physicist refer to the constant C-the speed of light, it as the speed of causality. since the limit set by the medium of the space-time continuum plays a fundamental role in causality/events. if you were travelling at the speed of light, all of your movement would be along the space dimensions, and none in the time dimension, so your clock will have stopped. you cease to age, cease to experience time including no more change. photons of light experience no time, their internal clocks are frozen. only stuff with rest mass experiences time, since having rest mass means your angle of movement through the space-time medium has to be tilted at least partly along the time dimension axis. in fact for all of us humans, we move almost exclusively along the time like axis, and barely at all along the space like axis. thus most of us dont even leave this planet, are relatively motionless spatially and thus move through time very quickly and thus do not live very long -eighty-one hundred twenty years is a cosmic blink. we get a tiny time dilation affect from being in the gravity well of the earth.if the speed of light was infinite, a gamma ray burst from a supernovoe one hundred thousand light years away if pointed in the direction of earth would reach earth instantaneoulsy, and we would experience an extinction level event , of ninety five percent of all life going extinct or even worse like the other historic mass extinction events, the last of which happened some hundred million years ago with the big meteor wiping the dinosaurs out, =endong the reptile age, and allowing mammals and thus eventually primates to dominate the landmasses of earth. s
o stuff takes durations of time to reach us and us to reach destinations determined by fundamental properties of the spacetime medium/continuum. the geometrical properties of the spacetime bubble we find ourselves in give rise to certain symmetries which initially existed as a ultrs ordered initial state at beginning of universe-like a perfect shape, but then with in particular changes in temperature and density, the symmetries broke , most in fractions of a second after the birth of our universe based on following the math back in time. this three spatial dimension, one time dimension arena is going to determine the allowed behaviours of particles and fields.based on the properties of itself-i.e. the vacuum states permitted to exist. anything that is massless not just light but also gluons which carry the strong nuclear force also travel at C too. just as arvin showed with the space-time diagram, the speeds end up being angles. so light speed is forty five degree angle, and space like speeds are angles beyond forty five degrees, thus they leave our light cone, have become causally disconnected to us, and could go back in time. as the velocities/speeds are angles, light speed in one sense can be said to be infinite, since no steeper angle is permitted geometrically. there is a speculative idea, an interpretation if you will of antimatter as being the backwards in time version of matter. because an electron which for us has negative charge if it did go faster than C/the speed of radiation, it would go backwards in time, and it would appear to us to switch to positive charge i.e. it would look like the antimatter positron. however, i may be wrong in this last point here, but i believe the positron would have negative energy, negative rest mass if it were really going backwards in time. whereas the positrons created in those big particle accelecators at CERN and fermilab and others. all have positive rest mass. so if you want to think of going faster than light, think of negative rest mass, negative energy. and a sort of mirror parallel universe where these faster than light negative rest mass particles and possibly whole big celestial structures would be. such a mirror universe has been proposed seriously. even searched for experimentally, such a mirror opposite side universe would be from our perspective have time running the opposite direction to our arrow of time. and would be located in our past i.e. going further and further away from us towards our past boundary e.g. the big bang. however if you were in that mirror universe, your time would appear to pass in a similar fashion to here. that is just a speculative but fun thought experiment im ending on. though its not ruled out.
@@shaunhumphreys6714 wow... That was a very detailed explanation. I have to be honest, I enjoyed reading it. Thank you.
@@raulc. ah, thanks mate. Im glad you got something from it. it's admittedly not as perfect a reply as i would have wished to write, as it's speed typed answer/s to your queries, and my mind wanders in an ill disciplined manner, which annoys me, but its generally correct at least. i hold reputation fpr being very detailed and also well known for being the worst at a concise comment!! stay curious. :)
Great ideas i love your topics
Loved this video
Is it possible to create negative gravity? If so, how would that affect time?
I've heard it said that gravity is not a real force like magnetism, so negative gravity probably can't happen. I think it's just the effect of a variation in space time density in a local area that causes your feet to "travel" through time faster than your head.. So your feet pull your head. If that's true then to create negative gravity, you would first have to create negative space time, so you would already have the time machine. But I have no idea what I'm talking about 😁
@@jameshughes3014 no no your close if you take the relativity explanation of gravity your right
Since gravity is curvature of spacetime that would be a white hole, which is a possible solution to Einstein's GToR. But have not been observed in reality.
@@matthewcahill4475 huh, cool. Thanks , wasn't sure I understood it
Define "negative" gravity.
5:30
How fast is that person walking to nearly keep up with a train moving at 0.5c? 🤔
He’s walking at normal speed. It’s just a yuge train a long way away.
I love his explanation and voice
Amazing Ash.
how’s Higgs field different from “ether” that was described during Newtonian era ?
Ether was an attempt at explaining electromagnetic force, Higgs is gravity. Ether was part of an earlier understanding of physics, which then adapted through experimental findings, to lead to a more complete and complex explanation.
Do u mean that you want this Answered in a vid
The Higgs field explains why some particles have mass; if a particle interacts with the Higgs field, it has mass and therefore must travel slower than the speed of light. If it doesn’t interact with the Higgs field then it is massless and can only travel at the speed of light. It isn’t the case, as is often reported in the media, that the Higgs is the source of all mass though; the vast majority of the mass of say a proton comes from the binding energy of the constituent quarks, not Higgs interaction.
The luminiferous ether hypothesis posited that light traveled as a wave in a medium (the ether), similar to how sound travels in a medium like air or water. The two concepts aren’t really related.
@@JohnnyAmerique Excellent description of Higgs. I do like the fact that nuclear binding energy is responsible for most of the proton mass. Since E = mc2 - then when fusion or fission create a loss in mass that converts to energy as in a bomb or nuclear reactor, what is really happening is that the emergent measurable property of "mass" is really emergent from the associated energy. So in the end E = E !!!
As far as the ether goes however - In reality, each light-generating atom carries electric fields around all of their charged particles and at the moment of light creation, a kink or ripple begins to travel along the electric field as an electromagnetic wave. So in short - each electron involved in generating light is carrying its own personal "ether" before, during and after light propagation.
Really, the only thing they have in common is that they're both supposed to permeate everything. The ether was supposed to carry electromagnetic waves, and the Higgs field doesn't carry electromagnetic waves. The Higgs field is supposed to give particles mass, and the ether wasn't supposed to do that. . And from experiments the Higgs field exists, because Higgs particles seem to have been found, and the ether does not exist. Instead, EM radiation seems to be fluctuations in electromagnetic fields, IIRC.
If we can go back to past, can we change history. Or does history remains fixed like harry potter series?
@Zed is dead according to articles on the internet time travel follows Novikov's self consistency principle which forbids changing history and that if you tried, something will stop you from doing so.
Thanks for sharing the great idea. It seems when traveling at different speed than a stationary observer. The time moves at different speed. Which means stationary and moving are two different dimensions.
Loved itttt💯💯🙏🙏✨✨
technically, we are all time traveling because time zones exist
Thank you soo much, sir ❤️
I'll see you in the previous video, my friend!
Excellent
Great vid as always.
Here is an interesting connection.
The limit of the Lorentz transformation for time dilation is equal to √2÷2, or 45° on the unit circle.
loved the content.
Such an inspiring video
It's one of your best videos
Road to 1 mil by year end...more power to you!
Your video really enthusiastic 🎉🎉🎉🎉🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
Timelike, lightlike and spacelike. I was reading Roger Penrose and he uses this terms a lot
The problem with "traveling back in time" (to the past), is from past's (and present's) POV, someone from the future would have to already exist to make the trip back.
Am new here but I love this guy ❤️
Knocking doors for time travel is courageous ❤️❤️
I hope time machine will be invented. I want to go back in June 2020 to take care my foster father
Thank you Arvin for your well presented and intriguing material, I am grateful for the clarity and simplicity of your explanation which provides great insight. I have two questions. First, what are the constituent elements of the "past light cone"" I see that the elements of the future light cone are photons per se, and are the direct result of the switching on of a light source. I am curious as to what constitues the past light cone in terms of "all events in the past that are causally connected to A" This would surely be more than just the behavious of light.. Second question; it seems counter-intuitive, but Kerr-Newman metric suggests that the faster the spin of a black-hole, the weaker the event horizon, until at a fast enough spin the EH mahy be discounted owing to no further measurable gravitational effect.... Counter-intuitive because, generally with higher rotational spin velocity of an object, the greater the gravitational force that is exerted by that object. I will study further, but your material here is exceptional and thank you..
Arvin you may be the best in this business
Thanks for the vid! If I could go back in time to 7:00, I'd make the graph and subsequent equations agree by interchanging φ and θ somewhere :)
Sir u r the best...
The outro pumped adrenaline in me.