What are Haplogroups? Human Genetics Explained
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- Опубликовано: 18 окт 2024
- Just what exactly are human haplogroups? Today let's discuss an integral part of human genetics, that I don't think I've explained in quite as much detail as I would like, including the emergence and spread of paternal and maternal haplogroups and their relation to race, ethnicity, language and other defining factors of modern human communities.
Please let me know your thoughts on the quirks of haplogroups and human genetics and which aspect of humanity best defines our groups and sub-groups. As always thanks for watching!
Sources:
atlas.xyvy.info...
www.kerchner.co...
dna-explained....
www.familytree...
I find ethnicity and haplogroups way more interesting than just the broad concept of race, which is usually so vague there's nothing interesting about it. At least in America, it's like people can't comprehend any identity more specific than white, black, asian, and latino, and there's apparently no difference between the people in each of these groups, according to the general public. Anyways, I enjoy these videos, they're insightful and interesting. Greetings from a mostly Slavic American!
Race is such a politically convenient thing too. Hell the census didn't classify Latinos as a distinct ethnicity until 1990 which is why job applications will say "Non Hispanic Caucasian" when referring to whites because it became more politically convenient to label them distinct due to the large migration that started happening around then.
Chii Chobits couldn’t agree with you more
LOCAL COPE what’s wrong with Mexico and Brazil?
I'd rather live in Argentina or Chile TBH.
true, you there in USA have huge missconceptions about race, in the end we are all human, but ethnicities show our past more in deph than race, I also find it more interesting.
People out here knowing their own haplogroups when I don't even know my own blood type.
I have an update, it seems that my mom does know my blood type but just never told me, it is O+.
@Susannah Oldfield I'm 15.
same idk mine
@@nicia1460 I admire your your thirst for knowledge.! 👍
Gabi, you know what, I could care less. I know who I am. I thihnnk this genotype stuff causes more problems than anything. All these kids who find out at 30 yrs of age that Mom had an affair. WHo does it help? Who benefits? It just hurts.
I like to think of haplogroups like surnames. When you meet someone with the same surname as you, you could trace both your families back to a common ancestor generations and generations ago, because the name is carried down the male line, but you and this other person could be completely different races, cultures etc.
S A Cash
Good understanding
True, but surnames may not necessarily imply common ancestry due to illegitimate births, people changing their surname in the past/Anglicanizing their names or just other factors. Haplogroups never lie though. Thanks for sharing
Masaman
That's very true it makes it a big jigsaw puzzle
Good point massaman
Masaman
Hey massaman have a question for you were your black or African relatives from slaves or immagrants. If they were slaves how far back can you trace them. Just wondering if you run into the same rpoblems when it comes to these thing as I do Ivan only go as far back as my grandfather .
6:25 It would be cool to have a sub-group to the Haplogroup R2, called D2
Lol
😂😂👍
It'll happen, probably be the first mutation on Mars
Beep beep boop
WOW, my head is spinning, so interesting, I will have to watch this several times more in order to understand this. Your work is wonderful!
His "work" is racist. Science indicates that there are no "races" of Homo Sapiens. We are one species. Period. We look different, we have different features, a spectrum of skin tones and hair textures. But we're all still the same people.
@@hcallahan7134 fuck off hugh
@ea s Yep. Although the term ‘races’ or ‘racial groups’ have somewhat recently become a loaded term mostly due to politics, there are indeed disparate populations, peoples, ethnic groups, etc. throughout the world that can be outlined and taxonomically categorized. One can easily tell the difference between a sub-saharan african albino and an asiatic albino despite their lack of melanin.
@@jmck5930 Gladly. Science still indicates there are no "races" of Homo sapiens. We may have different features, a spectrum of skin tones and hair textures, but these observable differences are superficial, caused by historical periods of isolation. We are all one species--far more alike than different. It's in our genes.
@@hcallahan7134 _"We look different, we have different features, a spectrum of skin tones and hair textures.."_ - yes, and that is called *races* 😂😂🤦♀️
_"We are one _*_species._*_ Period."_
...no one is disputing that.. 🤨
An interesting outcome of haplogroups is that it shows just how much traditionally thought to be distinct ethnicities have mixed throughout the centuries. In the video alone, I saw several different haplogroups crossing the Middle East that also stretched as far as Germany and India.
I've had genetic testing done for this information, which I consider interesting, but doesn't make much difference in who I am. When I went to RUclips for videos on my Y Haplogroup, J2, I found a lot of politics and nationalism, in the videos and certainly in the comments. It scares me, after what the Nazis did, that this new science is being used for people to exert their power over others and even make political claims. I suppose technology marches on, but science has often been used to give meaning to very unscientific ideas.
Larry F The world is going back
Leo khotana it means he share same ancestry with Indian
@@yumiryin8197 no he's not j2 National Assembly
As for the branches, God knows I did not look at the Indian assets unfortunately, but in general some parts of the H, R, L and J branches of these strains are tyrannical but have any branches? God knows
The R1b and R2 strains are the two dominant continents of the Indian continent, such as the European H and C haplogroups
j2 In India, western India has a minority and the Sindh Valley region in particular
devg hahahahha love u mate xD
@Pojka I dont think Caucasian is a real scientific classification.
Drink every time he says haplogroups
im dead now great
Yay 10:16 *Jefferson is haplogroup T from Somalia. An ancient and posthumous seafaring people that have gone as far as Bangladesh.*
Im now hydrated bc i drank water, you didnt specify what drink
We're Norwegians, we go blind if we don't drink at least one shot ever 3 to 5 seconds
Masaman has been calling EVERYBODY descendants of AFRICANS, THAT IS, BANTU BABIES.
You shouldn't mix old and new naming systems for Y-Chromosomes. For example, you constantly alternate between E3/E1b/E1b1. You better be more consistent to prevent confusion.
Very interesting Masaman. Suggestions:
1.Definitely do a video on the Solutrean Hypothesis!
2 .Another topic I think would be good would be clearing up geographic locations that have the same name: Georgia(state)/Georgia(country), Galicia (Spain)/Galicia(Eastern Europe), Iberia (Western Europe)/Iberia (Caucus Region)/, Albania (country)/ Caucasian Albania (Caucus Region), etc.
3. Who on Earth were the "Mechtoids?" Mechta-Afalou People of ancient Africa. I'm still a little unclear on how the term "Mechtoid" applies to them scientifically. Is "Mechtoid" a racial term of a people that went extinct?
As usual, hope that helps! I think these topics could use some clearing up as they can get very confusing or vague at times.
WOW467
American history is so much more complex than Asians traveling the Bering strait. And becoming NativeAmericans.
There proof of Egyptians having contact with NativeAmericans.
Also Polynesian DNA can be found in NativeAmerican populations.
And also NativeAmericans do not really look like East Asians, but I wonder why they are grouped with them in DNA cites.
I'm NativeAmerican I want to know the truth about my history.
WOW467 NativeAmericans have higher percentages of Neanderthal Gene's. What's up with that??!
How To Vegan-That's the point: If Masaman does a video on the Solutrean Hypothesis, then he can address exactly that. I just said that I think it would be a good idea to look at the topic, not that I necessarily support it (which I don't as the evidence is scant). I thought it would be a good idea to look at the facts and myths of that theory in a new video-not getting into a debate about the validity of it in the comments. I actually hope his video really gets into exactly what you are saying for scientific clarity!
So let's wait until a video like that is actually posted before we start debating it...simply supporting the idea of making a video discussing the theory is different from actually getting into a debate about it!
WOW467 Where did you hear about these "Mechtoids"?
As usual, a well researched and presented video. I do so love all the different varieties of people, and I can tell you do, too! Thanks for posting!
Send this to Drew Durnil for an AI only.
that paintbrush?
My maternal haplogroup is L1b1a which is traced back to Eastern Africa 150,000 years ago 🙂🙂
Mine too n im Honduran born
That’s crazy!! everyone is somehow related regardless where you think you from. We al human at the end... much love from djibouti, east Africa
@@bahdonismael5012 its great im J1B1A2B
Always something that interested me because all of us are related and in theory could be traced back to eastern Africa so how do you really say where you're from? Some group may be descendants of another group which may be descendants of another group which is descendants of east Africans. You also may believe differently.
Me too ☺️
I'm kinda late but this video was so intersting for me! I'm from a native group from North Africa (chaouis) and was always intrigued by the origins of my ancestors since I never learned about it. I stubbled upon a study on haplogroups and it made me really passionate on the subject. Hope I can learn more about it on your channel!
Mazalek haba ta3arfi 3la les haplogroups khatch 9ader n3awnek
What are the main haplogroups of the Chaouis? What is their origin?
i'm Arabian from Azd tribe .. J1-M267 Haplogroup
FGC1695 Mutation
How did you find out about the mutation?
@TURKUN GUCUNU GORECEKSINIZ. kwl I'm R1a
R1b-L21 over here
How do you exactly identify which haplogroup you have ? I'm from Georgia and what I researched so far general haplogroup here is G2-M201 which is mostly in Georgia but G2a-L293 is only in Georgia so how can I identify ? Btw Haplogroups seem very interesting it's like "genetical surname" in a sense
wow you know exactly.... i can't even find my keys or phone
The more i watch Masaman, the more blurred vain concepts like nationalism, primordialism, etc have become to me.
Iranian here with paternal haplogroup r2a, my dad is from a small village in the north of Iran near the Caspian Sea
Sepehr Naderi Your haplotype is rare I think
RexPETA1789 23andme will show u both the maternal and paternal haplogroup
Sepehr Naderi no offense,but did you know that r2a is constant haplogroup
in Gypsy peoples?
Xxx_TrallIlluminati_xxX Ilitniy I looked into my haplogroup before and it's mostly seen in South Asia above all places, and considering gypsies have Indian roots I guess that isn't really surprising
Sepehr Naderi that explains a lot
Awesome presentations, delivery, and content. Highly recommended for education and enlightenment.
It'd be great to see a video about Australoids, they are one of the genetically furthest races of the world and no one talks about them
Them and khosians
@Poika some of the oldest stories too
reading this comment section it almost feels like people didn't actually watch the video
The R1b haplogroup isn't native to western Europe and is actually from the Pontic Steppe near the Caspian sea. The R1 the ancestor of R1A and R1B can be traced to central Siberia.
Interesting
I find this interesting as my haplogroup is R1b
@@mindrealminsights6517 Im german what am i
@@ethnicgerman5275 Only way to know for sure is to get your Y-DNA tested bro
@Војник Српски that's just to northern Europe though isn't it?
0:03 - Thomas Jefferson belonged to Y DNA haplogroup T-M184, and likely the subclade T1a-M70. T1a-M70 is quite rare in Europe (less then 5% of average). The interesting thing is that it originated in Paleolithic Iran, likely in the South Central Zagros mountains. It then spread out to both the East and West, into India, Africa (where it peaks at around 18% of Male Fulbe/Fulani), the rest of the Middle East (Egypt and Oman have about 10% of males belonging to subclades of it), West Asia (About 20% of Assyrian males belong to it),but also towards Europe, likely during the Neolithic.
I just found this channel last night and have watched several videos from it so far. I'm glad I found it. Very informative.
I like your videos because they look into culture and ethnicity without falling prey to the prejudices of 19th and 20th century science (and certain modern groups).
Can you maybe do a video about the Nordic germanic people groups, if you haven’t already?
Nikolaj S. The true Nordic people are finno Uralic not Germans
True nordic? That's a very odd statement. Are you only true if your ppl came there first? Even if this group currently is a tiny minority and has been even since the start of these civilizations?
And what you said is true for Finland, but not Scandinavia. The germans came there last, sure. But before that, it was mixed with uralic and ancient europeans, the groups linked to the I1 haplogroup. It was not purely uralic, and in fact, the uralic ppl mainly lived in the north, some regions which wasn't even incorporated into Sweden and Norway until 1000-500 years ago.
Sweden actually colonized much of western Finland before current northern Sweden.
+1
I wonder how is it even we call them 'germanic'?
Aren't the germanic ppl R1b?
So how did that work? Some germanic ppl went to scandinavia and got their asses kicked by natives from I1 haplogroup who took their religion, culture, language and women?
The slavs emerged out of R1a. The celts were R1b and the ancient europeans were I1 and I2.
The germans of today are a fusion of the 3. Apparently, the languages are closer to celtic than slavic languages.
History also tells us that modern East Germany was mainly slavic dating back less than 1000 years ago, and it took a long time to fully germanize the region. East Germany actually have a similar history to the Czech Republic, and they have similar haplogroup distributions. I think it's fair to say that germans were mainly R1b, but that they have been mixed with the other 2 groups. But it's hard to say if the schism between Celts and Germans happened because of this mixing, or if it happened before.
Based on the fact that the lowlands are very R1b dominated, and based on the fact that the romans had some trouble sometimes distinguishing germans from celts, in the lowlands, I think it's fair to assume that the schism happened first, and that R1b could be divided into 2 cousin groups, celts and germans, and that further down the line, the germans got dilluted by incorporating slavic/ancient european societies. When it comes to Sweden and Norway, they actually have a pretty average R1b distribution, but I don't think this is a contradiction, for 2 reasons. Firstly, Denmark is mainly R1b, and secondly, because of its remote location, I think it's fair to assume that the germanic ppl wasn't able to or willing to fully conquer those lands. So basically they were more like colonies.
No the nordic are a germanic group
Finally, a good explanation of haplo-groups! Thanx Mason, you've done it again! ✌
The chad R1a vs the virgin R1b...
Really dude
@@Lonnell99😂😂😂
It'd be very interesting to find relation between haplogroups with other naming/ grouping conventions, i.e. biblically (sons of Noah), linguistically and even how people are called differently by the others (Greeks are Greeks to certain people but has a different name by another group).
Great video, love the composition and how you really tied it all together when coming back to Jefferson in the end! Keep it up, big fan!
I'm afraid to even read the comments
yeah, stupid argments from both sides.
Honestly I come here and feel constantly attacked lmao but oh well
why
LMAO
Understandable. Quite understandable.
While actually proving it is indeed interesting, when the question "did he screw her" comes up the answer is usually "yes". Personal experience.
Yeah, but did he fornicate with her? A completely different q.
There is a lot more to the Sally Heming's story he didn't bring up. Some people think it was Thomas Jefferson's younger brother Randolph.
Sally Heming looked like his late wife as they had the same father. So, if Thomas did impregnate her, then so what? I've heard the brother hypothesis as well.
Oh that makes me think of the black lady that took the African Ancestry test only to find out her maternal line was European! She was heartbroken! The funny thing is that when she revealed her dna breakdown I’m more European in dna than she is! She’s only 6% European I believe!
To the citizen of this beautiful channel, remember this channel is for education so let's be respect. We can share our opinions without being assholes. Thanks👍😁
PoliticsOtaku - African Swede
Is this a new thing?
abcde fghij
Or Somali God 😂
PoliticsOtaku - African Swede
You said " White women belong to us". I thought this was a joke or real white movement. Could you explain what you meant by your previous comment?
Morbidcrab
That is a problem he has to deal with but also like the sense humour in this community. He has to know when someone is joking and when someone is being kickhead and trolling before he can take action.
Photon Shadic
What if I just tell you mansa musa was my youngest son and that is why he got all the money because of his daddy. Any my son is greater than me because I allowed. I love my children to succeed. What do you think I am?🤔
Im J1c3d-s20171 He descended from the line of Abrahaminess and no pride just all love to all my brother's from
all haplogroups Greetings to all of you 💚
Abrahamn Was J1a and J1a is located in Caucasia and Anatolia
adamnesico Abraham was born in Euphrat ( Urfa in modern Turkey) Abraham was A Sumerian. Arabs are a subgroup Of J family and not every J is Semitic. Because the Caucasian Branch and Anatolian Branch of J is much more Older than todays Arabs.
@@Batyrai In the true ancestors of the Prophet Abraham descended from Yemen
On one point The ancestors and ancestors of Abraham are Canaan and in the words of the descendants of the Prophet Houd peace be upon him
Prophet Ibrahim peace be upon him descendants of the Prophet Hood or Hud and HUd descendants of Sam son of Noah peace be upon him
The Prophet Hood returns to the tribe of AD and is from the Aram is son of shem
@Son of Mountain When the grudge talk...
i carry J1c3d2 Y-DNA (from Saudi Arabia) , note that not all J1 is from Ibrahim (Abraham)
only either YSC234 5500 ybp , or FGC8712 (Banu Hashem are under this one) ~3800 ybp
both 2 mutations have a lot of Arabians and Cohanim Jews .. so only God knows which one is THE one
is it only the FGC8712 ... or it is also YSC234 .. but it's not outside the two that's for sure
Hi Masaman, love your videos. I was thinking, could you make a video talking about what is exactly a "race"? I know there are a lot of political correct beliefs in the middle of all of this, but I really think it will be enlightment. Best regards.
Best info production vids on youtube. Keep up the great work!
As always, excellent video! I LOVE all of your videos and I truly appreciate You and Your Channel. Keep up the Amazing work!🙂 Ps--PLEASE do a video on the connection (haplogroup, race, etc...) between Indigenous Siberian people and Indigenous Native Americans!😊 Ty!!
Thanks I didn't know what haplogroups are or for what people use them
stop spaming idiot
Zakaria expect they are arabs or at least half arabs denying arab influence is a denial of maghrab history
Zakaria I don't want a long conversation because I'm going to sleep now but haplogroups aren't good evidences genetic tests are the good evidence prove that you are different from Arabian genetics
And goodnight I will read your comment tomorrow
Alice Evonic you are mean with me but I like you :)
Alice Evonic can we be friends :)
I've looked into this subject and I find it fascinating. My DNA shows that I'm about half Germanic and 97% of me is northwest European. My mother's parents were 100% Germanic as was she. But I also have relatives from other areas, like one relative from the southern Han Dynasty era of China. So I can show a movement West from the steppes of Indo-Europe to America. My main groups are Etruscan and some say we come from the British Isles (20%) and Scandinavia (6.4%). So my relatives mingled with a lot of people from Spain, Finland, France and Italy in Europe. One result was a showing that we come from the Altai Mountain region. There was safety in the mountains so that's where they moved to back in the pre-historic times.
Masam, for the love of GOD. Please make a video regarding the DNA of Ancient Egyptians, and who is their close ancestors
According to a study on 150 mummies their closest descendants are modern middle easterners. Which is not surprising.
Why
Ancient middle estern
TheHandyman look to southern Egypt. Those DARK skinned people with straight, curly, and wooly hair look just like the Ancient Egyptian depictions of themselves. Ain’t no way in the world then pale and tan Arabs were there first.
TheHandyman ancient Egyptians they descended from land of punt modern day called Somalia
Haplogroups A,B are not the same people as E1b1b and E1b1a these two branches are one group that split and they are Afro-Asiatic people that speak Afro-Asiatic language. And I know this because of genetic articles and studying DNA . E1B1A and E1b1b comes from haplogroup DE Haplogroup A,and B2b are different people so all African people are not the same and some people in Africa been saying this for year's....
ENJOYED this video immensely!
IDEA for another video: actually show a PICTURE/PHOTO/DIAGRAM of a HAPLOGROUP in DNA. It always gets talked about, but there are NEVER actually PICTURES - hardly even an ATTEMPT …
Data Scientist Mark in North America
I'm Haplogroup YDNA J1
@wfre devg bedouin Arab
I thought haplogroups was some new heavy metal sub-genre.
Fascinating but way above my intellectual level. However, being an amateur critique of speaking or the delivering of thoughts through speech, this guy is brilliant! Not one syllable out of place, no "uh's" , or other superfluous utterances...almost too perfect as to making it sound "monophonic"...if that's even a word. Wes
*Can you do a video about the Basque?*
The Main thing I know about the Basques is that during the last Ice Age the main Haplogroup that produced the female Gaels/Celt was "H" for Helina or Helena. She dominates Europe and found all over Europe but mostly in Basque Country and especially in the Western Isles and Britain. She came originally from India and produced "Nasreen" and "Rohani" and then Vera Helena, and then "Vera" and Helena", from the Matriarch of the rest of the world= Manju L3 who came from North Africa. Manju is still found in Africa, India, The Andaman Islands, Burma, Australia. She also went throigh the Levant and the Caucasus to Europe. Yes they are many youtube films of the Basques, which show many affinities to the Gaels of Scotland and Ireland Cynthia McLaglen
@@cynthiamclaglen5687 so the original Basq women were from India?
There are wonderful films about the Basques on youtube! You can hear their language and their music and their dancing and hear their bagpipes which went to France and to British Gael countries. Yippee! Cynthia McLaglen
@@MrJoebrooklyn1969 Most women came from an African woman, called L3 (Manju). The names put on them do not have to be used because they are "add-ons", but they help me to remember the Halotype. Haplogroups are a lot of the same Haplogroups. Manju(L3) is still in Africa but because she went to India about 70,000 years ago she herself will have additional mutations. When she first went to India she mutated many "Root" Haplogroups, which are still there! From Manju to Nasreen to Rosina, To Vera to Vera Helen/Helina, to Helena. All the roots of these women are still in India. Manju went to Burma and began to look Burmese. She went to the Andaman Islands and began to look like all the Andamanese Islanders. She went with her companion Cain (M130), and they went to Australia via the Indonesian Archipelago. At that time the Sunda Shelf was above the sea, and parts of Australia, were above the sea and almost joined to New Guinea. He then split from the Manju/Cain group that wanted to go south, and made the Ethnic Australians, and so he went towards Thailand and beyond! Eventually, he went across the Bering Straights and also on the sea using the Aleutian islands and he got to North West America and created the Tlingit and Navaho peoples. Manju also split and her descendant Helena went to the Levant and also to the Caucasus, carrying on to Europe. As these people continued on their journey they changed an mutated, as this happens all the time, through tens of thousands of years. The people who went north just like the Indians became paler skinned until they were almost "white". The reason for this is that if you cover up because of the cold, you do not get as much son. The sun produced vital vitamins to keep the body healthy, The Inuit eat fish eyes to give them essential vitamins, that they cannot get from plants. So Helena was in Europe and Britain, which you could WALK to at that time, because the sea was sucked up in the icy breath of the Ice Age. However when it got even worse, no human could live there so Helena and her male companions moved down to Basque land. The Northern Peoples moved down to the Balkans. When it began to get warmer, they all moved up again. The ice age has lasted a long time and comes and then becomes less cold over that time. At the moment we have damaged it, so we will eventually , not far from now, lose all our cities by the sea, all over the world. Cynthia McLaglen
@@cynthiamclaglen5687 but the out of Africa theory has been debunked.
what is important is that we all humans and hopefully with good heart and soul along with good intentions.
Agreed. The body is a shell to carry around your heart and mind. What is most important is what is in that heart and mind.
There is no universally accepted scientific definition of a human
Al Demir I agree what is most important is in the heart and mind of people. All people.
Brian What ever makes you happy but don't fool yourself.
BABBLE CRAP
Solutrean you ask....I work in archaeology and I find it very compelling. It is the best answer for Haplo X2a found in ancient western European and ancient Native American populations. It helps explain the skeletal phenotype in pre-8,000 year old Native skeletons. If you don't like Solutrean explain the skeletal morphology, I'd love a real answer to that. And the sophisticated technology found only at that time in those two places.
Yes, we need a solutrean video!
Great video, masaman. I cringe badly everytime somebody tries to prove genepool based merely on a population's haplogroup (I'm Greek and I have experienced this claim against me quite a few times).
A population ("always") has many haplogroups. There are no "pure" races, peoples, tribes, clans, whatever other collection of humanity one wants to name. Certainly is true of Greeks, and Germans, and name anyone else. Humans love to make other humans. Who is handy? About 20% of southern Greece is R1b. J1 and J2 and E1B among others are represented.
Now, there are limits to that. Just because a people are conquered does NOT mean that the the conquerors' genes are dominant. Women are prized in history as a means to have offspring due to high childbirth mortality, and high infant mortality. So they were not usually killed. And men are needed as slaves and a populace to farm and do menial chores, although they were killed far more than women. Plus the conquerors may have a high proportion of the dominant haplogroup of the conquered peoples, plus the lesser percentage haplogroups. And conquered women knew how to abort and erase their violence against themselves.
And there are limits to that. It is said that a large % of central Asia has Genghis Khan's genes due the number of wives and concubines he had. Summary, enjoy the uniqueness but we are very much interrelated.
@@ownpetard8379 Yeah I'm sure I'm very related to an Ugandan. We look so similar afterall...
You could say that all living creatures on this planet are "related." We all came from a single cell millions of years ago.
@@TimtheEnchanter25 You very likely are related to an Ugandan. That is near where “Lucy” was found. Right?
I've been a sub since around 26K, maybe earlier.. Mason, you are kicking ass! 👍
#Masaman I am a Afro Caribbean man born in Haiti, but I have ancestry from numerous other Caribbean countries.. My YDNA is HG G2a1 and my MTDNA L3f
You are Japeth
I belong to haplogroup A as a Somali, the father of all groups.
Is there an online source (site, channel, book) that gives other basic introductions to human genetics or genetics in general?
How are the maps done, without taking extensive DNA tests and collecting samples around the regions?
i absolutely love your videos, God bless your soul man.
I am from the US, but live in Scandinavia. I tested for my mtDNA years ago. Was confirmed to be haplogroup I, the first group to migrate to Scandinavia. Weird coincidence! My father wanted to find out his Y-DNA but unfortunately passed away. I have a brother, but I doubt he would want to pay for a test. My mother's paternal grandfather was Potawatomi, but you can't see that in our haplogroup, of course.
Both my paternal grandparents were Sicilian, and actually related to one another. They had 12 children (6 boys and 6 girls). They all have blue eyes! Sicily has been conquered or colonized by almost every ethnicity: Vikings, Normans, British, Phoenicians, Arabs, Jews, Italians, Italic peoples, Romans, Greeks, French, Spaniards, Aragonese, Swabian, Albanians etc. I sure wish I knew the genetic history of my paternal side.
I think it doesn't determine ethnicity nor race at all, you can be white with blonde hair and have E1b1a yDNA haplogroup but the mtDNA will be a different story, therefore you're technically part West African and European but look like any other northwest European
SNPs are better measurement, I assume.
Totally love this channel
New to your channel, can’t believe I hadn’t found this earlier!
Have a new subscriber
Thanks for all these! Id be interested in seeing how would you use your genetic make up to trace up your ancestry. Obviously things wont be exact, but the exercise would be plenty interesting.
I am indo ancestry dna from Guyana but all race are beautiful
avishkar ali
Great comment
topcat seriosblack thanks i have you tube channel too
avishkar ali
Pigmies are beautiful?
Angela Bender
Yes they are!
Their face glows with innocence!
Australian aborigines is beautiful too?
The Solutrean hypothesis sounds so cool! I never heard of it before.
I don't think "affair" is the proper word to describe Thomas Jefferson and his sexual encounters with female slaves.
Agree. What he meant to say was RAPE
It's impossible to tell without evidence. TJ and his concubine/slave may have been quite happy in each other's company.
Beastiaaalliiitttiii
visicircle, So you think it's just a coincidence that Thomas and a woman he owned (that was 75% white) just happened to fall in love with each other when he was a old dude and she was a teenager? So that guy Ariel Castro that kidnapped those girls in his basement for 10 years and got them pregnant multiple times, do you think they enjoyed each other's company? What's the difference?Let's say this ridiculous idea of yours was true let's say she had "stockholm syndrome." If they both liked each other, why the h3ll did he never free her before he died?! It's kind of hard to legitimize a real relationship with your sex slave if she's a slave!
@@gogolouie7768 So it's only ok when it's a black man with a white woman and not the other way around. You're very closed-minded. Today we live in a very hostile environment. Don't believe that everyone came about this earth via rape....look at the video, look at how many diverse races/mutation came to be....the world was not populated via rape when foreigners met. Open your mind and don't get accustomed to the Kim K and Kanye union being NORMAL and HARRY and MEGAN MARKLE being ABNORMAL. Love is love regardless. Mr. Jefferson and his "concubine" had children and no one knows what went on during their union. Not you, me or anyone except for them....they're dead just like your heart.
He was not the father, by the time those kids were born he was old and senile according to himself. And he was already under extreme scrutiny from being accused before. It is most likely a relative of his was the father
B2a1a1a1 from Albania here. I feel very special because it is very rare in Europe, even in Albania. They've told me l am descendant of Proto-Albanians who came from eastern Africa. Most of them were E haplogroup which is dominant in almost all african peoples and in some european peoples(Albanians, Vardaskans and Bulgarians).
@TURKUN GUCUNU GORECEKSINIZ. i like you told someone in different comment thread to "learn humanity" because he told you are you are an idiot ... yet here you are a disgusting racist bastard :)
nice switch bro
It's important to note that Mitochondrial Eve and Y-Chromosomal Adam were not a breeding pair who were the ancestors of all humans; they are just the most recent common ancestors of all extant humans via maternal and paternal descent, respectively, and they they actually lived thousands of years apart from each other, and there were lots of other humans alive with them at their respective times, but none of those other humans' descendants' descendants' descendants' [...etc...] descendants form unbroken chains of matrilineal or patrilineal descent from those other humans down to today.
actually we are not sure whether they lived thousands of years apart but it seems fairly certain that they never met each other
I really enjoy your videos, thank you!
The R1b in NW North America is quite intriguing, considering the obvious presence of R1B in Algonquians it’s strange that there is a lack of R1b in Eastern Siberia and Inuits.
We need to have more DNA samples but I’m wondering if the Vikings left Scotish or Irish celts behind in Vinland; just a hypothesis since Ireland and the Scotish Highlanders are predominately R1B.
I would love to hear your analysis of Neanderthal and other non sapien influence to dna in various different groups if at all possible. Enjoy your content x
Neanderthal DNA Is like less than 4% In modern humans today, It has no influence at all
Aliens mixed some of their DNA with hominids to create the modern human.
@@wild.xtiger7250 it has 4% influence.
Can you do a video on the ancient history of the Palestine region? Or wtv happened to the philistines
Alhut Aleazim i believe modern Palestinians to be a mixture between Phillistines from Greece and Phoenicians with some Arab genetic and cultural influence from the Arabian peninsula
VERY INDO-EUROPEAN wait a second......the philistines were Greek? I never knew that. And the phonecians were further north in Lebanon I dont think they would have had a lot of influence. Especially since they were pagans and the kingdoms of Israel and Judea wouldn't have liked them very much
Modern Palestinians are more than likely genetically hybrid hebrews largely genetically mixed with the conquering arab muslims.
Mike Spearwood also probably some mixing with the Turks and the many other groups that controlled this region throughout history.
Alhut Aleazim yes, I would assume some small amounts of Turkish and Persian DNA would be found in Palestinians.
I almost chose "genetics" as my answer to the poll, but changed my mind when I saw "culture;" All answers seemed viable...
You stated haplo groups but you only focused on male groups. The story changes when you address female grouping
Can you do Demographic of Iraq please
_Random Dog_ yes
Elias Frahat Sumerians, Arabs, and Kurds?
VERY INDO-EUROPEAN sumerians no longer exists but Assyrian madanians childeans still exist and arabs are the main group of the country
Árabes, kurdos, turcomanos, asirios, caldeos y árabes son un grupo importante
اردني وافتخر اردني يتكلم اسباني غريب كيف حالك اخي
Masaman, I can tell that a lot of people are requesting stuff and I can sense that you have your hands full. But if you have the time can you do a video about the genetics of the Greeks. Thanks . Also keep up the great videos.
then why some races think they are superior?
Payam yazdi because it's fun:)
Asmoh أسموح That's true, than why do you hate Whites and cheer on their ethnic cleansing that is being done by Zionist Jews?
Why do some people think that artificial division into "races" has some sort of basis in reality? As if there is a set of strict parametrs which divide people. The "race" theory is a big peace of crap, there is no such thing. Particular genes play a big role, language and culture plays role, upbringing does. Not some phenotipic expression which makes some faces wider and some skin whiter.
Because tribalism
@BnaANMNp - Race does have a basis in reality. There are clustering of genetic difference that fit so well with the classic races that computers are able to sort people just on DNA alone.
Amazing stuff!
keep it up
Just as I needed a video on this
Any other Y-DNA T's here? I have Thomas Jefferson's haplogroup
Yes
Hhh yeah man
my fathers HG
ruclips.net/video/Y5ddgRNp89Y/видео.html
great video! be careful if you make a video on the Solutrean hypothesis make sure to mention that Few if any archaeologists-or, for that matter, geneticists, linguists, or physical anthropologists-take seriously the idea of a Solutrean colonization of America.
Yesid Antonio you make a video
Yesid Antonio you have just one major problem to deal with, the Native Americans of the Great Lakes region themselves believe the Solutrean hypothesis.
I don't know why that hypothesis even exists, because during the time of the Solutrean the y DNA haplogroup r1b wasn't even in that area yet.
I think we underestimate the abilities of the ancients to navigate the oceans. Take the Olmec civilisation for example, who clearly have African features.
Haplogroups describe the 1/46 of human dna, and are usually oppose to what the autosomal 45/46 human dna shows, yet people tend to speak more about Haplogroups than autosomal dna
let me just tell this to the people of my country and the rest of the Visegrad:
Czechs, Slovaks, Hungarians and Austrians are the most mixed peoples of Europe.
these people are on average equally Balto-Slavic, Romance and Germanic. then you have
do prdele.
North africa is predominantly e1b e-m81 & e-m78.
Why do always group north africa tot the middle east.
Yes mostly but do not forget the presence of Hblogroup j1 by at least a third in North Africa
اردني وافتخر that is a lie, there is no 1/3 of J1 present in North Africa, that is a huge statement and needs some citations, provide evidence and groups that make up 33.3% of of the whole North Africa with consistencies proving what you have just stated is in fact true.
abcde fghij actually no, J is not that common, R Haplogroups are more common than J carriers, en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Moroccans
"The Roman Empire controlled this region from the 1st century BC, naming it Mauretania Tingitana. Christianity was introduced in the 2nd century AD and gained converts in the Roman towns, among slaves and some Berber farmers."
"In 670 AD, the first Islamic conquest of the North African coastal plain took place under Uqba ibn Nafi, a general serving under the Umayyads of Damascus. The Umayyad Muslims brought their language, their system of government, and Islam to Morocco. Many of the Berbers slowly converted to Islam"
It is more like forcefully converted, what happens if a person refuses Islam, they will be put to death. Explained in the Quran and many Sahih Hadiths.
"In 1549, the region fell to successive Arab dynasties claiming descent from the Islamic prophet, Muhammad: first the Saadi dynasty who ruled from 1549 to 1659, and then the Alaouite dynasty, who remained in power since the 17th century."
"Under the Saadi Dynasty, the country repulsed Ottoman incursions and a Portuguese invasion at the battle of Ksar el Kebir in 1578. The reign of Ahmad al-Mansur brought new wealth and prestige to the Sultanate, and a large expedition to West Africa inflicted a crushing defeat on the Songhay Empire in 1591. However, managing the territories across the Sahara proved too difficult. After the death of al-Mansur the country was divided among his sons."
"The genetic proximity observed between Moroccans and Southern Europeans alternatively during history with the invasion and the occupation during nearly seven centuries of the Iberian Peninsula by Moorish troops.[19] A genetic study published in January 2012 stated that the indigenous North-west African ancestry appears most closely related to populations outside of Africa but "divergence between Moroccan people and Near Eastern/Europeans likely precedes the Holocene (>12,000 ya) and The Paleolithic (>40.000BC)."[20]"
That is the Turkic people's.
"Recent studies make clear no significant genetic differences exist between Arabic and non-Arabic speaking populations, The human leukocyte antigen HLA DNA data suggest that most Moroccans are of a Berber origin and that Arabs who invaded North Africa and Spain in the 7th century did not substantially contribute to the gene pool."
he Moorish refugees from Spain settled in the coast-towns.[23] According to a 2000 article in European Journal of Human Genetics, Moroccans from North-Western Africa were genetically closer to Iberians than to Sub-Saharan Africans of Bantu Ethnicity and Middle Easterners.[24]"
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_on_Moroccans
"According to the X-Chromosome SNP analyses, the authors reported a high genetic homogeneity between berbers and Arabs in NW Africa, so they suggested that the Arabisation of this area was a cultural phenomenon, which did not imply a replacement of the ancestry population."
Genetic distribution
"E-M215 has two ancient branches that contain all known modern E-M215 men, E-M35 and E-M281. Of these two, the only branch that has been confirmed in a native population outside of Ethiopia is E-M35, which in turn has four known branches, E-V68, E-Z827, E-V6 and E-V92. E-V68 and E-V257 have been found in highest numbers in North Africa and the Horn of Africa
Moroccan Y-DNA Haplogroups
A study of 20 Moroccan Jews found 30% were G.[31] The tested men were then apparently living in Israel. Another study of Jewish men found 19.3% of 83 Jewish men from Morocco belonged to haplogroup G.[57] over G Moroccan samples are Likely Positive on the SNP G2a2b Haplogroup, it has been identified in neolithic human remains in Europe dating between 5000 and 3000BC. Furthermore, the majority of all the male skeletons from the European Neolithic period have so far yielded Y-DNA belonging to this haplogroup like the mummified remains of Ötzi the Iceman, The National Geographic Society places haplogroup G origins in the Middle East 30,000 years ago and presumes that people carrying the haplogroup took part in the spread of the Neolithic into Africa and then Europe [58
Haplogroup J-P209 is believed to have arisen roughly 31,700 years ago in Southwest Asia (31,700±12,800 years ago according to Semino 2004). Haplogroup J-P209 is found in greatest concentration in Southwestern Arabian Peninsula. Outside of this region, haplogroup J-P209 has a presence in North Africa: Algeria (up to 35%) (Semino 2004), Tunisia (up to 31%),[52] Morocco (up to 20%) (Semino 2004), Egypt (up to 20%) (Luis 2004).
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_history_of_North_Africa
In historic times, North Africa was occupied by various populations, including the Phoenicians (814-146 BCE), Romans (146 BCE-439 CE), Vandals and Alains (439-534 CE), and Byzantines (534-647 CE). In the 7th century, Islam was diffused in the area. Under the unifying framework of Islam, on the one hand, and the settlement of some Middle Eastern tribes together with the migration of the Moors of Andalusia into the Maghreb (after the Spanish Catholic Reconquista) on the other, a fusion took place that resulted in a new ethnocultural entity all over the Maghreb and Egypt and all contributed to the diffusion of the Arab-Islamic culture among the North African populations.[1]
West Eurasian haplogroups, such as Haplogroup J and Haplogroup R1, have also been observed at moderate frequencies. A thorough study by Arredi et al. (2004), which analyzed populations from Algeria, concludes that the North African pattern of Y-chromosomal variation (including both J1 and R1)
Ancestor of Haplogroup J (modern Arabs and Israelis) possible place of origin is Caucasus/Eurasia
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_J_(mtDNA)
Ancestors is JT, ancestor of JT is R2,JT highest frequency and most ancient official ancestor is Haplogroup R MtDNA
en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R_(mtDNA)
See and they are only 20% by the admix groups, the dominated Haplogroup for Algeria, Morocco and Libya is E-m81 with frequencies hitting as high as 80-100% by reported tribes of those ethnic groups, including Tunisians as well (the E-m78/E-m81/E-z827) carriers
اردني وافتخر That's not the arab J1 we have the neolitic J1 and it. Came straight from Armenia throught The levant and phoenician conquests later on. At that time Arabs didn't even existed
abcde fghij no thats not true
My mtDNA haplogroup is H3. My dad's Y-DNA haplogroup is I-M253. :-)
Amazing work!!! My favorite channel!!!! Thanks Masaman! You're brilliant!!! How about now one on the IBERIAN and HIBERNIAN connection? Thanks bud!!
I still think genetics are somewhat inconclusive
Eiríkr Tanglehair I think you are correct
Eiríkr Tanglehair in what sense?
the dankest Scientists and researchers tend to rely too much on genetics and haplogroups, wich can be useful but not 100 percent accurate and most of the time it is used to post sjw propaganda on doubtful articles in the internet
I'm a nilotic and never thought khoisan would be the closest to us.
Wow I never got so much knowledge before in my life
Rittika Sinha ,Indus valley civilization DNA report is on the way,which can point to conclusively weather Indus people were Aryan's or Dravidians or Iranians..)).
greetings my indo-iranian indo-european sister
Rittika Sinha question everything. The truth fears no investigation.
deep blue Werent aryans iranians?
Sally hemmings is really pretty
Diggity Dank oh for real? I wonder who that person in the painting actually is then
Im surprised you picked up on the R haplogroup in Chad and Niger alot of people don't know that, I learn a lot from your videos keep it up man
See: "Ancient History of the Arbins, Bearers of Haplogroup R1b, from Central Asia to Europe, 16,000 to 1500 Years before Present"
file.scirp.org/Html/19567.html
Very interesting article.
Excerpt (pg.99): "The map of R1b haplotype locations considered in this study, until they arrived to Iberia ~4800 ybp.
The overall migration path of the Arbins had apparently started in South Siberia, where present day R1b haplotypes of the Shors, Teleuts, Altayans, Uighurs, Khakass, Tuva people (the right-hand side pins) are tremendously different from those in Europe and the Middle East. The migration route continued through the regions in Middle Asia and Russia, where Bashkirs, Kazakhs, Uzbeks, Mari, Tatars, Kalmyks presently live. From the Central Russia region the Arbins moved to the Caucasus and further South to Anatolia, Middle East, present day Iraq, Lebanon, and then westward along the Mediterranean Sea onto Northern Africa to the Atlantic. On that way R1b-V88 bearers split and went deep into Africa, where their descendants currently live in Cameroon and Chad (Cruciani eeir migratory path into Africa is reproduced here from the above reference. The map shows R1b locations previous to arrival to the strea he ea. Cu- rope, ed a mo t al., 2010). ThPyrenees ~~4800 ybp, from where they moved North as Bell Beakers and populated Europe between 4800 - 3000 ybp and later."
Alapiko ma Mālolonui thanks for the info
Do a video on the Solutrean hypotesis!
My thoughts on the Greek case will show you that something is going wrong here. I am Cypriot, so according to the map you've shown us I belong to the Anatolian / Middle East halpogroup, although Cypriot DNA is 70% European(wtf) but, let's say we go back in time and let's say the "Enosis" fight actually won, so, if that happened I would have been considered Greek, then... my Island would have a differed color on your map(wtf). So am I an Anatolian or Sub Saharan? lol
I wonder who does these maps... who does these researches, and on what scale and what data??? I suggest that when doing videos like this you should try to work on them a bit more. Give out more info, mention publishers, researchers etc. Because, one region's halpogroup cannot be that of the whole country. I just wonder, on what data was that halpogroup research done... from which part of Greece, and... from how many people where the samples taken...........!!
Ακριβώς Γιώργο. Εδώ που ήμαστε μια σταλιά τόπος η Κύπρος και το κάθε χωριό έχει άλλη καταγωγή... και αυτοί βγάζουν "αποτελέσματα" για χώρες ολόκληρες με μια σταλιά δειγματοληψία...... ό,τι να ναι!
Σε μας πριν το 74' υπήρχαν ΠΟΛΥ καθαροί πληθυσμοί. Το κάθε χωριό είχε την ιδιομορφία του. Εκεί έβλεπες ότι στις βόρειες ακτές του νησιού οι πληθυσμοί είχαν έντονο Ελληνο-Μικρασιατικό στοιχείο. Οι νότιες ακτές είχαν επιρροές από Αιγύπτιους και Φοίνικες, η Πάφος πιο αρχαιοελληνικό, η Λάρνακα είχε αρκετό Εβραϊκό από Εβραίους που έγιναν χριστιανοί κτλ υπήρχαν χωριά με επιρροή κατευθείαν από τους Σταυροφόρους, όπου 8 στους 10 κατοίκους είναι ξανθοί ή κοκκινομάλληδες. Χωριά με καθαρή Ιταλική επιρροή από Βενετσιάνους, χωριά που έκτισαν Πελλοπονήσιοι κατά τους νεότερους βυζαντινούς χρόνους κτλ κτλ, το 74' με τις μετακινήσεις πληθυσμών άλλαξαν όλα, χάθηκε η συνοχή.
Με τους Ιταλούς αυτό που έγινε όταν έπεσε η Κύπρος στους Οθωμανούς, ήταν ότι έγιναν μουσουλμάνοι για μια καλύτερη ζωή, μετά επί Αγγλοκρατίας το γύρισαν σε χριστιανοί και έγιναν "Ελληνοκύπριοι" το ίδιο ισχύει για όλους... όποιος χριστιανός λέγεται Ελληνοκύπριος. Επί Αγγλοκρατίας οι μουσουλμάνοι του νησιού γυρνούσαν αβέρτα στον Χριστιανισμό μιας και εξ αρχής λινοβάμβακοι ήταν.... ο τότε μητροπολίτης Πάφου αν δεν είχε αρνηθεί σε 18 χωριά το βάφτισμα σήμερα δεν θα υπήρχαν Τουρκοκύπριοι. Ένα σημείο της καταγωγής μας που με ξενίζει κάπως, είναι η απουσία Συριακού στοιχείου. Λογικό θα ήταν έντονο μιας και γείτονες, και υπαγωγής στο Πατριαρχείο Αντιοχείας, και λόγο Βυζαντινοαραβικών πολέμων, με την μετέπειτα ειρήνη και εγκατάσταση Αραβικού πληθυσμού στην Κύπρο, λογικό θα ήταν να υπήρχε "Συριακό dna" σε μας, αλλά δεν υπάρχει. Σήμερα ακόμη και στους Μαρωνήτες ακόμη το γενετικό υλικό δεν διαφέρει πολύ από τον μέσο Κύπριο... οι "άγνωστες" πτυχές του πολέμου!! Ένα σημείο της ιστορίας μας που περνάει απαρατήρητο.
Dimitry Alexander Actually what do you mean Anatolian?(just to be sure that we are talking about the same thing). Also many anatolians have Greek DNA. I was in Italy two weeks ago. I was standing somewhere in Rome and at one moment someone came and started speaking in Greek to me(he was obviously Greek). He just recognised from the face that I was Greek. Greeks look Greek. You can see Greeks with blonde hair, with black hair, with brown hair, with pale white skin, with reddish white skin, with tanned skin but all have the same characteristics.
Dimitry Alexander The first thing i noticed in Italy was that many Italians look like Greeks, but generally you can recognise a Greek and an Italian. Everyone in Italy thought that we were from Spain(because of the Greek language and face I guess).
I still insist that typically Greeks don't have light brown skin(of course there are Greeks with olive skin but it's like 1/10). Have you ever been to Greece? Especially in northern part there are even more blondes. You may get confused with olive skin and tanned skin. During the summer most people are tanned because of the sun.
The solutrean hypothesis would make a great video! This video was very well done!
The statement that _'Race'_ is a _'cultural'_ concept is a falacy exploiting a flaw in the English language that lacks the needed word _'Ethnia'_ that exists in other languages.
The existing word _'Ethnicity'_ should mean, according to the suffix -ity, _'the state, quality or condition of belonging to an ethnia'._
Thus, _'Ethnia'_ is the human group that share a culture, history, language, and a predominant but not exclusive _'racial'_ inheritance.
_'Race'_ is the human group that share physical traits that don't appear in other _'Races'_ and pass down to their children by biological means.
Those physical traits are now known to be due to genes, haplogroups, DNA, whatever biological concept appliable, but the word _'Race'_ was minted to denote physical inherited differences long before any Mendel Law were even known.
*_RACE = PHYSICAL, ETHNIA = CULTURAL_*
Since _'Culture'_ is mentally acquired, tell me _'Race'_ is a cultural concept when Black people *_learn_* how to have blond fair skin children.
The fact that _'cultural'_ reasons such as social isolation can help keep some haplogroups and avoid getting others doesn't make genes _'cultural'_ concepts instead of _'biological'_ ones.
*_WHENEVER YOU HEAR RACE IS CULTURAL, WATCH OUT! THAT IS KALERGI PLAN IN FULL SWING._*
*_AND 'GENDER IDEOLOGY' COMES NEXT._*
Could you do a video about the Brazilian pardo, please
Maternal Haplogroup J1 and Paternal Haplogroup R-CTS241 it's definitely an interesting mixture. I'm also apparently 98% Portuguese. I wonder if they're connected
Man, im waiting for these "We wuz kangz" comments
We wuz. Are you happy now?
WE WUZ KANGZNNNNNNN SHIETTT DAS RYTH???????????????
lima leaf frog we WUZ cavemen n SHEIT then we stole the Roman identity from Mediterranean Hellenistic society and revised history
@lima leaf frog I can say I am proudly northern/southern/western european (like 30-30-30) so I wuz roman, viking and celt and shiet. No eastern europe in me but I am fixing this with my pure balto-slavic gf.
Autarchyan you’re reaching , sounds like you’re the basic , French, or English . The Southern European is just Celt Iberian Not Mediterranean like the romans. And don’t forget your Neanderthal genes
Talk about haplogroup C/C3 if you could, I know trey the explainer talked about it a bit. Its Interesting tho, haplogroup C is said to have been before most other haplogroups (in east asia/south asia at least) and were part of the ethnic groups we know today as aboriginal (australian) the ainu, and dravidians.
lovely day800
Yes would love to see this video would explain they origins of they Pacific in detail.
RexPETA1789 but in the photo it shows the haplogroup C line passing right threw the southern tip of india (dravidians) then another branching off to australia (aborginals) the line continues to go right threw japan (ainu) and beyond (presumably first paleoamericans that are now extinct, although a don’t know much of anything about C3 so correct me if I’m wrong)
The ainu are halopgroup d not c
These videos attract a lot of interesting people.
Technically speaking while Sally Hemming's has Jefferson DNA. It may not be Thomas Jefferson DNA. President Jefferson had a brother who could have been Sally Hemming's lover.
72Worker Ydna is T look at where it comes from
DNA testing only tells us Sally Hemming's had a male Jefferson lover. But Thomas Jefferson was not the only MALE Jefferson at the time so he does not have to be Sally Hemming's lover. Watch the link below and learn!
ruclips.net/video/uXOSBUtEAQI/видео.html
watch?v=uXOSBUtEAQI
ruclips.net/video/rlPQfPH7u4M/видео.html
watch?v=rlPQfPH7u4M
Be a bit more open-minded genetics groups. Thomas Jefferson was not the only man with male Jefferson DNA at the time.