Just a little mistake. The first university in the Iberian Peninsula was in PALENCIA not Valencia. Palencia is nowadays a little town located in northern Spain with a quite rich history.
I wish he spoke more about specific medieval thinkers like Roger Bacon or Albertus Magnus, to many people still think that medieval Europeans were anti science or that church claimed the Earth was flat (neither is true).
Only two notable Christian thinkers have believed in a flat earth going all the way back to the 1st century. One of those was Lactantius, an Arian Christian who was influential in converting Emperor Constantine. We know about this because his opponents constantly made fun of this ridiculous belief, and his friends argued that being very wrong on this one point should not be added to a list a charges for heresy because the shape of the Earth is not relevant to matters of salvation.
The second one was Cosmas, a monk from fourth century who was very much obscure in the east and completely unknown in the west and yet anti christian historians treat him like some supreme authority.
The word "college" comes from the term "collegium," which can mean corporation. "University" or "universitas" means "the whole, the total, the universe, all things turned together into one."
It comes from the Latin "Magis" meaning "greater" and a suffix used for titles indicating a job. It is the source of our word "master," but it does not indicate ownership or natural superiority like the word "dominus" (lord or slave master). Most people who have studied Latin are most familiar with "magister" as the Latin word for a grammar school teacher, but it is more broad than that. It denotes pretty much anyone who exercises power over others which has been entrusted and delegated to him by some greater authority. The foreman of a jury or a work crew would also be called a magister, and the second in command of a Roman dictator was the Magister Equitum (master of the horsemen). (The dictator himself also held the title "magister populi," meaning master of the people or of the infantry.) (Technically "doctor" is the word for teacher, but it is preserved for a true expert qualified to teach in his own name without supervision. In a medieval university setting, a Magister was one with a Master's degree which gave him a license to teach liberal arts courses under the supervision of a Doctor who ran his department.) The word Magister is in contrast to the word Minister, which is formed from the word for "lesser" and then the same suffix for occupation. A minister would be the assistant assigned to work under the magister.
My University's central building is a giant Neo-gothic skyscraper called the "Cathedral of Learning" and I feel this video has re-contextualized its design and existence to me
I'm happy this is being covered. So many seem to think the Catholic Church is hostile to science and critical thought, but from Augustine to Anselm and Aquinas to Galileo, the Church was the principal funder of those pursuits in Europe for a thousand years.
Yep, the conflict thesis, positing that religion and science have been and will always be in conflict, is a very entrenched bit of misinformation that millions seem to believe. This is despite the fact that the idea was only coined in the past 150 years, has been debunked, and almost every actual historian agrees this was not the case. I suppose it is one of those things that seems true based on many people's strawman ideas about religion. Study real history guys! ;)
I wish that he could have actually pointed out how important the Catholic church was in creating universities. Although I generally like their videos I thought he was very dismissive of the Catholic Church and not giving it’s due credit. I was pretty disappointed in this one. I’d be glad to be corrected. Please let me know if I missed something positive about the Church in this video.
Thank you Catholic Church for inventing universities and hospitals and the big bang theory and developing and preserving the western culture along with the Romans and still having tons of universities and hospitals in the world and being by FAR the biggest charity giver. People are always hating on the Catholic Church, but you owe so much to it, even if you're not Catholic, and they still help the world so much. There are terrible scandals, but out of over a billion 1.2 billion Catholics, there's bound to be a lot of people who are not actually good, it's impossible for any institution serving for millenia and being so big to be clean, though I wish it were.
I love these structures. They truly encourage you to seek out any mysteries and wonders in life. Not only is it beautiful, but the most ancient contain bits of Latin and symbols to enforce the divine vibe. The old library in Detroit near the DIA museum also has these features.
What about Nalanda, Taxila and other Indian Universities from the 5th century BCE until the 13th century CE which brought in thousands of students across Asia.
ASIAN culture was full of diverse knowledge, science, colleges and universities until CHENGIZ KHAN killed them and destroyed many of the Libraries and HOUSE OF WISDOM!
Studying law in Medieval Europe wasn't really pleasant either. European law was (and still is) based around Roman law and the only source of Roman law is the Justinian Code, written 50 years after the fall of the Western Empire. The collection of books basically contained mountains and mountains of cases from Roman times that students studied. They also needed to write the cases down themselves BY HAND and would end up with their own copy.
Actually, at most universities you had to first study Liberal Arts before you got to study anything else. But if you finished those, it was more than enough to become a priest, it was really not necessary to study Theology to become a priest. Also, the students really didn't buy books. Almost never. Why? Because it was soooooo freaking expensive! It was expensive to even make notes (ink and parchment were not cheap) so they had memorize and memorize and memorize.
Knowledge is discovered and disseminated, not produced. It’s not a consumer good tailor-made to fit a particular market or majority opinion. I guess that opinion is my consistent bother with CC lately. But I still love all the information they share!!
Interestingly the pinnacles on the butresses are not decoration, but weights to load the Column below and prevent it going into tension at one side. I had to analyse King's College chapel as an exercise in second year structural engineering.
Several things: 1. "Going to these places didn't make you a Christian, like going to Taco Bell doesn't make you a taco." This is, of course, true, but why even say it? Are you trying to reassure people that it's okay for non-Christians to travel back in time and visit medieval Cathedrals? Other than Jewish populations, which varied in size and statistical significance from place to place, by the time of the period you're talking about--unless we're talking about the southern extremities of Italy--the population of Western Europe was virtually completely Christian, so, while a cathedral does not a Christian make, medieval Europe kind of mostly does. 2. While the Cathedral School of Aachen was an extremely important site for the centralization of education during the early Middle Ages, the only institution that is consistently (though controversially) referred to as a "proto-university" is the medical school at Salerno (which is only controversial because some consider it a university, though this view has fallen out of favour in the last 150 years). Aachen was not a proto-university precisely because it had no corporate element, and catered only to the elites of the palace complex. Nobility were extremely rare at universities well into the "Renaissance." 3. "Mont-pell-yeay." Not "mont-peel-yer." 4. I like that you mention oaths. That isn't mentioned enough in the scholarship. 5. While it's true that universities had to be "somewhat Catholic," since everyone at the university had to be Catholic anyway, they wanted to teach according to their faith. The few disputes that came about involved either disputes about what "Catholic" was, or the teaching of the Islamic texts mentioned in previous episodes, but still within a Catholic context. 6. Woooah, woah, woah! The arts faculty can't be equated to the higher faculties. It wasn't for those who "couldn't cut it," it was the stepping stone TO the higher faculties, that the vast majority of students had to complete before they entered upon medicine, law, or theology. Also, it wasn't necessarily the goal of students to come away with a degree. A huge number of students went on to act as administrators, etc., and never needed to graduate to attain these positions. 7. Thank you for making a video about the cathedrals and universities.
if you count the iberian peninsula, or travellers from the islamic world to the italian peninsula, there were a fair amount of muslim & jewish people studying in early universities, seeing as the reconquista & inquisition weren’t quite as thorough as some might believe
Universitas means a lot of things, including corporation, but also basically any group or community of people united in a purpose, and it also means the universe.
I was deeply amazed with how the cathedral was made. This Cathedral is formulated by the Europe but then Cathedral are very important part for both Christianity. Western Architecture begins around the year 312 C.E. it was mostly based on the ancient Roman.
One glaring issue I have is that France is indicated as owning Belgium and the Netherlands in the Middle Ages which is inaccurate, it controlled Flanders for a long while but that’s it. Eventually it lost that province until it was retaken by Napoleon, who incorporated both countries into the Empire, but was lost again by 1814. Also the pronunciation....Montpelier **shudder** Other than that I still really enjoyed the video! CC is one of my fav series!
The cathedral in my city is a 120 meters tall cone with huge vitrals. The building is inspired in sputinik and was designed in the futuristic style, search for Cathedral Maringá if you want to know more!
Let's not forget Heidelberg University! (from Wikipedia) "Founded in 1386 on instruction of Pope Urban VI, Heidelberg is Germany's oldest university and one of the world's oldest surviving universities."
I love you so much Crash Course that I *hate* to complain, but the most recent iteration of the theme music is SO LOUD compared to the rest of the videos. And the bass is crazy loud too (especially the CC Theater vids). The thing is, I like to watch CC in the evening and if I have the volume up enough to hear the program, the theme music is loud enough to wake people in the next room. I know there have gotta be people out there trying to watch CC vids with sleeping babies in the house, too. Pretty mega please, could it be brought down in line with the dB of the rest of the vids? I can't be the only one who has an issue with this. Love you, CC!!!
It's amazing to think how much cathedrals influenced the emergence of European scholarship! It makes you wonder how (the equivalent of) universities would have been different if they had developed out of some other tradition.
Universities are not just any kind institution of learning, and science is not just any way of creating knowledge. That's why their history doesn't include institutions that did not end up becoming universities and thought traditions that didn't end up becoming scientific.
While I understand that this video is about "Cathedrals and unis in europe", I think that it's a shame that the series didn'discuss the idea from a world-view first, and established a definition of university before claimin'the first ones were in Europe. The library of ALenxadria or University Al-Qarawiyyin are predecessors to that, but many people claim they are not universities, why ? How do you define a university, who coined the term first, what's its equivalent in other languages ? Do you define a university as a body that teaches universal knowledge in a class with professors and that delivers degrees after you finish a pre-set curriculum ? Al Qarawiyyin fits that definition. Do you define it as any body where knowledge can be acquired by people regardless of details ? The lib of ALenxadria fits the definition. Bref, I think that for the aevrage viwers, the transition to lens on europe was too fast. Great video though.
Hi Hank, I know it's not your style, but i think a more james burke-connections approach could help in the future, if you'd wish to deep dive into the history of science. If you haven't seen the old Connections series, well..thank god for youtube :p
You didn't mention the progress from cathedral schools to universities. There is no firm divide between these, cathedral schools gradually became universities. When the word university was minted it was not some big change it was the aknoweledgement of a change that had already happened.
I was wondering why Hank was spending some much time explaining cathedrals and what they look like and where they were built and I found that strange as I see the cathedral in my city every few days and I see cathedrals of neighboring counties and cities whenever I'm on the train or on a trip. So I'm guessing he is going into so much detail of explaining them because their are not cathedrals in the US? They are very beautiful if there are not you should visit one if you're ever in Europe. As most people in the UK and many European countries are very familiar with cathedrals.
I really loved this video and the entirety of Crash Course in general! But, like any good scholar after a talk, „I have a quick question.“ I am currently taking a class on the beginnings of medieval universities in Europe (specifically Paris, Bologna, and Oxford) for my MA in Medieval Studies and History and literally today gave a talk about the emergence of the university of Oxford! =D One thing I was wondering: how did you decide on the date 1096 for the founding of OX? Because one of the big issues we had in preparing our presentation (and that we discussed in class for quite a while) is that the university wasn‘t „founded“ as such, it emerged because of a number of hard to define factors (like its role as a centre for ecclesiastical courts, scholars being unable to go study in Paris because of wars or royal edicts, etc.), so we couldn‘t decide on just one date of foundation. I am not trying to be contrary, I am genuinely curious what made you decide to go with 1096 as the date, because it is such a murky issue!
I used to live in Oxford and this is one of those things that comes up at parties there quite often. Yes, Oxford was not officially founded. The date of foundation of OU is conveniently set for tourists as the date when the first articles of governance were laid down (possibly in the crypt of St Mary's church - now a cafe with really good cakes). The problem comes in that teaching of one description or another had been going on for an unknown number of decades beforehand and we hit a very Aristotelian problem: how you define a university. Scholars had been taking in students in the same town for a while, does that constitute a university? Or do we say that there has to be some act of incorporation and if so what are we implying about the learning beforehand? I would imagine that crash course took the most widely-cited date for the earliest concrete evidence of teaching as the question of when an institution without a foundation date came into being is a bit less tractable than the disputation about angels and pins.
just curious about whether alchemists and bishops we're associates in the cathedral building era? (since its mentioned "economic opportunities in cathedral cities attracted many skilled workers" How were this workers paid? also, because both alchemists and bishops had an earth centered universe perspective)
Great series, but: "[The medival era] was an era of frantic economic growth in Europe [...]" Ever taken a look at Angus Maddison's long run GDP series?
Error with "History of Science Playlist". Episodes "History of Science #11" and "History of Science #12" are not included in the History of Science playlist, even though #10 and #13 are included.
Well it's not so strange Charlemagne had direct contact with the Ummayyad caliphate in Iberia who also gathered knowledge the same way as their abssid cousins in Baghdad. And who inherited that tradition from the Persians and the Aegyptians. Charlemagne wanted to be the same kind to ruler as his counterpart in Byzantium and the old emperor's of Rome and so he started gathering knowledge the same way they had. In many ways the carolingian renaissance is perhaps the most pivotal moment in west European history.
Just a little mistake. The first university in the Iberian Peninsula was in PALENCIA not Valencia. Palencia is nowadays a little town located in northern Spain with a quite rich history.
so when are we getting crashcourse architecture?
Yes please! Long overdue!
Oh boy yes that's going to be awesome!
Yesssss please
Thanks for taking it up! :-)
please oh my!!
I wish he spoke more about specific medieval thinkers like Roger Bacon or Albertus Magnus, to many people still think that medieval Europeans were anti science or that church claimed the Earth was flat (neither is true).
Only two notable Christian thinkers have believed in a flat earth going all the way back to the 1st century. One of those was Lactantius, an Arian Christian who was influential in converting Emperor Constantine. We know about this because his opponents constantly made fun of this ridiculous belief, and his friends argued that being very wrong on this one point should not be added to a list a charges for heresy because the shape of the Earth is not relevant to matters of salvation.
The second one was Cosmas, a monk from fourth century who was very much obscure in the east and completely unknown in the west and yet anti christian historians treat him like some supreme authority.
Herodotus 94 interesting.
The word "college" comes from the term "collegium," which can mean corporation.
"University" or "universitas" means "the whole, the total, the universe, all things turned together into one."
magister343 out of curiosity, where the term magister comes from?
It comes from the Latin "Magis" meaning "greater" and a suffix used for titles indicating a job.
It is the source of our word "master," but it does not indicate ownership or natural superiority like the word "dominus" (lord or slave master).
Most people who have studied Latin are most familiar with "magister" as the Latin word for a grammar school teacher, but it is more broad than that. It denotes pretty much anyone who exercises power over others which has been entrusted and delegated to him by some greater authority.
The foreman of a jury or a work crew would also be called a magister, and the second in command of a Roman dictator was the Magister Equitum (master of the horsemen). (The dictator himself also held the title "magister populi," meaning master of the people or of the infantry.)
(Technically "doctor" is the word for teacher, but it is preserved for a true expert qualified to teach in his own name without supervision. In a medieval university setting, a Magister was one with a Master's degree which gave him a license to teach liberal arts courses under the supervision of a Doctor who ran his department.)
The word Magister is in contrast to the word Minister, which is formed from the word for "lesser" and then the same suffix for occupation. A minister would be the assistant assigned to work under the magister.
In this sense it means something like 'union', i.e. a union of students, universe is a seperate meaning for it.
It still means cooperation- it's 'the whole', as in a 'whole' group of people coming together to study.
Well,after hand washing all of the dishes in the house,there’s no better way to unwind than learning about science with Crash Course!
Why not watch while doing dishes?
Wow. You never know when you will learn about ancient nanotechnonogy.
Thanks crash course.
Thanks procrastination
I knew Hildegard of Bingen was a composer but she was also a scientist?!? I want an episode on this woman!
My University's central building is a giant Neo-gothic skyscraper called the "Cathedral of Learning" and I feel this video has re-contextualized its design and existence to me
Pittsburgh!
I
H2P! Gotta love Cathy
That bit about Cathedrals made me want Crash Course Architecture more than ever!
I'm happy this is being covered. So many seem to think the Catholic Church is hostile to science and critical thought, but from Augustine to Anselm and Aquinas to Galileo, the Church was the principal funder of those pursuits in Europe for a thousand years.
Yep, the conflict thesis, positing that religion and science have been and will always be in conflict, is a very entrenched bit of misinformation that millions seem to believe. This is despite the fact that the idea was only coined in the past 150 years, has been debunked, and almost every actual historian agrees this was not the case. I suppose it is one of those things that seems true based on many people's strawman ideas about religion. Study real history guys! ;)
Mostly because they were the only ones with spare money.
I wish that he could have actually pointed out how important the Catholic church was in creating universities. Although I generally like their videos I thought he was very dismissive of the Catholic Church and not giving it’s due credit. I was pretty disappointed in this one. I’d be glad to be corrected. Please let me know if I missed something positive about the Church in this video.
"... Just like going to taco bell doesn't make you a taco" - you had me Hank 😂
Thank you Catholic Church for inventing universities and hospitals and the big bang theory and developing and preserving the western culture along with the Romans and still having tons of universities and hospitals in the world and being by FAR the biggest charity giver. People are always hating on the Catholic Church, but you owe so much to it, even if you're not Catholic, and they still help the world so much. There are terrible scandals, but out of over a billion 1.2 billion Catholics, there's bound to be a lot of people who are not actually good, it's impossible for any institution serving for millenia and being so big to be clean, though I wish it were.
Crash course is really winning me back over with these series. I love the work you guys are doing!
Irrelevant as it may be, it's so adorable how excited Hank gets about Copernicus :D :D :D
I love these structures. They truly encourage you to seek out any mysteries and wonders in life.
Not only is it beautiful, but the most ancient contain bits of Latin and symbols to enforce the divine vibe. The old library in Detroit near the DIA museum also has these features.
What about Nalanda, Taxila and other Indian Universities from the 5th century BCE until the 13th century CE which brought in thousands of students across Asia.
ASIAN culture was full of diverse knowledge, science, colleges and universities until CHENGIZ KHAN killed them and destroyed
many of the Libraries and HOUSE OF WISDOM!
SING THE BELLS, BELLS, BELLS, BELLS
BELLS OF NOTRE DAME!
skye w who was the man and who was the beast
Damn, have you heard?
Studying law in Medieval Europe wasn't really pleasant either. European law was (and still is) based around Roman law and the only source of Roman law is the Justinian Code, written 50 years after the fall of the Western Empire. The collection of books basically contained mountains and mountains of cases from Roman times that students studied. They also needed to write the cases down themselves BY HAND and would end up with their own copy.
Writing by hand was the only way to copy anything back then.
I see that animated Lucy Worsley - thought café, well played
34 years old, and I still smirk at the term "flying buttresses".
I love the choice of analogy "... just like going to taco bell doesn't make you a taco."
Mika Norlén jäderberg but going to taco bell means you're eating taco.
But technically, if you go to cathedral, you do eat Christ.
very true
Michael Panggabean you can eat a burrito
Actually, at most universities you had to first study Liberal Arts before you got to study anything else. But if you finished those, it was more than enough to become a priest, it was really not necessary to study Theology to become a priest.
Also, the students really didn't buy books. Almost never. Why? Because it was soooooo freaking expensive! It was expensive to even make notes (ink and parchment were not cheap) so they had memorize and memorize and memorize.
Knowledge is discovered and disseminated, not produced. It’s not a consumer good tailor-made to fit a particular market or majority opinion. I guess that opinion is my consistent bother with CC lately. But I still love all the information they share!!
Been reading a biography of Galileo recently, there's a big segment where all the local thinkers start arguing about the circumference of hell
So... people went to cathedrals to eat Christians? Man, I'm learning so much from CrashCourse. :P
They went there to eat Christ. ;D
varana312 and drink his blood
Interestingly the pinnacles on the butresses are not decoration, but weights to load the Column below and prevent it going into tension at one side. I had to analyse King's College chapel as an exercise in second year structural engineering.
*HEY LOOK, HENRY'S COMES TO SEE US! GOD BLESS YOU, HENRY!*
I can't stand watching her presentations but I love that you threw Lucy Worlsey into that thought bubble sequence.
Monks: The genius of the Middle ages.
Thank god I’m not a taco. Tuesday isn’t very far away
This video is not part of the playing list for History of Science in the Crash Course Channel
I wish I was born in the time when knowledge meant the world to everyone. 😭😭😭
"Artis Liberalis" is the genitive singular form. It means "of the liberal art." I think you meant "Artes Liberales."
the playlist ended at 10 needs to be updated
Several things:
1. "Going to these places didn't make you a Christian, like going to Taco Bell doesn't make you a taco." This is, of course, true, but why even say it? Are you trying to reassure people that it's okay for non-Christians to travel back in time and visit medieval Cathedrals? Other than Jewish populations, which varied in size and statistical significance from place to place, by the time of the period you're talking about--unless we're talking about the southern extremities of Italy--the population of Western Europe was virtually completely Christian, so, while a cathedral does not a Christian make, medieval Europe kind of mostly does.
2. While the Cathedral School of Aachen was an extremely important site for the centralization of education during the early Middle Ages, the only institution that is consistently (though controversially) referred to as a "proto-university" is the medical school at Salerno (which is only controversial because some consider it a university, though this view has fallen out of favour in the last 150 years). Aachen was not a proto-university precisely because it had no corporate element, and catered only to the elites of the palace complex. Nobility were extremely rare at universities well into the "Renaissance."
3. "Mont-pell-yeay." Not "mont-peel-yer."
4. I like that you mention oaths. That isn't mentioned enough in the scholarship.
5. While it's true that universities had to be "somewhat Catholic," since everyone at the university had to be Catholic anyway, they wanted to teach according to their faith. The few disputes that came about involved either disputes about what "Catholic" was, or the teaching of the Islamic texts mentioned in previous episodes, but still within a Catholic context.
6. Woooah, woah, woah! The arts faculty can't be equated to the higher faculties. It wasn't for those who "couldn't cut it," it was the stepping stone TO the higher faculties, that the vast majority of students had to complete before they entered upon medicine, law, or theology. Also, it wasn't necessarily the goal of students to come away with a degree. A huge number of students went on to act as administrators, etc., and never needed to graduate to attain these positions.
7. Thank you for making a video about the cathedrals and universities.
if you count the iberian peninsula, or travellers from the islamic world to the italian peninsula, there were a fair amount of muslim & jewish people studying in early universities, seeing as the reconquista & inquisition weren’t quite as thorough as some might believe
Universitas means a lot of things, including corporation, but also basically any group or community of people united in a purpose, and it also means the universe.
I was deeply amazed with how the cathedral was made. This Cathedral is formulated by the Europe but then Cathedral are very important part for both Christianity. Western Architecture begins around the year 312 C.E. it was mostly based on the ancient Roman.
Everyone knows the vikings were the most educated people during the middle ages.And if you disagree you get raided
No, those exceptional people are called "Mongols"
Yes, learn about St. Hildegard von Bingen! And listen to her music!
Love the content Crash Course! Great job 👍🏾
Every time you said Montpellier a piece of me died.
Lol, flying buttresses. Even an actual buttress flying is kinda funny
The subtitles are not syncing with the video. Can anyone fix that? Thanks :D Great video as always, by the way.
One glaring issue I have is that France is indicated as owning Belgium and the Netherlands in the Middle Ages which is inaccurate, it controlled Flanders for a long while but that’s it. Eventually it lost that province until it was retaken by Napoleon, who incorporated both countries into the Empire, but was lost again by 1814.
Also the pronunciation....Montpelier **shudder**
Other than that I still really enjoyed the video! CC is one of my fav series!
Thanks, Hank.
The Night King +
I love that wall color.
You guys forgot about Coimbra, in Portugal! One of the oldest Universities in the world, older than Valencia's!
I've been watched your videos for past few weeks, hope you make your own podcast about world history
I can’t take this episode seriously. Flying buttresses face serious winds so they must thrust down to fight the winds tearing at the buttresses
The cathedral in my city is a 120 meters tall cone with huge vitrals. The building is inspired in sputinik and was designed in the futuristic style, search for Cathedral Maringá if you want to know more!
quite ugly
I'm on #12 of CrashCourse & I thinks my head is going to exploded but I say More, More, More, ........................
Who else was reminded of the Chartres segment of F for Fake by the section in this video about Cathedrals?
Was... was that a Lucy Worsley character?
I'm almost certain it was. Nice little detail. I love me some LW docs ^^
Satyasya Satyasya Me too, absolute career goals 😂
Glad someone else noticed. Love her docs and her little character was spot on. 😍
The birth of institutionalized knowledge
A gargoyle has to have a water spout. If it's just stone, then it's not a gargoyle, it's a grotesque.
"Hildegard - Way ahead of her time"
Let's not forget Heidelberg University! (from Wikipedia) "Founded in 1386 on instruction of Pope Urban VI, Heidelberg is Germany's oldest university and one of the world's oldest surviving universities."
It would be great you talk about Saint Albert the Great and Saint Thomas Aquinas
Not unlike a modern University... Disregarding certain cultural aspects.
Crash Course: History of Art and Architecture :D
I love you so much Crash Course that I *hate* to complain, but the most recent iteration of the theme music is SO LOUD compared to the rest of the videos. And the bass is crazy loud too (especially the CC Theater vids). The thing is, I like to watch CC in the evening and if I have the volume up enough to hear the program, the theme music is loud enough to wake people in the next room. I know there have gotta be people out there trying to watch CC vids with sleeping babies in the house, too.
Pretty mega please, could it be brought down in line with the dB of the rest of the vids? I can't be the only one who has an issue with this. Love you, CC!!!
love this series
I' m German, it is so cute how you say Aachen :)
It's amazing to think how much cathedrals influenced the emergence of European scholarship! It makes you wonder how (the equivalent of) universities would have been different if they had developed out of some other tradition.
Universities are not just any kind institution of learning, and science is not just any way of creating knowledge. That's why their history doesn't include institutions that did not end up becoming universities and thought traditions that didn't end up becoming scientific.
Hank, that's really not how to pronounce Montpellier...
We need a crash course on the history of discrimination. Including racism, antisemitism, and homophobia and transphobia.
FANTASTIC!!!
Can't wait for the next episode :)
The oldest University in Spain is Salamanca not Valencia - very cool episode, like all of them!
Itneed to be repeated: Aristotle made good guesses, but EVERY THING HE SAID WAS WRONG.
Cool video!
While I understand that this video is about "Cathedrals and unis in europe", I think that it's a shame that the series didn'discuss the idea from a world-view first, and established a definition of university before claimin'the first ones were in Europe. The library of ALenxadria or University Al-Qarawiyyin are predecessors to that, but many people claim they are not universities, why ? How do you define a university, who coined the term first, what's its equivalent in other languages ? Do you define a university as a body that teaches universal knowledge in a class with professors and that delivers degrees after you finish a pre-set curriculum ? Al Qarawiyyin fits that definition. Do you define it as any body where knowledge can be acquired by people regardless of details ? The lib of ALenxadria fits the definition. Bref, I think that for the aevrage viwers, the transition to lens on europe was too fast. Great video though.
Hi Hank,
I know it's not your style, but i think a more james burke-connections approach could help in the future, if you'd wish to deep dive into the history of science. If you haven't seen the old Connections series, well..thank god for youtube :p
Abbe Suger used John Erugina’s Aeropagite to construct Norte Dame.
Loved this !!! Thank you !
was the historian in the glass section based on Lucy Worsley? if so, kudos
You didn't mention the progress from cathedral schools to universities. There is no firm divide between these, cathedral schools gradually became universities. When the word university was minted it was not some big change it was the aknoweledgement of a change that had already happened.
Moldbug, anyone? The Cathedral is well and alive today...
is this the first episode of crash course architecture
university = cooperation
thank you
Valencia, yeah! Graduates, represent!
OMG, you just made my day
"1100 is the new 30."
10:40 Nietzsche: HELL YEAHH!!!
I was wondering why Hank was spending some much time explaining cathedrals and what they look like and where they were built and I found that strange as I see the cathedral in my city every few days and I see cathedrals of neighboring counties and cities whenever I'm on the train or on a trip.
So I'm guessing he is going into so much detail of explaining them because their are not cathedrals in the US? They are very beautiful if there are not you should visit one if you're ever in Europe.
As most people in the UK and many European countries are very familiar with cathedrals.
I love this guy
I really loved this video and the entirety of Crash Course in general! But, like any good scholar after a talk, „I have a quick question.“
I am currently taking a class on the beginnings of medieval universities in Europe (specifically Paris, Bologna, and Oxford) for my MA in Medieval Studies and History and literally today gave a talk about the emergence of the university of Oxford! =D
One thing I was wondering: how did you decide on the date 1096 for the founding of OX? Because one of the big issues we had in preparing our presentation (and that we discussed in class for quite a while) is that the university wasn‘t „founded“ as such, it emerged because of a number of hard to define factors (like its role as a centre for ecclesiastical courts, scholars being unable to go study in Paris because of wars or royal edicts, etc.), so we couldn‘t decide on just one date of foundation.
I am not trying to be contrary, I am genuinely curious what made you decide to go with 1096 as the date, because it is such a murky issue!
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I used to live in Oxford and this is one of those things that comes up at parties there quite often. Yes, Oxford was not officially founded. The date of foundation of OU is conveniently set for tourists as the date when the first articles of governance were laid down (possibly in the crypt of St Mary's church - now a cafe with really good cakes). The problem comes in that teaching of one description or another had been going on for an unknown number of decades beforehand and we hit a very Aristotelian problem: how you define a university. Scholars had been taking in students in the same town for a while, does that constitute a university? Or do we say that there has to be some act of incorporation and if so what are we implying about the learning beforehand? I would imagine that crash course took the most widely-cited date for the earliest concrete evidence of teaching as the question of when an institution without a foundation date came into being is a bit less tractable than the disputation about angels and pins.
5:35 "Killed 75 to 200 million people, which was 30 - 60% of Europe's total population." Is it me or does this not make much sense?
just curious about whether alchemists and bishops we're associates in the cathedral building era? (since its mentioned "economic opportunities in cathedral cities attracted many skilled workers" How were this workers paid? also, because both alchemists and bishops had an earth centered universe perspective)
Great series, but: "[The medival era] was an era of frantic economic growth in Europe [...]" Ever taken a look at Angus Maddison's long run GDP series?
when are we getting a crash course calculus?
Everything I know about cathedral building I learned from *Pillars of the Earth*.
Error with "History of Science Playlist". Episodes "History of Science #11" and "History of Science #12" are not included in the History of Science playlist, even though #10 and #13 are included.
Cool video 👍
Well it's not so strange Charlemagne had direct contact with the Ummayyad caliphate in Iberia who also gathered knowledge the same way as their abssid cousins in Baghdad. And who inherited that tradition from the Persians and the Aegyptians. Charlemagne wanted to be the same kind to ruler as his counterpart in Byzantium and the old emperor's of Rome and so he started gathering knowledge the same way they had. In many ways the carolingian renaissance is perhaps the most pivotal moment in west European history.
Who else wants Crash Cource to do Math lectures as well...
Yeah, awaiting.
EDUCATION WILL ALWAYS BE A BUSINESS.
How come #11 and #12 aren't on the History of Science Playlist?
This and the next videos weren't added to the playlist.