George Washington, Ft. Necessity & Braddock's Defeat | Mapping History | Colonial America | colonies
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- Опубликовано: 26 сен 2024
- What was the French and Indian War?
What is the Seven Years War?
What was Fort Necessity?
Who was Braddock?
The French and Indian War, also known as the Seven Years War, is often misunderstood,. This conflict, in which George Washington played a major hand, determined the fate of North America.
Washington was 21 when he set out in 1753 to notify the French at Fort Le Beouf near Lake Erie that they were trespassing on British land.
Virginia Governor Robert Dinwiddie sent Washington out a second time to the Forks of the Ohio in 1754 to assist the Ohio Company. Washington is at the trading past Will's Creek (Cumberland, Maryland). He learns that the French have secured the Ohio River fork, but he presses on. He builds Fort Necessity in the Great Meadows.
Washington is involved in a skirmish at Jumonville Glen. The diplomat de Jumonville is killed. The French and native Americans strike back. Washington surrenders at Fort Necessity.
The next year in 1755 Washington sets out with General Braddock to take Fort Duquesne at the confluence of the Ohio, Monongahela, and Allegheny Rivers. The British redcoats and militia are attacked near Fort Duquesne on July 9, 1755. Ojibwa (Chippewa), Ottawa, Shawnee, other Great Lakes native americans, and French Canadians defeat the British. Iroquois and Algonquian nations are involved on both sides, but most support France.
Finally in 1758 Washington is able to take Fort Duquesne while in General Forbes command. The British build Fort Pitt. Ft. Pitt becomes modern day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
Washington is an important figure in the British colonies, Virginia, Pennsylvania, and America in general.
Music Credits:
"Trickle of Water" by Underbelly & Ty Mayer
"Bach Cello Suite no. 1, G Major" performed by Cooper Cannell
"Ghost Town" by Quincas Moreira
Film by Jeffrey Meyer
Satellite images by Microsoft Bing Maps and Google Maps
Images from the Library of Congress
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This is the most complete account of Wahington's early military career that I have ever read, or seen. Not surprising because I am not a professional historian, but I am 75 years old, and deeply appreciate this work.
Thank you! I really appreciate your nice comments. It was a labor of love to put it together.
We e11
I second Jack Potnter's remark. Thank you.
-edit- I did not proof read, and so Jack Potnter's name is misspelled, this is interesting, third time now Jack Poynter.
Ah, an overlooked step of confirmation of spelling. Makes it difficult to write in slang or regional expression.
You got a BIG Thumbs Down Baby!
@@lynnwood7205 That's a 'y', not an 'i', but it's the same name, same derivation, so it doesn't really matter. What counts is your nice comment. Thank you.
I've lived in Washington PA for 72 years and this is the first time I've seen the facts of these battles fought so close to my home explained so well. Thanks so much.
Thank you!
Semper Fi, John. John Poynter, Sgt USMC 1966-1989.
@@JackPoynter Wow, I wasn't born until 1963. I did do a few years in the Army, however I was not in combat. From 1982 - 1984. Anyway I love American History, especially American Military History. I distinctly remember George Washington reminiscing about his long career and just how close he came to catching a bullet sitting astride his horse near General Braddock and of having 4 bullet holes in his jacket and 3 bullet holes in his hat. In addition to having 4 horses shot from under him.
This I well done. I really appreciate the details of the geography and maps. I live 20 miles upriver of Washington's landing.
I learned more in your videos about this period of our history than I ever learned in school. Thank you.
Agree
I love this video. My 8x Great Grandfather was the Surveyor and Cartographer Lewis Evans, who came to America from Wales in 1736 to work for Benjamin Franklin at the Franklin Print Shop in Philadelphia. During that time, they collaborated in making a map of the Middle British Colonies that was completed in 1755. That map was used during the resolution of the French and Indian War. I have often wondered how all of this came about, what took place, and who was involved, as my ancestor was traveling that area on horseback and mapping out the land. You have done a superb job of describing the entire event and showing the what, who, and where of it. Thank you so very much for taking me there with this excellent description, maps, and pictures. Very well done, Sir!
~ Jeannie Clifton, Savannah, GA
This is the best account of Braddock's defeat I have seen. My wife is from Pittsburgh and I am from Ohio and we are both fascinated with this era. Well done!
Absolutely fabulous. Refreshing to see such proud, honest and accurate rendering of American history. Bravo.
Even reading Washington biographies, I didn’t understand that he must have lived and breathed (and cursed) that river fork non-stop for 5 years. He really seems to have been divinely protected from harm in battle! Thanks for this expanded view.
Quite well done! I'm a big fan of pre-Revolutionary War history. It's so rare to come across such a good presentation.
These videos are spectacular. Clear speaking, hitting on important points, moving along from one to the next at a good pace, and love the constant visuals of the map. Have taken a recent liking to much of this history and love how these videos compliment and reinforce the stuff that I’ve been reading. Didn’t care much for it when I learned some of it in school, but now, at age 34, I absolutely love learning this stuff.
One thing missing: The native Americans consistantly aimed their muskets at Washington firing volley after volley. When Washington was seen again and again to not fall under their musket fire, they began to fear Washington. Believing he was one with the Great Spirit and could not be killed, they quit trying to shoot him angering French commanders.
That is fascinating.
Washington's strategic abilities are up for debate, but his bravery and leadership is not.
Did natives say this
This is true. Washington visited the area later in his life. When the Native Americans heard he was in the area, they set out to meet with him because they believed he was God (Great Spirit)
Thanks a lot for the detailed accounts of the events. This is factual. I'm French, studied and lived in the US, and I have to say that French history in North America is not at all studied at school, and mostly ignored at University. In short, it looks like like everything started with Lafayette arrival in 1777, but french presence dated back more than 150 years prior to this event, and Washington was clearly not a friend of the french prior to the American Revolution. Thanks again for the video.
Living in Pittsburgh, I appreciate this well done video.
Pittsburgh has a ton of amazing history. Thanks for watching. Go Penguins!
@@JeffreytheLibrarian When I was in school back in Pittsburgh (Baldwin Borough) in the early 70's one of my high school buddies was digging a foundation with his father for a vacation home in a heavily forested area near the old Braddock Trail south of the Monongahela River. They found a deteriorated musket with it's stock mostly gone. It was brought to the Archeology Department at a local college. It took several months of restoration, but they able to determine it was a British Issue Brown Bess with markings for one of Scottish Regiments in Braddock's Army. They think it was lost by a soldier retreating in the aftermath of the battle. It's a couple of miles from the actual trail, but many soldiers tried to flee away from the road to get away from the Indians. It's now in a museum in Pittsburgh.
Living in Pittsburgh now as well. We came close to speaking French, didn't we? (What would be the French version of "Yinz" ? 😁) Also, have been to Ft. Duquesne. Suprised at how small it was.
Same and I visit these locations regularly.
I grew up in an historical area of Pittsburgh. Most people have no clue.
I am very familiar with the entire region. This is the best explanation of the French and Indian War I have ever experienced.
Great job. I have been studying the French & Indian war pretty intensively over the past couple of years after finding out some of my ancestors fought in it. Plus, living in western PA it's nice to have so many historic sites to visit. Daniel Baugh's "The Global Seven Years War" is a great overview of the conflict and Francis Parkman's classic "Montcalm and Wolfe" is also terrific. Also, that golf course shown above Braddock's crossing on the map is one of the most scenic, and challenging, courses in the United States. Even if you don't play golf you can eat lunch there and it gives you a commanding view from the French and Indian position.
Thanks for watching! I grew in western PA. Go Pens!
I recently read Fred Anderson's Crucible of War which I also found interesting, have you read that? If so how does it compare to the books you mentioned?
@@JeffreytheLibrarian
Good morning, Jeffrey, thank you for this spectacular body of work.
I still don't know who puts the promo blocks on the screen before videos end, if it is the uploader or youtube/google.
In any case, they cover up some of your information; the last few instances are the Bibliographies.
Many thanks,
Nanette
The third part of this playlist was also very informative and I really appreciate and enjoy your work. Thank you, sir. With the three videos in this playlist, I have a nice basis to learn more about American history, which has become one of my newest hobbies. I hope you can find the time to give us more of this. Have a good time and be well.
I loved Crucible of War. I'm happy to see it referenced.
When you add in the topography & tree cover, it gives a much better understanding of these battles. Thank you!
Thank you. Your presentation is so well thought out, so well done. Thank you again!
Very interesting, i just read Washington’s 1770 journal down the Ohio, and wanted to get more info about young George. I travel Rt 40 a lot.
buckeyefarmer I will be 77 years old this September and have lived less than 1/2 mile off of Rt 40 in 3 Maryland counties my entire life: Allegany, Washington and Frederick. I was born in Frostburg, MD in 1945, married and taught school in Frederick, MD ( 1967 - 1997 ), retired and moved to Washington, Co in 1998 until the present. I don't know if this is coincidence or destiny. Sometimes I think I must have been with Braddock & Washington on their trek to the Ohio Valley in 1755. I've always had 'weird' feelings about this piece of American history.
It's the 4th of July 🇺🇸. How appropriate to experience your Historic Presentation. I do thank you for this. I am inspired by your efforts. Thanks!!🎩🇺🇸🎩🇺🇸🎩
Grew up about an hour north of Fort Necessity. Been there many times. Thanks for the excellent video.
Thank you! I also hail from the Pittsburgh area.
@@JeffreytheLibrarian Once got an extra dessert at summer camp when I answered the museum guide’s question why they rolled wagons over Braddock’s grave after they buried him. Lol.
The 1700s are not the 17th Century; they are the 18th Century.
Very enjoyable and informative video. I enjoyed it.
Wow.. what a compliment to a great man. Washington history is often only focused on His highlights. Few know that what he seen in this battle shaped the mindset he had going forward. This battle was his introduction into predestined greatness. Your capture of this great moment was honoring to his memory.
Washington's early life is incredible. It's amazing what he went through and survived.
An author named Ron Chernow wrote an absolutely crazy biography on him. Great videos as well! I’ll always be watching from Missouri!
I'm sorry I just discovered your excellent video teachings! Very well done and explained in a patient way so that the history can be pondered and absorbed. Thank you!
Really enjoyed video segment on this phase of the colonizing. (It was a surprise that a mention incorporating development of Fr. interests, singly of Ft. Caroline, off the St. Johns R. which put Sp. a day's march down coast.) Well rounded.
Excellent content, thank you for your time posting this.
Excellent presentation. Use of period maps and color coded symbols make following the commentary easy. 👍
Great multi-media presentation... each element enhanced the others... narration, music, maps and visuals of artifacts and relevant art all added to the interest and our understanding. Really appreciated linking modern topography to the terrain that determined military tactics.
Thank you for watching! I really appreciate your nice comments.
Very nice presentation, wanted to know more about the area we are visiting and found your video. We are eating lunch at Braddocks Inn very near Braddock’s current resting place.
Excellent! It's a beautiful area with many things to do and see. Enjoy your visit!
Your research is appreciated, a great recount of historical actions that aren't understood these days. Long ago I read Washington's biography but this brings it into great focus. Thanks!
Hard to believe that foreign armies fought great campaigns over the land that became the United States. Amazing stuff.
Many thanks for your walking through Braddock's advance to the forks. I am unable to add to
I have just discovered your channel....absolutely love it...your ability to covey a great deal of information accurately and in a short amount of time is greatly appreciated...Thank You!
Your videos are amazing, so good! Thanks and much appreciation.
The map actions help explain much better than books. Hip hip huzzah.
Thanks for watching!
When I was in Catholic school in the 1960's we studied the French& Indian War! So we sympathized with the French & Indians. Jr high was in Public School and we got the other perspective ! The British were their heroes! LOL! 🤔🇫🇷🇬🇧 Native American supporter here!
This is simply amazing! As someone who lives in, and is familiar with the areas you illustrate, I have to say thank you! Bravo, sir!
Thank you!
I live in the west. I cannot imagine what it’s like living amongst all of this history. Your weekends must be fun.
My new favorite story time. Great work!
Jeffrey! Where you been all my life!? Your words combined with maps and visuals make this so easy (and fun if history nerd). A very powerful combination.
These videos are a labor of love. I am happy to share them. Thanks for watching!
I have read extensively about this period of history but this video brings it into a much more clear understanding of this conflict.Very well done.
Thank you!
Great explaination of the Battle of Braddock. British found out they couldn't fight old fashion warfare in the woods.
All your videos are extremely interesting! Thanks for taking the time to put these together and explain in such detail.
Thank you, Jeffrey. I really appreciate your efforts and I'm thankful to have come across your videos. My wife homeschools our children and I'm looking forward to them learning from your work, just as I myself am.
This was absolutely excellent, how the French & Indian war is explained. So many people live in western Pennsylvania and have no idea what happened in our area.
I agree. I grew up in western PA, and folks have no idea that George Washington walked through their backyard, or that redcoats went through the woods.
Outstanding!
Thank you.
This is an awesome documentary on this piece of history of the beginnings of America...
Well explained without the usual jibberjabber...
I really appreciate that. Thanks so much for the nice comments.
Extremely well done. This part of Washington's life is only briefly mentioned with little detail in most history taught in public schools. One could only wish that all teachers could be as interesting and thorough as you. Maybe our kids would actually pay attention.
Washington accomplished a ton before he was 25.
The TV mini-series "George Washington" back in 1984 showed this, I recall it was pretty good, though not the detail shown here.
Been to all these places , Jumounville Glen is very creepy, middle of no where in the woods , you actually are standing where he stood.
Been to venango, presque isle, even ft lebouef site
And bushy run too, 1763 Pontiac rebellion
It is only 275 years ago, Carlisle PA was the edge of western civilization
Originally from Pittsburgh, Carlisle now
I've been there, its "Rugged Ground",
Schools should teach this History, that George Washington was the
British Colonial Leader who started with(Jumonville Glen) the War in the Colonies[French and Indian War], to Washington crossing the Delaware
River(3 Times) Slipped away south of Trenton to attack at Princeton, and then to "Jockey Hollow", to stay close to N.Y.C., at Morristown, N.J.!
School History FieldTrips?
As a French Canadian who became American, I was surprised to learn that the Stamp Act was to pay for the British take over of New France. So the victory in 1763 cost Britain its territory in 1783. Imagine history without the original conflict of 1756, or at least a different way to resolve the conflict. Winning has unforeseen costs.
Traitre
If you like to ride bikes start in Pittsburgh on the Allegheny Great Passage and bike to Western Maryland/ Cumberland Maryland ( Ft.Cumberland). Take the C& OCanal and head south east to Washington DC past Harpers Ferry and not far from Antietam Battlefield! Tons of history in Western Pennsylvania/ Western Maryland ! Amtrak will let you put your bike on the train! From Pittsburgh it is overnight to Chicago!
I grew up near the area that a native American shot an arrow at Washington.
There is a monument along Pennsylvania Route 68 that notes the event along the Connoquenessing Creek.
Thank you, this is wonderfully interesting.
Great Stuff, the maps show exactly why the Ohio River Valley was so important, right up to the Civil War. However important to note that the French & Indian War was only one Theatre of war during the Seven Years War, and not the Primary theatre, which was in Europe.
I have a big book called "Crucible of War." I have read the American parts, but I need to get into the European theatre as well.
Oddly enough I’ve read the same book. Very impressive and one of the best single volume histories I’ve come across. The thought that good old George was responsible was starting a world war gives an entirely different dimension to his character.
Over the course of the war, 231,000 men served in combat. But never more than 13,000 in a single conflict.
I think I read about this in Allan Eckert's book the Frontiersmen.A great read.
Yes, incredible work. No one ever explains exactly the Allegheny river/Great Lakes portage scenario and how that was the factor that made the the forks of the Ohio so important. Or the Great Meadows. Just a lot of really nuanced historical detail here that fascinates.
Thanks! The Great Lakes are a major reason for Europe's interest in North America.
I really enjoyed your video. Wonderful editing and very informative. Thank you. Touring Fort Necessity today and I now have a better understanding of what went on around this area. 🙏
Thanks for watching! It is beautiful there in the mountains around Fort Necessity.
This is quite good. Thank you. One suggestion: rather than referring to the British forces as "red coats", you might refer to them using their appropriate regimental designations, e.g., 44th Regiment of Foot, or 48th Regiment of Foot. This is more meaningful as it helps to cast in sharp relief the sad result of this expedition versus what was likely expected given their regimental histories and level of fighting experience.
That's a great suggestion. I am working on making each new video more detailed with specific unit identification.
Gee, how did I miss this one? Another fantastic history lesson!
Great job! This is the most clear presentation I’ve seen of this interesting subject. I watched it twice in one evening to become familiar with the conflicts, I shared it with my dad. I am going to that area in July, this presentation will give me a great base to plan my trip to Ft Necessity, and Pittsburgh.
I particularly liked how you used your maps. You used military icons and overlays to show how the battle with General Braddock which was a great depiction.
Great job. I’m excited to watch your lectures- which I will discover over the coming weeks.
Thank you so much for watching. Enjoy your trip to western PA. There's much to see.
Should sample the area in winter. Imagine spending weeks outside in that weather. That's what gets me about his first trip through the area.
I prefer 7 Years War up to the Civil War History. This is a severely neglected portion in history classes who skip from Jamestown and Plymouth to Boston and Yorktown then to Gettysburgh in three great leaps. The pioneering times from the Revolution up to the Civil War are the Dark Ages as far as any history class goes.
I agree - I taught history for 30 years, and this period gets short shrift even though it is extremely important. Time constraints are a huge factor, and school curriculae do not allow for concentration on specific campaigns, battles, personalities etc. in a survey course. It's tough getting through an entire American History course in 10 months at the high school level if one takes too many 'side trips'.
@@jaycorby Jay, I think I'd find an in depth conversation with you over a cup of coffee, that passed over the history that you've been able to teach would really be interesting. The history I learned in grade school/high school in the 1950s & 1960s wasn't anything like what I've heard in the last ten years or so. I'm certain that there's much more that I'm not aware of but this practice of rewriting history into what ever the popular political flavor of the month happens to be must be confusing any of the kids who care enough to pay attention.
There was an old quote that I heard many years ago that stated the winners wrote the history of their era. It makes me wonder what will be written in this era. The history & social studies books that were referenced in my school years probably look like a description of a foreign country if they're compared to whatever is used today.
@@MrGaryGG48 Thank you for the compliment. Since I was a small boy I've had a passionate interest in history. I grew up in the western part of the state of Maryland along the ridges of the Appalachian Mts., close to the Maryland/ Pennsylvania border. General Braddock, Colonel Washington and their combined army made up of British red coats and American colonial troops passed very close to my boyhood home as they cut their way through the dense wilderness in July of 1755 on their way to Fort Duquense which was on the site of present day Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Their mission was to drive the French out of the Ohio Valley to which both England and France layed claim. There were all sorts of signs and markers documenting this dangerous excusion which eventually caused General Braddock to lose his life in an ambush by French and Indian combatants close to Washington, PA. Braddock was a stubborn English gentleman and soldier of the 'old school' who believed in the European style of fighting where you form ranks in the open and fire point blank at the opposing forces. He viewed warfare by ambush from hidden vantage points in the forest as cowardly and unworthy of being called true soldiering.
Yes, it is nice to chat with likeminded people who appreciate the nuances of historical events in a relaxed atmosphere. I'll be 77 one month from today, and my memory is still firing with all of the cylinders intact. And, you are so right, the America I am living in today bears little resemblence to the one in which I grew up.
An aside about George Washington: In a time when people weren't generally able to maintain the level of personal hygiene we enjoy today, George liked to smell good! He bathed with a soap and used a cologne made by an apothecary established in 1753 and still doing business under the name Caswell-Massey. His scent of choice is named Number 6, and it is still produced today! In fact he liked this scent so much that he sent the Marquis de Lafayette a case of the soap during the American Revolution, when the good general was providing aid to America. I use both soap & cologne and can attest to its quality. It's somewhat expensive but worth every penny if you enjoy that kind of thing. Plus, I like 'smelling' like George Washington.
😂
Ive read accounts of this (and slept thru most). What a difference simple terrain maps make!. Thank you for bringing this to life with just the right amt of detail to let it sink in.
I agree, I need to see things placed spatially to understand what was going on.
Loved the ambient music/sounds. Got goosebumps at 10:24!
Thank you!
Not bad but the naming of French settlers as French Canadians is incorrect. They should have been simply named Canadiens. Calling them French Canadians implies there are English Canadians which is non existent at that time. English Canadians appeared after the American revolution as they were colonists who chose to remain loyal to the British Crown and left north for Canada. Regarding demographics, the Canadiens were more of less 70 000 in Canada back then. They were supported by the French regiments sent by the king of France and by the Indian nations since the Grande Paix de Montréal signed in 1701.
maps are so much easier to understand, I wish all history would copy your way of teaching! THANK YOU THANK YOU
Much appreciated! Thank you!
I am a direct decendant of Christopher Gist. In our family book, Christopher and Washingtons expedition is detailed from Christopher's journal that he kept. What great history my family was involved in during the settling of this Nation is remarkable. Without him none of this would have taken place. Thank you!
That's neat! It's very nice to meet a Gist.
@@JeffreytheLibrarian It's a pleasure to meet you Sir. I just wish my father was alive to see and hear the history being told. He would be pleased to hear that it's being told, he was so knowledgeable about that time in our nations history. He actually gave a speech at a Daughters of the American revolution banquet on Mordecai. He had a deep pride in the accomplishments of his ancestors. He knew and appreciated the struggles, determination and dedication of these men in those times whether it turned out good or bad. Access of information and history was different at the time of his passing. Richard Mordecai Gist. Thank you for putting this information out for people to see and hear. It was a super important time in our nation's history. We all need to know what the Native Americans went through as well as the people who forged this nation. A lot of history was happening in that point in time from all aspects of life. It really started heating up from then on, alot happened. Our name is always mispronounced Gist. Oh, and then there's Sequoia. That's a different matter. Take Care!! Thank u
Thank you! So enjoyable.
Your videos are better than EVERYTHING the “history” channel has on offer nowadays. 👍
Thank you for the work you’ve put in.
Thank you so much. I really appreciate that!
As history being my favorite subject I’m so glad I found your page. Thank you 🙏🏽
Thank you for watching!
Great video thanks!
Thanks, Scott!
Stumbled across your channel and enjoy the delivery of your content because I do not have the patience to sit down and read a book.
My whole family is from Brownsville pa… thanks for the video
This is my second video I've watched from Jeff the Librarian and it's after midnight here in Chicago, I'm rather enjoying learning about Washington in his early career, just imagine dude was only 21, but I guess back then you had to be more mature than in these times. While I find this French/British conflict intriguing its not lost on me that 2 powerful European nations are fighting over land that belonged to neither 🤔
That's how you gain land. First you make a claim. If everyone agrees, it's yours. If everyone doesn't agree, you fight over it. Then it's yours.
Very nicely done JtL. I had heard of Ft. Necessity and knew of its significance was but had no real idea where it was other than "Pennsylvania". It was nice to be able to follow the routes traveled with the aid of your maps and also on google maps. Your explanation of the battles, aided by the topo maps, was superb.
Thank you! It's a pretty part of Pennsylvania in the mountains.
Great video. Using maps brings it to life. Much better than only showing static pictures. Really enjoyed it.
Thanks for watching!
I’ve been to Jumonville Glen and Fort Necessity. Not many know that the battle of Jumonville Glen was the first skirmish that eventually culminated in the 7 Years War.
I had a professor in college who said, "There's always a Pittsburgh connection." Indeed, there is. Greatest clash of the 18th century? Pittsburgh.
This series is excellent. Entertaining and informative.
Thank you!
So the young Geo. Washington traveled through the wilderness in winter, crossing icy rivers and streams, through a region noted for dreary cold but not too cold to rain, but cold enough for the rain to freeze, snow, sleet etc.
What a man. Fortune's favorite.
I never understood Braddock's defeat as much as I do now. I understand Daniel Boone was there as well.
Washington survived incredible circumstances as a young man. I imagine him hearing complaints at Valley Forge, and saying something like, "Let me tell you about the time I went to wilderness..."
I see it as more of a do or die situation back then. It must have taken incredible grit and bravery even to embark on such journeys into the day unknown. I get nervous thinking about my car breaking down between Las Vegas and Reno. But there’s always someone to save us: walk to the nearest gas station; call for a tow truck; spend the night at a local hotel. Washington suffers fevers on his journey. Yeah, there’s no 24 hour Urgent Care to get some antibiotics. I suppose the only comparisons we can make today are things like Apollo 8 or our future first astronauts heading to Mars.
@@mrsmith6272 When I was younger I did quite a lot of back-packing in Rocky Mountain legally designated Wilderness. I preferred solo treks lasting two or three days. Yea, not recommended, and getting to know a particular area, I would often abandon trail altogether, and hike by the light of the moon. There would be a fair chance of rescue should I become disabled, I'd carry a whistle, had classes on self-rescue. Yet, there would be a slight chance of no rescue as well.
Nothing like the dangers faced by young G.Washington. And I know what the weather is like in December on the west slope of the Alleghenies. Winter in the Rockies much more survivable than that. Given the right gear of course.
@@mrsmith6272
A lucrative Beaver fur trade that began in 1600 in the Ohio river valley created conflicts that lasted 250 yrs.
In 1751 Peter Jefferson and Joshua Fry produced the first map of Virginia.
Peter was a President's father. He came from a well established family of surveyors.
Joshua Fry was an Oxford-educated aristocrat (1699-1754) who came from England to run Virginia.
Washington wanted to be an officer. At 21, he received orders (& map) from the 55 yr old Fry. (1732-1799 vs 1699-1754)
Washington led a small group of expendables on a sovereignty patrol, who attacked and killed a small French group in British territory.
The group included a French ambassador.
Washington's men were soon besieged by a much larger French force. (7/3/1754)
The opposing officer allowed Washington and his men to leave after he signed a document (in French) that Washington couldn't read.
His signature admitted to the execution of an ambassador -- the legal basis of the French & Indian war that morphed into a 7 yr war.
The following year (1755), Washington accompanied General Braddock and his superior forces as a militia (not British) officer
Braddock fell from his horse (French sniper?), dead. WIthout Braddock, the British Army suffered its worst defeat in a century.
Years later, July 3, 1775, Washington assumed command of the Continental Army (2 weeks after Bunker Hill), where he was given his orders: Establish an army and use it to drive the British from New England.
The British left on March 17,1776, relocated to New Brunswick, and later proceeded to New York to separate New England and the South.
On July 4, 1776, the US declared its Independence. The war had began.
The most capable American general of the war, Benedict Arnold, led two early battles crucial to our success: Valcour Island (9/1776) and Saratoga:
- Valcour delayed British reinforcements to New York from the Great Lakes by a year; allowing Washington's later escape from White Plains (10/1776) after his disaster at Long Island.
- Saratoga (9-10/1777) convinced the French that the Continental Army would fight and could win.
After Mar 17, 1778, France openly supplied the US with gunpowder (from Dupont) as well as a French Army that doubled the American forces and added Naval forces at Yorktown, VA (Sept 1781).
At Yorktown, Washington promoted Lafayette to Major General.
Lafayette was a teenage prodigy from a military family when he joined the US revolution. The French support was leading to control.
Benedict Arnold began to see the influence of a Hanover King of England (German protestant) as a better direction than the influence of a French Catholic king who would need to be repaid.
That French King, Louis XVI, had put France into financial jeopardy because of our war's expense.
French unrest in the general population led to a French revolution (1792-1802), the King's execution (1793), and to the end of a thousand year-long Holy Roman Empire (800-1806).
The questions we need to ask:
Do people exist to serve the government? or do governments exist to serve the needs of the people?
The answer has two parts, based on history:
One part is that the government and people serve each other.
The other part is that the obligations of service are fair, just, equal, and written down in a way that is recognized, and accessible to all.
That is our Constitution.
Nice job.
First visit, now subbed.
Very fascinating stuff. I live near fort necessity and new of its history, and there’s even a walking trail to the jumonville rocks were the battle occurred, but I wasn’t sure how it played out while I was there, interesting to see how it actually went.
Abroad, this was referred to as a part of The War of Spanish Succession. Britain got Cuba, Belize, and New France out of the peace deal. They should have demanded Florida and New Orleans, too.
I have read a lot of books and did tons of research about this battle and Braddock i had kin folk brother's with him one got killed other lived my line in famliy tree. You did a great job on this. One question that i cant find a anwser to were does the bones that people find till this day go too ? Have anyone did dna? .thx
Fantastic. Always love your stuff. Thanks.
Thank you!
Slight correction, Braddock isn't part of Pittsburgh, its its own ghetto city and not in the city limit. Anyways, freaking great video. I always wondered exactly where the battle was. In Braddock there's just one little historical marker and its just on some abandoned street and not at all prominent.
Great job! ..a lot of people do not realize the tremendous hours of work in putting something like this together but it shows in the final product...
Thank you! It takes a good deal of time to get all the images together and do the research. I appreciate your comments.
Great job. Toward the end, Washington's words were so poignant and so rare today. I'm curious about language education at that time. It all sounds like poetry.
25:00 awesome letter from Washington.
Yes, it is an awesome letter.
This a great playlist thank you! I am watching the entire playlist prior to my American revolution class
Thank you so much!
I am curious as to why the death of General Braddock during this campaign was not mentioned, unless I totally missed it along the way. His body was buried under the road at what is now called Washington, PA near Uniontown.
Numerous wagons were driven back and forth over the burial site to hide the grave for fear that Indians would dig him up for his scalp! What an ignominious death and burial for a British gentleman and officer in the wilderness of an untamed continent. Btw, there is a large monument to Braddock there today that explains the details of his falling in battle. Also, there is a theory that's been bantered about for a very long time that Braddock wasn't killed by enemy fire, but was shot in the back by one of his own men whose brother had been executed for desertion on Braddock's .orders. Has anyone else ever heard of this?
I like the way that you present this information over maps. Very helpful.
I have always preferred visual history. Thanks for watching!
Excellent! Where did Braddock bury his gold?
That question actually has alot of fun folklore around it.
A seriously valuable aspect of your style of videos (especially evident in this one and in your videos on the strategy/operations in the ACW western theater) is highlighting how parts of North America we think of today as familiar actually looked quite different to people in the past, based on changing capabilities of transportation and communication over time.
An interesting book covering some terrain adjacent to the subject matter of this video is *Autumn of the Black Snake* by William Hogeland, which starts with a dive into Washington's early business career as a land surveyor, then eventually as a wealthy landowner and real estate speculator, and how that career and the financial interests that went with it affected his role first in the events you're describing here and then in the subsequent drive toward US independence... but the meat of the book is about the Northwest Indian War of 1786-95 (another potentially great topic for your style of video) a now largely-forgotten conflict that was basically the culmination both of Washington's personal career arc, and of many larger currents of immediate pre/post-independence US history.
Thank you for the book recommendation! I will take a look. Yes, I am looking to do more 18th century America in the future. Thanks!
Well done! I like that you take the time to keep events in context with the larger picture. Just a minor correction. Pronunciation of the town of Fort Loudon, on Forbes Road, rhymes with cow-don. And yes, it still has the word “Fort” in its name. In fact, the old frontier fort is being recreated.
Thanks! I think I got the pronunciation right in the subsequent French and Indian War video I did a few months ago. Each time I do a video, I improve my pronunciation.
Jeffery the Librarian, thank you! Your videos are really well done...good stuff
Thank you!
Washington had a wondrously adventurous life. I think you could make a really good longer video of Washington's adventures before he became the father of the revolution. I would watch.
Yes, I will have to do more on young Washington. He had an incredible life.
The Fourth of July 1754. Man things escalate quickly to 1776
Yes, and Washington probably would have never thought of himself as anything but a loyal subject in 1754.
superb superb superb... and i love the maps
Man! Another amazing video
Very informative. I enjoy your history videos. Thank you.
Thank you!
Amazing video!
BRAVO!!