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Wheatshire, the crop circle game here

Play the game of a higher level of consciousness here

Spitzweg war einfach grandios. In der DDR Kult. (in meiner Jugend). Die Begleitmusik ist auch sehr passend. Danke

Traumhaft schöne Bilder hatte er gemalt 👌💖

einfach und herrlich❤Dankeschön

😊

Vielen Dank für den Film.Da kommen Erinnerungen hochDie Abteilung des Deutschen Museums ist ja leider noch mindestens bis 2028 wegen Renovierungsarbeiten geschlossen.

UAPs graffiti on our wheat fields so creative 💖

...eher Windstärke 5-6. Bei 10 reißt der Wind von den Wellenkämmen die Lippe ab und die Böen reißen das Wasser zu einer Gischt hoch. Davon ist hier nichts zu sehen. Gruß aus dem hohen Norden von Fehmarn.

And ignorant

Its the modern say rosicrucians this is man made. To questions mans mathmatic abilities or abilities in general and just running with aliens did it is just absolutely absurd and quite frankly disgraceful.

EXCLLENT IMAGES, AWFUL MUSIC

*Clearly, someone became creative with a lawnmower 😊*

Defineitely from another world. Too perfect, done at night, over 6-8 hours.

Im starting to wonder if its just the shadow governemwnt, the illuminati, the powers that be using some sort of technology to create these and then implant the idea of an alien invasion, which is the "last card" they will play. I do believe there is life on other planets cuz, obviously. I am so sure though that there mist be some sort of agreement amongst them to not interfere with us.

Video yang luar biasa teman saya, nikmati selalu video Anda yang luar biasa, terima kasih telah berbagi, semoga hari Anda menyenangkan

What do they mean is there a compendium to try and learn the language anywhere?

Our universe is talking to us but we dont yet understand

A very low form of art that's why no one will admit to it🤣hahahahahahaha

😂😂😂V I D E O F O R F U C K H E A D S

aliens putting a stamp on their claims.

Absolutely amazing! Spiritual masterpieces.

• introverted ► adjective 1. of, denoting, or typical of an introvert. ■ (of a community, company, or other group) concerned principally with its own affairs; inward-looking or parochial. 2. Anatomy & Zoology (of an organ or other body part) turned or pushed inward on itself. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• clear klɪə ► adjective 1. easy to perceive, understand, or interpret: clear and precise directions | her handwriting was clear | am I making myself clear ? ■ leaving no doubt; obvious or unambiguous: it was clear that they were in a trap | a clear case of poisoning. ■ having or feeling no doubt or confusion: every pupil must be clear about what is expected. 2. (of a substance) transparent; unclouded: the clear glass of the French windows | a stream of clear water. ■ free of cloud, mist, or rain: the day was fine and clear. ■ (of a person's skin) free from blemishes. ■ (of a colour) pure and intense: clear blue delphiniums. ■ archaic (of a fire) burning with little smoke: a bright, clear flame. 3. free of any obstructions or unwanted objects: with a clear road ahead he shifted into high gear | I had a clear view in both directions. ■ (of a period of time) free of any appointments or commitments: the following Saturday, Mattie had a clear day. ■ [predic.] (of a person) free of something undesirable or unpleasant: after 18 months of treatment he was clear of TB. ■ (of a person's mind) free of anything that impairs logical thought: in the morning, with a clear head, she would tackle all her problems. ■ (of a person's conscience) free of guilt. 4. (clear of) not touching; away from: the lorry was wedged in the ditch, one wheel clear of the ground. 5. [attrib.] complete; full: you must give seven clear days' notice of the meeting. ■ (of a sum of money) net: a clear profit of £1,100. 6. Phonetics denoting a palatalized form of the sound of the letter l (as in leaf in south-eastern English speech). Often contrasted with dark. ► adverb 1. so as to be out of the way of or away from: he leapt clear of the car | stand clear, I'll start the plane up. ■ so as not to be obstructed or cluttered: the floor had been swept clear of litter. 2. completely: he had time to get clear away. ■ (clear to) chiefly N. Amer. all the way to: you could see clear to the bottom of the lagoon. ► verb 1. make or become clear, in particular: ■ [with obj.] remove an obstruction or unwanted item or items from: the drive had been cleared of snow | Carolyn cleared the table and washed up. ■ [with obj.] cause people to leave (a building or place): the wardens shouted a warning and cleared the streets. ■ [no obj.] gradually go away or disappear: the fever clears in two to four weeks | the mist had cleared away. ■ [no obj.] become free of cloud or rain: we'll go out if the weather clears. ■ [no obj.] (of a person's face or expression) assume a happier aspect following confusion or distress: for a moment, Sam was confused; then his expression cleared. 2. [with obj.] remove (an obstruction or unwanted item) from somewhere: the sludge was cleared from the colliery | park staff cleared away dead trees. ■ (in soccer and other sports) send (the ball) away from the area near one's goal. ■ discharge (a debt). 3. [with obj.] get past or over (something) safely or without touching it: the plane rose high enough to clear the trees | she cleared 1.50 metres in the high jump. 4. [with obj.] officially show or declare (someone) to be innocent: his sport's ruling body had cleared him of cheating. 5. [with obj.] give official approval or authorization to: I cleared him to return to his squadron. ■ satisfy the necessary requirements to pass through (customs): I can help her to clear customs quickly. ■ (with reference to a cheque) pass through a clearing house so that the money goes into the payee's account: [with obj.] the cheque could not be cleared until Monday. 6. [with obj.] earn or gain (an amount of money) as a net profit: I would hope to clear £50,000 profit from each match. clear the air make the air less humid. ■ defuse an angry or tense situation by frank discussion: it's time a few things were said to clear the air. as clear as a bell see bell1. as clear as day very easy to see or understand. as clear as mud informal not at all easy to understand. clear the decks prepare for an event or course of action by dealing with anything that might hinder progress. clear one's lines Rugby & Soccer make a kick sending the ball well upfield from near one's own goal line. clear the name of show to be innocent: the spokesman released a statement attempting to clear his client's name. clear one's throat cough slightly so as to speak more clearly, attract attention, or to express hesitancy before saying something awkward. clear the way remove an obstacle or hindrance to allow progress: the ruling could be enough to clear the way for impeachment proceedings | [in imperative] Stand back, there! Clear the way! in clear not in code. in the clear 1. no longer in danger or under suspicion: the information put her in the clear. 2. with nothing to hinder one in achieving something. out of a clear sky as a complete surprise: his moods blew up suddenly out of a clear sky. clearable adjective clearness noun. Middle English: from Old French cler, from Latin clarus. clear off or out [usu. in imperative] informal go away: ‘Clear off!’ he yelled. clear up 1. (of an illness or other medical condition) become cured: all my health problems cleared up. 2. (of the weather) become brighter. ■ (of rain) stop. clear something up 1. also clear up tidy something up by removing rubbish or other unwanted items: Thomas decided to clear up his cottage | he asked the youths to clear up their litter | I keep meaning to come down here and clear up. 2. solve or explain something: he wanted to clear up some misconceptions. 3. cure an illness or other medical condition: folk customs prescribed sage tea to clear up measles. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• definition dɛfɪ'nɪ∫(ə)n ► noun 1. a statement of the exact meaning of a word, especially in a dictionary. ■ an exact statement or description of the nature, scope, or meaning of something: our definition of what constitutes poetry. ■ [mass noun] the action or process of defining something. 2. [mass noun] the degree of distinctness in outline of an object, image, or sound. ■ the capacity of a device to make images distinct in outline: [in combination] high-definition television. by definition by its very nature; intrinsically: the assumption is that travel will, by definition, lead to creative insight. definitional adjective definitionally adverb. late Middle English: from Latin definitio(n-), from the verb definire ‘set bounds to’ (see define). •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• of ɒv ► preposition 1. expressing the relationship between a part and a whole: ■ with the word denoting the part functioning as the head of the phrase: the sleeve of his coat | in the back of the car | the days of the week. ■ after a number, quantifier, or partitive noun, with the word denoting the whole functioning as the head of the phrase: nine of the children came to the show | a series of programmes | [with mass noun] a piece of cake. 2. expressing the relationship between a scale or measure and a value: an increase of 5% | a height of 10 metres. ■ expressing an age: a boy of 15. 3. indicating an association between two entities, typically one of belonging, in which the first is the head of the phrase and the second is something associated with it: the son of a friend | the government of India | a photograph of the bride | [with a possessive] a former colleague of John's. ■ expressing the relationship between an author, artist, or composer and their works collectively: the plays of Shakespeare | the paintings of Rembrandt. 4. expressing the relationship between a direction and a point of reference: north of Watford. 5. expressing the relationship between a general category or type and the thing being specified which belongs to such a category: the city of Prague | the idea of a just society | the population of interbreeding individuals | this type of book. 6. expressing the relationship between an abstract concept having a verb-like meaning and a noun denoting the subject of the underlying verb: the opinion of the directors | the decision of the County Council. ■ where the second noun denotes the object of the underlying verb: the murder of two boys | payment of his debts | an admirer of Dickens. ■ where the head of the phrase is a predicative adjective: it was kind of you to ask | I am certain of that. 7. indicating the relationship between a verb and an indirect object: ■ with a verb expressing a mental state: I don't know of anything that would be suitable. ■ expressing a cause: he died of cancer. 8. indicating the material or substance constituting something: the house was built of bricks | walls of stone. 9. N. Amer. expressing time in relation to the following hour: it would be just a quarter of three in New York. be of possess intrinsically; give rise to: this work is of great interest and value. of all denoting the least likely or expected example: Jordan, of all people, committed a flagrant foul. of all the nerve or Brit. cheek an expression of indignation. of an evening or morning etc. informal 1. on most evenings (or mornings etc.). 2. at some time in the evenings (or mornings etc.). Old English, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch af and German ab, from an Indo-European root shared by Latin ab and Greek apo. It is a mistake to use of instead of have in constructions such as you should have asked (not you should of asked). For more information, see usage at have. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• obligation ɒblɪ'geɪ∫(ə)n ► noun an act or course of action to which a person is morally or legally bound; a duty or commitment: [with infinitive] I have an obligation to look after her. ■ [mass noun] the condition of being morally or legally bound to do something: they are under no obligation to stick to the scheme. ■ a debt of gratitude for a service or favour: she didn't want to be under an obligation to him. day of obligation (in the Roman Catholic Church) a day on which all are required to attend Mass. obligational adjective. Middle English (in the sense ‘formal promise’): via Old French from Latin obligatio(n-), from the verb obligare (see oblige). •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• orient ► noun 'ↄːrɪənt, 'ɒr- 1. the Orient literary the countries of the East, especially east Asia. 2. [mass noun] the special lustre of a pearl of the finest quality (with reference to fine pearls from the East). ■ [count noun] a pearl of the finest quality. ► adjective 'ↄːrɪənt, 'ɒr- 1. literary situated in or belonging to the east; oriental. 2. (especially of precious stones) lustrous. ► verb 'ↄːrɪənt, 'ɒr- [with obj. and adverbial] 1. align or position (something) relative to the points of a compass or other specified positions: the fires are oriented in direct line with the midsummer sunset. ■ (orient oneself) find one's position in relation to unfamiliar surroundings: there were no street names to enable her to orient herself. ■ guide (someone) in a specified direction. 2. tailor or adapt (something) to specified circumstances: magazines oriented to the business community | [as adj., in combination] (-oriented) market-oriented economic reforms. late Middle English: via Old French from Latin orient- ‘rising or east’, from oriri ‘to rise’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• degree dɪ'gri: ► noun 1. the amount, level, or extent to which something happens or is present: a degree of caution is probably wise | [mass noun] a question of degree. 2. a unit of measurement of angles, one ninetieth of a right angle or the angle subtended by one three-hundred-and-sixtieth of the circumference of a circle: set at an angle of 45 degrees. Symbol: ° 3. a unit in any of various scales of temperature, intensity, or hardness: water boils at 100 degrees Celsius. Symbol: ° 4. a stage in a scale or series, in particular: ■ [in combination] each of a set of grades (usually three) used to classify burns according to their severity. See first-degree, second-degree, third-degree. ■ [in combination] a legal grade of crime or offence, especially murder: second-degree murder. ■ [often in combination] a step in direct genealogical descent: second-degree relatives. ■ Music a position in a musical scale, counting upwards from the tonic or fundamental note: the lowered third degree of the scale. ■ Mathematics the class into which an equation falls according to the highest power of unknowns or variables present: an equation of the second degree. ■ Grammar any of the three steps on the scale of comparison of gradable adjectives and adverbs, namely positive, comparative, and superlative. ■ a rank in an order of freemasonry. 5. an academic rank conferred by a college or university after examination or after completion of a course, or conferred as an honour on a distinguished person: a degree in zoology. 6. [mass noun] archaic social or official rank: persons of unequal degree. by degrees a little at a time; gradually. to a degree to some extent: to a degree, it is possible to educate oneself. ■ dated to a considerable extent: the pressure you were put under must have been frustrating to a degree. Middle English (in the senses ‘step’, ‘tier’, ‘rank’, or ‘relative state’): from Old French, based on Latin de- ‘down’ + gradus ‘step or grade’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• level 'lɛv(ə)l ► noun 1. a horizontal plane or line with respect to the distance above or below a given point: the front garden is on a level with this floor. ■ a height or distance from the ground or another stated or understood base: storms caused river levels to rise. ■ a floor within a multi-storey building. 2. a position on a scale of amount, quantity, extent, or quality: a high level of unemployment | debt rose to unprecedented levels. ■ an intellectual, social, or moral standard: at six he could play chess at an advanced level | [mass noun] women do better at degree level. ■ a position in a hierarchy: a junior level of management. 3. an instrument marked with a line parallel to the plane of the horizon for testing whether things are horizontal. ■ Surveying an instrument for giving a horizontal line of sight. 4. a flat tract of land: [in place names] the Somerset Levels. ► adjective 1. having a flat, horizontal surface: we had reached level ground. ■ (of a quantity of a dry substance) with the contents not rising above the brim of the measure: a level teaspoon of salt. 2. at the same height as someone or something else: his eyes were level with hers. 3. having the same relative position; not in front of or behind: the car backed rapidly until it was level with me. ■ chiefly Brit. having the same position or score in a contest: the two teams finished level on points. ■ not having risen or fallen; unchanged: earnings were level at 17.5p a share. 4. calm and steady: the cold, level gaze he had given her. ► verb (levels, levelling, levelled; US levels, leveling, leveled) 1. [with obj.] give a flat and even surface to: contractors started levelling the ground for the new power station. ■ demolish (a building or town): bulldozers are now waiting to level their home. 2. [no obj.] (level off/out) begin to fly horizontally after climbing or diving. ■ (of a path, road, or incline) cease to slope: the track levelled out and there below us was the bay. ■ remain at a steady level after falling or rising: inflation has levelled out at an acceptable rate. 3. [with obj.] make equal or similar: Woods sliced the ball into the net to level the score. ■ (level something up/down) increase or reduce something in order to remove a disparity. 4. [with obj.] aim (a weapon): he levelled a pistol at us. ■ direct (a criticism or accusation): accusations of corruption had been levelled against him. 5. [no obj.] (level with) informal be frank or honest with (someone). 6. [with obj.] Surveying ascertain differences in the height of (land). do one's level best make all possible efforts. find its own level (of a liquid) reach the same height in containers which are interconnected. ■ reach a stable level, value, or position without interference. find one's own level (of a person) reach a position that seems appropriate in relation to one's associates. level of attainment Brit. a rating of the ability of a school pupil, on a scale of 1 to 10. be level pegging Brit. be equal in score or achievement during a contest: the two were level pegging after three heats. a level playing field a situation in which everyone has a fair and equal chance of succeeding. on the level informal honest; truthful: Eddie said my story was on the level. on a level with equal with: they were treated as menials, on a level with cooks. levelly adverb levelness noun. Middle English (denoting an instrument to determine whether a surface is horizontal): from Old French livel, based on Latin libella, diminutive of libra ‘scales, balance’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• stage steɪdʒ ► noun 1. a point, period, or step in a process or development: there is no need at this stage to give explicit details | I was in the early stages of pregnancy. ■ a section of a journey or race: the final stage of the journey is made by coach. ■ each of two or more sections of a rocket or spacecraft that have their own engines and are jettisoned in turn when their propellant is exhausted. ■ [with modifier] Electronics a specified part of a circuit, typically one consisting of a single amplifying transistor or valve with the associated equipment. 2. a raised floor or platform, typically in a theatre, on which actors, entertainers, or speakers perform: there are only two characters on stage. ■ (the stage) the acting or theatrical profession: I've always wanted to go on the stage. ■ [in sing.] a scene of action or forum of debate, especially in a particular political context: Britain is playing a leading role on the international stage. 3. a floor or level of a building or structure: the upper stage was added in the 17th century. ■ (on a microscope) a raised and usually movable plate on which a slide or object is placed for examination. 4. Geology (in chronostratigraphy) a range of strata corresponding to an age in time, forming a subdivision of a series. ■ (in palaeoclimatology) a period of time marked by a characteristic climate: the Boreal stage. 5. historical a stagecoach. ► verb [with obj.] 1. present a performance of (a play or other show): the show is being staged at the Grand Opera House in Belfast. ■ organize and participate in (a public event): UDF supporters staged a demonstration in Sofia. ■ cause (something dramatic or unexpected) to happen: the President's attempt to stage a comeback | the dollar staged a partial recovery. 2. Medicine diagnose or classify (a disease or patient) as having reached a particular stage in the expected progression of the disease. hold the stage dominate a scene of action or forum of debate. set the stage for prepare the conditions for (the occurrence or beginning of something): these churchmen helped to set the stage for popular reform. stage left or right on the left (or right) side of a stage from the point of view of a performer facing the audience. stageability noun stageable adjective. Middle English (denoting a floor of a building, platform, or stopping place): shortening of Old French estage ‘dwelling’, based on Latin stare ‘to stand’. Current senses of the verb date from the early 17th cent. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• phase feɪz ► noun 1. a distinct period or stage in a process of change or forming part of something's development: the final phases of the war | [as modifier] phase two of the development. ■ a stage in a person's psychological development, especially a period of temporary difficulty during adolescence or a particular stage during childhood: most of your fans are going through a phase. ■ a stage in the life cycle or annual cycle of an animal. 2. each of the aspects of the moon or a planet, according to the amount of its illumination, especially the new moon, the first quarter, the full moon, and the last quarter. 3. Zoology a genetic or seasonal variety of an animal's coloration. 4. Chemistry a distinct and homogeneous form of matter (i.e. a particular solid, liquid, or gas) separated by its surface from other forms. 5. Physics the relationship in time between the successive states or cycles of an oscillating or repeating system (such as an alternating electric current or a light or sound wave) and either a fixed reference point or the states or cycles of another system with which it may or may not be in synchrony. ■ each of the electrical windings or connections of a polyphase machine or circuit. 6. Linguistics (in systemic grammar) the relationship between a catenative verb and the verb that follows it, as in she hoped to succeed and I like swimming. ■ a structure containing two verbs in a phase. ► verb [with obj.] 1. carry out (something) in gradual stages: the work is being phased over a number of years | [as adj.] (phased) a phased withdrawal of troops. ■ (phase something in/out) introduce something into (or withdraw something from) use in gradual stages: the changes will be phased in over 10 years. 2. Physics adjust the phase of (something), especially so as to synchronize it with something else. in or out of phase 1. being or happening in (or out of) synchrony or harmony: the cabling work should be carried out in phase with the building work. 2. Physics having or in the same (or different) phase or stage of variation. early 19th cent. (in sense 2): from French phase, based on Greek phasis ‘appearance’, from the base of phainein ‘to show’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• standpoint 'stan(d)pↄɪnt ► noun an attitude to a particular issue: she writes on religion from the standpoint of a believer. ■ the position from which someone is able to view a scene or an object. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• habitual hə'bɪt∫ʊəl, -tjʊəl ► adjective done constantly or as a habit: his habitual use of heroin | this pattern of behaviour can become habitual. ■ doing something constantly or regularly: a habitual late sleeper. ■ regular; usual: his habitual dress. habitually adverb. late Middle English (in the sense ‘part of one's character’): from medieval Latin habitualis, from habitus ‘condition, appearance’ (see habit). Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• complex kəm'plɛks ► adjective 1. consisting of many different and connected parts: a complex network of water channels. ■ not easy to analyse or understand; complicated or intricate: a complex personality | the situation is more complex than it appears. 2. Mathematics denoting or involving numbers or quantities containing both a real and an imaginary part. 3. Chemistry denoting an ion or molecule in which one or more groups are linked to a metal atom by coordinate bonds. ► noun 1. a group or system of different things that are linked in a close or complicated way; a network: a complex of mountain roads. ■ a group of similar buildings or facilities on the same site: a leisure complex | a complex of hotels. 2. Psychoanalysis a related group of repressed or partly repressed emotionally significant ideas which cause psychic conflict leading to abnormal mental states or behaviour. ■ informal a strong or disproportionate concern or anxiety about something: there's no point having a complex about losing your hair. 3. Chemistry an ion or molecule in which one or more groups are linked to a metal atom by coordinate bonds. ■ any loosely bonded species formed by the association of two molecules: cross-linked protein-DNA complexes. ► verb [with obj.] Chemistry make (an atom or compound) form a complex with another: the DNA was complexed with the nuclear extract. complexation noun Chemistry complexly adverb. mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘group of related elements’): from Latin complexus, past participle (used as a noun) of complectere ‘embrace, comprise’, later associated with complexus ‘plaited’; the adjective is partly via French complexe. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• medium ► noun (pl. media or mediums) 1. an agency or means of doing something: using the latest technology as a medium for job creation | their primitive valuables acted as a medium of exchange. ■ a means by which something is communicated or expressed: here the Welsh language is the medium of instruction. 2. the intervening substance through which sensory impressions are conveyed or physical forces are transmitted: radio communication needs no physical medium between the two stations. ■ the substance in which an organism lives or is cultured. ■ a liquid (e.g. oil or water) with which pigments are mixed, with a binder, to make paint. 3. a particular form of storage material for computer files, such as magnetic tape or discs. 4. the material or form used by an artist, composer, or writer: oil paint is the most popular medium for glazing. 5. (pl. mediums) a person claiming to be in contact with the spirits of the dead and to communicate between the dead and the living. 6. the middle quality or state between two extremes; a reasonable balance: the song soon discovers a happy medium between thrash and catchy pop. ► adjective halfway between two extremes of size, amount, length, etc.; average: John is six feet tall, of medium build | plan for the medium term. ■ Cricket (of bowling or a bowler) of a pace intermediate between fast and slow bowling. mediumism noun (only in sense 5) mediumistic -'mɪstɪk adjective (only in sense 5) mediumship noun (only in sense 5). late 16th cent. (originally denoting something intermediate in nature or degree): from Latin, literally ‘middle’, neuter of medius. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• ball1 bↄ:l ► noun 1. a solid or hollow spherical or egg-shaped object that is kicked, thrown, or hit in a game: a cricket ball. ■ a spherical object or mass of material: a ball of wool | he crushed the card into a ball. ■ historical a solid spherical non-explosive projectile for a cannon. ■ [mass noun] N. Amer. a game played with a ball, especially baseball: young men would graduate from college and enter pro ball. 2. a single throw, kick, or hit of the ball in a game, in particular: ■ Cricket a delivery of the ball by the bowler to the batsman. ■ Baseball a pitch delivered outside the strike zone which the batter does not attempt to hit. ■ Soccer a pass of the ball in a specified direction or manner: Whelan sent a long ball to Goddard. ► verb [with obj.] 1. squeeze or form (something) into a rounded shape: Robert balled up his napkin and threw it on to his plate. ■ clench (one's fist) tightly. ■ [no obj.] form a round shape: the fishing nets eventually ball up and sink. ■ wrap the root ball of (a tree or shrub) in hessian to protect it during transportation. 2. N. Amer. vulgar slang have sexual intercourse with (someone). 3. [no obj.] Brit. (of a flower) fail to open properly, decaying in the half-open bud. the ball is in your court it is up to you to make the next move. a ball of fire a person who is full of energy and enthusiasm. the ball of the foot the rounded protuberant part of the foot at the base of the big toe. the ball of the thumb the rounded protuberant part of the hand at the base of the thumb. have a lot or not much on the ball US have a lot of (or not much) ability. keep the ball rolling maintain the momentum of an activity. keep one's eye on or take one's eye off the ball keep (or fail to keep) one's attention focused on the matter in hand. on the ball aware of and quick to respond to new ideas and methods. play ball play a ball game such as baseball or cricket. ■ informal work willingly with others; cooperate: if his solicitors won't play ball, there's nothing we can do. start or get or set the ball rolling cause something to start happening. the whole ball of wax N. Amer. informal everything. •Middle English: from Old Norse bollr, of Germanic origin. •ball2 bↄ:l ► noun a formal social gathering for dancing. have a ball informal enjoy oneself greatly. early 17th cent.: from French bal ‘a dance’, from late Latin ballare ‘to dance’; related to Greek ballizein ‘to dance’ (also ballein ‘to throw’). •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• contrast ► noun 'kɒntrɑːst [mass noun] the state of being strikingly different from something else in juxtaposition or close association: the day began cold and blustery, in contrast to almost two weeks of uninterrupted sunshine | [count noun] a contrast between rural and urban trends | Kos is an island of contrasts. ■ differences in colour, tone, or shape that contribute to the visual effect of a design or image. ■ the difference between tones in a television picture, photograph, etc. ■ [in sing.] a thing or person having qualities noticeably different from another: the castle is quite a contrast to other places where the singer has performed. ► verb kən'trɑːst [no obj.] differ strikingly: his friend's success contrasted with his own failure | [as adj.] (contrasting) a contrasting view. ■ [with obj.] compare in such a way as to emphasize differences: people contrasted her with her sister. contrastingly adverb contrastive adjective. late 17th cent. (as a term in fine art, in the sense ‘juxtapose so as to bring out differences in form and colour’): from French contraste (noun), contraster (verb), via Italian from medieval Latin contrastare, from Latin contra- ‘against’ + stare ‘stand’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• right rʌɪt ► adjective 1. morally good, justified, or acceptable: I hope we're doing the right thing | [with infinitive] you were quite right to criticize him. 2. true or correct as a fact: I'm not sure I know the right answer | her theories were proved right. ■ [predic.] correct in one's opinion or judgement: she was right about Tom having no money. ■ according to what is correct for a particular situation: is this the right way to the cottage? | you're not holding it the right way up. ■ best or most appropriate for a particular situation: he was clearly the right man for the job | I was waiting for the right moment to ask him. ■ socially fashionable or important: he was seen at all the right places. 3. [predic.] in a satisfactory, sound, or normal state or condition: that sausage doesn't smell right | if only I could have helped put matters right. 4. on, towards, or relating to the side of a human body or of a thing which is to the east when the person or thing is facing north: my right elbow | the right edge of the field. 5. [attrib.] Brit. informal complete; absolute (used for emphasis): I felt a right idiot. 6. relating to a person or group favouring conservative views: are you politically right, left, or centre? ► adverb 1. to the furthest or most complete extent or degree (used for emphasis): the car spun right off the track | I'm right out of ideas. ■ exactly; directly (used to emphasize the precise location or time of something): Harriet was standing right behind her. ■ informal without delaying or hesitating; immediately: I'll be right back. ■ [as submodifier] dialect or archaic very: it's right spooky in there! 2. correctly: he had guessed right. ■ in the required or necessary way; satisfactorily: nothing's going right for me this season. 3. on or to the right side: turn right off the B1269. ► noun 1. [mass noun] that which is morally correct, just, or honourable: she doesn't understand the difference between right and wrong | [count noun] the rights and wrongs of the matter. 2. a moral or legal entitlement to have or do something: [with infinitive] she had every right to be angry | you're quite within your rights to ask for your money back | [mass noun] there is no right of appeal against the decision. ■ (rights) the authority to perform, publish, film, or televise a particular work, event, etc.: they sold the paperback rights. 3. (the right) the right-hand part, side, or direction: take the first turning on the right | (one's right) she seated me on her right. ■ (in football or a similar sport) the right-hand half of the field when facing the opponent's goal. ■ the right wing of an army. ■ a right turn: he made a right in Dorchester Avenue. ■ a road or entrance on the right: take the first right over the stream. ■ a person's right fist, especially a boxer's. ■ a blow given with the right fist: the young copper swung a terrific right. 4. often the Right [treated as sing. or pl.] a group or party favouring conservative views and supporting capitalist principles: the Right got in at the election | his proposal was viewed with alarm by the right of the party. ► verb 1. [with obj.] restore to a normal or upright position: we righted the capsized dinghy. 2. restore to a normal or correct state: righting the economy demanded major cuts in defence spending. ■ redress or rectify (a wrong or mistaken action): she was determined to right the wrongs done to her father. ■ archaic make reparation to (someone) for a wrong done to them: we'll see you righted. ► exclamation informal used to indicate agreement or to acknowledge a statement or order: ‘Barry's here.’ ‘Oh, right’ | right you are, sir. ■ used as an interrogative at the end of a statement as a way of inviting confirmation or approval: you went to see Angie on Monday, right? ■ used as a filler in speech or to introduce an utterance or exhortation: right, let's have a drink | and I didn't think any more of it, right, but Mum said I should take him to a doctor. bang or N. Amer. dead to rights informal (of a criminal) with positive proof of guilt: we've got you bang to rights handling stolen property. be in the right be morally or legally justified in one's views or actions. by rights if things had happened or been done fairly or correctly: by rights, he should not be playing next week. do right by treat (someone) fairly. in one's own right as a result of one's own claims, qualifications, or efforts, rather than an association with someone else: he was already established as a poet in his own right. not in one's right mind (not) sane. as of right or by right as a result of having a moral or legal claim or entitlement: the state will be obliged to provide health care as of right. on the right side of on the safe, appropriate, or desirable side of: her portrayal of his neurotic wife falls just on the right side of caricature. ■ in a position to be viewed with favour by: he hasn't always remained on the right side of the law. ■ somewhat less than (a specified age): she's on the right side of forty. the right stuff the necessary qualities for a given task or job: he had the right stuff to enter this business. put or set someone right 1. restore someone to health. 2. make someone understand the true facts of a situation. put or set something to rights restore something to its correct or normal state. as right as rain informal (of a person) feeling completely well or healthy. right or straight away or informal off immediately. right enough informal certainly; undeniably: your record's bad right enough. right on informal used as an expression of strong support, approval, or encouragement. See also right-on. a right one Brit. informal a silly or foolish person. she's or she'll be right Austral./NZ informal that will be all right; don't worry. too right Brit. informal used to express one's enthusiastic agreement with a statement. rightable adjective righter noun rightish adjective rightless adjective rightness noun rightward adjective rightwards adjective & adverb. Old English riht (adjective and noun), rihtan (verb), rihte (adverb), of Germanic origin; related to Latin rectus ‘ruled’, from an Indo-European root denoting movement in a straight line. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• simple 'sɪmp(ə)l ► adjective (simpler, simplest) 1. easily understood or done; presenting no difficulty: a simple solution | camcorders are now so simple to operate. ■ [attrib.] used to emphasize the fundamental and straightforward nature of something: the simple truth. 2. plain, basic, or uncomplicated in form, nature, or design; without much decoration or ornamentation: a simple white blouse | the house is furnished in a simple country style. ■ humble and unpretentious: a simple Buddhist monk. 3. composed of a single element; not compound. ■ Mathematics denoting a group that has no proper normal subgroup. ■ Botany (of a leaf or stem) not divided or branched. ■ (of a lens, microscope, etc.) consisting of a single lens or component. ■ (in English grammar) denoting a tense formed without an auxiliary, for example sang as opposed to was singing. ■ (of interest) payable on the sum loaned only. Compare with compound1. 4. of very low intelligence. ► noun chiefly historical a medicinal herb, or a medicine made from one: the gatherers of simples. simpleness noun. Middle English: from Old French, from Latin simplus. The noun sense (mid 16th cent.) originally referred to a medicine made from one constituent, especially from one plant. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• mathematics maθ(ə)'matɪks •► plural noun •[usu. treated as sing.] the abstract science of number, quantity, and space, either as abstract concepts (pure mathematics), or as applied to other disciplines such as physics and engineering (applied mathematics). •■ [often treated as pl.] the mathematical aspects of something: James immerses himself in the mathematics of baseball. •late 16th cent.: plural of obsolete mathematic ‘mathematics’, from Old French mathematique, from Latin (ars) mathematica ‘mathematical (art)’, from Greek mathēmatikē (tekhnē), from the base of manthanein ‘learn’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• practice 'praktɪs ► noun [mass noun] 1. the actual application or use of an idea, belief, or method, as opposed to theories relating to it: the principles and practice of teaching | the recommendations proved too expensive to put into practice. ■ the carrying out or exercise of a profession, especially that of a doctor or lawyer: he abandoned medical practice for the Church. ■ [count noun] the business or premises of a doctor or lawyer: Dr Apps has a practice in Neasham Road. 2. the customary, habitual, or expected procedure or way of doing of something: product placement is common practice in American movies | [count noun] modern child-rearing practices. ■ an established method of legal procedure. 3. repeated exercise in or performance of an activity or skill so as to acquire or maintain proficiency in it: it must have taken a lot of practice to become so fluent. ■ [count noun] a period of time spent doing this: daily choir practices. ► verb US spelling of practise. in practice 1. in reality (used to refer to what actually happens as opposed to what is meant or believed to happen): in theory this method is ideal-in practice it is unrealistic. 2. currently proficient in a particular activity or skill as a result of repeated exercise or performance of it. out of practice not currently proficient in a particular activity or skill through not having exercised or performed it for some time: he was out of practice at interrogation. practice makes perfect regular exercise of an activity or skill is the way to become proficient in it. late Middle English: from practise, on the pattern of pairs such as advise, advice. Care should be taken with the use of the words practice and practise as there are differences in British and US usage. Practice is the correct spelling for the noun in both British and US English and it is also the spelling of the verb in US English. However, in British English the verb should be spelled practise. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• for fↄ: ► preposition 1. in support of or in favour of (a person or policy): troops who had fought for Napoleon | they voted for independence in a referendum. 2. affecting, with regard to, or in respect of: she is responsible for the efficient running of their department | the demand for money. 3. on behalf of or to the benefit of: I got a present for you | these parents aren't speaking for everyone. ■ employed by: she is a tutor for the Open University. 4. having (the thing mentioned) as a purpose or function: networks for the exchange of information | the necessary tools for making a picture frame. 5. having (the thing mentioned) as a reason or cause: Aileen is proud of her family for their support | I could dance and sing for joy. 6. having (the place mentioned) as a destination: they are leaving for London tomorrow. 7. representing (the thing mentioned): the ‘F’ is for Fascinating. 8. in place of or in exchange for: swap these two bottles for that one. ■ charged as (a price): copies are available for £1.20. 9. in relation to the expected norm of: she was tall for her age | warm weather for the time of year. 10. indicating the length of (a period of time): he was jailed for 12 years | I haven't seen him for some time. 11. indicating the extent of (a distance): he crawled for 300 yards. 12. indicating an occasion in a series: the camcorder failed for the third time. ► conjunction literary because; since: he felt guilty, for he knew that he bore a share of responsibility for Fanny's death. be for it Brit. informal be in imminent danger of punishment or other trouble. do something for one's country or England etc. Brit. informal used to indicate that someone does or can do the specified activity with great enthusiasm or tirelessness: you eating for England, Barry? for Africa S. African informal in huge numbers or quantities; galore: I've got homework for Africa. for all -- see all. for ever see forever. for why informal for what reason: you're going to and I'll tell you for why. oh for -- I long for --: oh for a strong black coffee! there's or that's -- for you used ironically to indicate a particularly poor example of (a quality mentioned): there's gratitude for you. Old English, probably a reduction of a Germanic preposition meaning ‘before’ (in place or time); related to German für, also to fore. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• as1 az, əz ► adverb used in comparisons to refer to the extent or degree of something: go as fast as you can | it tasted like grape juice but not as sweet. ■ used to emphasize an amount: as many as twenty-two rare species may be at risk. ► conjunction 1. used to indicate that something happens during the time when something else is taking place: Frank watched him as he ambled through the crowd | as she grew older, she kept more to herself. 2. used to indicate by comparison the way that something happens or is done: they can do as they wish | she kissed him goodbye, as usual. ■ used to add or interject a comment relating to the statement of a fact: as you can see, I didn't go after all. 3. because; since: I must stop now as I have to go out. 4. even though: sweet as he is, he doesn't pay his bills | try as he might, he failed to pull it off. ► preposition 1. used to refer to the function or character that someone or something has: it came as a shock | she got a job as a cook. 2. during the time of being (the thing specified): he had often been ill as a child. as and when at the time when (used to refer to an uncertain future event): they deal with an issue as and when it rears its head. as for with regard to: as for you, you'd better be quick. as from or of chiefly Brit. used to indicate the time or date from which something starts: as from 1 January, a free market will be created | I'm on the dole as of now. as if or though as would be the case if: she behaved as if he wasn't there. as if! informal I very much doubt it: You know how pools winners always say it won't change their lives? Yeah, as if! as it is in the existing circumstances: I've got enough on my plate as it is. as it were in a way (used to be less precise): areas which have been, as it were, pushed aside. as long as see long1. as much see much. as per see per. as such see such. as to with respect to; concerning: decisions as to which patients receive treatment. as well see well1. as yet •[usu. with negative] until now or a particular time in the past: the damage is as yet undetermined. •Middle English: reduced form of Old English alswā ‘similarly’ (see also). •For a discussion of whether it is correct to say he's not as shy as I rather than he's not as shy as me or I live in the same street as she rather than I live in the same street as her see usage at personal pronoun. •as2 as ► noun (pl. asses) an ancient Roman copper coin. Latin, ‘a unit’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• be bi: •► verb (sing. present am ; are ; is ; pl. present are; 1st and 3rd sing. past was ; 2nd sing. past and pl. past were ; present subjunctive be; past subjunctive were; present participle being; past participle been) 1. (usu. there is/are) exist: there are no easy answers | there once was a man | there must be something wrong | I think, therefore I am. ■ be present: there were no curtains around the showers | are there any castles in this area? 2. [with adverbial] occur; take place: the exhibition will be in November | the opening event is on October 16 | that was before the war. ■ occupy a position in space: Salvation Street was on his left | she was not at the window. ■ stay in the same place or condition: he's a tough customer-customer- let him be. ■ attend: I'm at school doing A levels. ■ come; go; visit: he's from Missouri | I have just been to Thailand | the doctor's been twice today. 3. [as copular verb] having the state, quality, identity, nature, role, etc., specified: Amy was 91 | the floor was uneven | I want to be a teacher | father was not well | it will be Christmas soon | ‘Be careful,’ Mr Carter said. ■ cost: the tickets were £25. ■ amount to: one and one is two. ■ represent: let A be a square matrix of order n. ■ signify: we were everything to each other. ■ consist of; constitute: the monastery was several three-storey buildings. ► auxiliary verb 1. used with a present participle to form continuous tenses: they are coming | he had been reading | she will be waiting. 2. used with a past participle to form the passive voice: it was done | it is said | his book will be published. 3. [with infinitive] used to indicate something that is due or destined to happen: construction is to begin next summer | his mum was never to see him win. ■ used to express obligation or necessity: you are to follow these orders | they said I was to remain on board. ■ used to express possibility: these snakes are to be found in North America | she was nowhere to be seen. ■ used to hypothesize about something that might happen: if I were to lose | if I was to tell you, you'd think I was mad. 4. archaic used with the past participle of intransitive verbs to form perfect tenses: I am returned. as/that was as someone or something was previously called: former Sex Pistol John Lydon (Rotten, as was). the be-all and end-all informal a feature of an activity or a way of life that is of greater importance than any other. be at informal be doing or trying to do: what are you at there? be away dialect leave or set out at once: I'm away to my work. be off [often in imperative] go away; leave: be off with you! be oneself act naturally, according to one's character and instincts. been or been and gone and-- Brit. informal used to express surprise or annoyance at someone's actions: they've been and carted Mum off to hospital. been there, done that see there. be that as it may see may1. be there for be available to support or comfort (someone) while they are experiencing difficulties. not be oneself not feel in one's usual physical or mental state. -to-be [in combination] of the future: my bride-to-be. Old English bēon, an irregular and defective verb, whose full conjugation derives from several originally distinct verbs. The forms am and is are from an Indo-European root shared by Latin sum and est. The forms was and were are from an Indo-European root meaning ‘remain’. The forms be and been are from an Indo-European root shared by Latin fui ‘I was’, fio ‘I become’, and Greek phuein ‘bring forth, cause to grow’. The origin of are is uncertain. For a discussion of whether it is correct to say that must be he at the door and it is I rather than that must be him at the door and it is me, see usage at personal pronoun. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• reality rɪ'alɪti ► noun (pl. realities) [mass noun] 1. the state of things as they actually exist, as opposed to an idealistic or notional idea of them: he refuses to face reality | Laura was losing touch with reality. ■ [count noun] a thing that is actually experienced or seen, especially when this is unpleasant: the harsh realities of life in a farming community. ■ [count noun] a thing that exists in fact, having previously only existed in one's mind: we want to make the dream a reality. ■ the quality of being lifelike: the reality of Marryat's detail. ■ [as modifier] denoting or relating to television programmes based on real people or situations, designed to be entertaining rather than informative: a reality show. 2. the state or quality of having existence or substance: youth, when death has no reality. ■ Philosophy existence that is absolute, self-sufficient, or objective, and not subject to human decisions or conventions. in reality in actual fact (used to contrast a false idea of what is true or possible with one that is more accurate): she had believed she could control these feelings, but in reality that was not so easy. late 15th cent.: via French from medieval Latin realitas, from late Latin realis ‘relating to things’ (see real1). •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• earth ə:θ ► noun 1. also Earth the planet on which we live; the world: the diversity of life on earth. ■ the surface of the world as distinct from the sky or the sea: the pilot brought the plane gently back to earth. ■ the present abode of humankind, as distinct from heaven or hell: God's will be done on earth as it is in heaven. The earth is the third planet from the sun in the solar system, orbiting between Venus and Mars at an average distance of 149.6 million km from the sun, and has one natural satellite, the moon. It has an equatorial diameter of 12,756 km, an average density 5.5 times that of water, and is believed to have formed about 4,600 million years ago. The earth, which is three-quarters covered by oceans and has a dense atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen, is the only planet known to support life. 2. [mass noun] the substance of the land surface; soil: a layer of earth. ■ [count noun] used in names of stable, dense, non-volatile inorganic substances, e.g. fuller's earth. ■ literary the substance of the human body. 3. [mass noun] Brit. electrical connection to the ground, regarded as having zero electrical potential: ensure metal fittings are electrically bonded to earth. 4. the underground lair of a badger or fox. 5. one of the four elements in ancient and medieval philosophy and in astrology (considered essential to the nature of the signs Taurus, Virgo, and Capricorn). ► verb [with obj.] 1. Brit. connect (an electrical device) with the ground: the front metal panels must be soundly earthed. 2. Hunting drive (a fox) to its underground lair. ■ [no obj.] (of a fox) run to its underground lair. 3. (earth something up) cover the root and lower stem of a plant with heaped-up earth. bring or come back down to earth cause to return (or return) to reality after a period of daydreaming or excitement. the earth Brit. a very large amount: her hat cost the earth. the earth moved or did the earth move for you? humorous one had (or did you have?) an orgasm. go to earth (of a hunted animal) hide in an underground burrow. ■ figurative go into hiding: he'd gone to earth after that meeting. like nothing on earth informal very strange: they looked like nothing on earth. on earth used for emphasis, especially in questions and negative statements: who on earth would venture out in weather like this? Old English eorthe, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch aarde and German Erde. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• smart smɑ:t ► adjective 1. (of a person) clean, tidy, and well dressed: you look very smart. ■ (of clothes) attractively neat and stylish: a smart blue skirt. ■ (of an object) bright and fresh in appearance: a smart green van. ■ (of a place) fashionable and upmarket: a smart restaurant. 2. informal having or showing a quick-witted intelligence: if he was that smart he would never have been tricked. ■ (of a device) programmed so as to be capable of independent action: hi-tech smart weapons. ■ chiefly N. Amer. showing impertinence by making clever or sarcastic remarks: don't get smart or I'll whack you one. 3. quick; brisk: he set off at a smart pace. ► verb [no obj.] (of part of the body) feel a sharp, stinging pain: her legs were scratched and smarting | [as adj.] (smarting) Susan rubbed her smarting eyes. ■ feel upset and annoyed: defence chiefs are still smarting from the government's cuts. ► noun 1. [mass noun] sharp stinging pain: the smart of the recent cuts. ■ archaic mental pain or suffering: sorrow is the effect of smart, and smart the effect of faith. 2. (smarts) N. Amer. informal intelligence; acumen: I don't think I have the smarts for it. look smart chiefly Brit. be quick: come up here, and look smart about it! smartingly adverb smartly adverb smartness noun. Old English smeortan (verb), of West Germanic origin; related to German schmerzen; the adjective is related to the verb, the original sense (late Old English) being ‘causing sharp pain’; from this arose ‘keen, brisk’, whence the current senses of ‘mentally sharp’ and ‘neat in a brisk, sharp style’. •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• negative 'nɛgətɪv ► adjective 1. consisting in or characterized by the absence rather than the presence of distinguishing features. ■ expressing or implying denial, disagreement, or refusal: that, I take it, was a negative answer. ■ (of the results of a test or experiment) indicating that a certain substance or condition is not present or does not exist: all the patients have tested negative for TB. ■ [in combination] (of a person or their blood) not having a specified substance or condition: HIV-negative. ■ US informal denoting a complete lack of something: they were described as having negative vulnerability to water entry. ■ Grammar & Logic (of a word, clause, or proposition) stating that something is not the case; expressing negation. Contrasted with affirmative and interrogative. ■ [as exclamation] no (usually used in a military context): ‘Any snags, Captain?’ ‘Negative, she's running like clockwork.’ 2. not desirable or optimistic: the new tax was having a negative effect on car sales | not all the news is negative. ■ denoting decrease or reversal: the industry suffered negative growth in 1992. 3. (of a quantity) less than zero. 4. containing, producing, or denoting the kind of electric charge carried by electrons. 5. (of a photographic image) showing light and shade or colours reversed from those of the original. 6. Astrology relating to or denoting any of the earth or water signs, considered passive in nature. 7. Brit. (in Parliament) relating to or denoting proposed legislation which will come into force after a specified period unless explicitly rejected in a parliamentary vote. ► noun 1. a word or statement that expresses denial, disagreement, or refusal: she replied in the negative. ■ (usu. the negative) a bad or unwelcome quality or aspect of a situation: confidence will not be instilled by harping solely on the negative. ■ Grammar a word, affix, or phrase expressing negation. ■ Logic another term for negation. 2. a negative photographic image made on film or specially prepared glass, from which positive prints may be made. 3. a result of a test or experiment indicating that a certain substance or condition is not present or does not exist: the percentage of false negatives generated by a cancer test was of great concern. 4. [mass noun] the part of an electric circuit that is at a lower electrical potential than another part designated as having zero electrical potential. 5. a number less than zero. ► verb [with obj.] 1. refuse to accept; reject: the bill was negatived on second reading by 130 votes to 129. ■ prove to be untrue: the insurer's main arguments were negatived by Lawrence. 2. render ineffective; neutralize: should criminal law allow consent to negative what would otherwise be a crime? negatively adverb negativeness noun negativity noun. late Middle English: from late Latin negativus, from negare ‘deny’ (see negate). •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.

• colour US color 'kʌlə ► noun 1. [mass noun] the property possessed by an object of producing different sensations on the eye as a result of the way it reflects or emits light: the lights flickered and changed colour. ■ [count noun] one, or any mixture, of the constituents into which light can be separated in a spectrum or rainbow, sometimes including (loosely) black and white: a rich brown colour | a range of bright colours. ■ the use of all colours, not only black and white, in photography or television: he has shot the whole film in colour | [as modifier] colour television. ■ rosiness or redness of the face as an indication of health or of embarrassment, anger, etc.: there was some colour back in his face | colour flooded her skin as she realized what he meant. ■ a substance used to give something a particular colour: lip colour. ■ [count noun] figurative a shade of meaning: many events in her past had taken on a different colour. ■ [count noun] Heraldry any of the major conventional colours used in coats of arms (gules, vert, sable, azure, purpure), especially as opposed to the metals, furs, and stains. ■ [count noun] Snooker any of the balls other than the white cue ball and the reds. 2. [mass noun] pigmentation of the skin, especially as an indication of someone's race: discrimination on the basis of colour. ■ [count noun] a group of people considered as being distinguished by skin pigmentation: all colours and nationalities. 3. [mass noun] vivid appearance resulting from the juxtaposition of many bright things: for colour, plant groups of winter-flowering pansies. ■ features that lend a particularly interesting quality to something: a town full of colour and character. ■ variety of musical tone or expression: orchestral colour. 4. (colours) an item or items of a particular colour worn to identify or distinguish an individual or a member of a group, in particular a jockey or a member of a sports team. ■ also school colours a badge, cap, or other item in the distinctive colours of a particular school, awarded to a pupil selected to represent the school in a sport. ■ chiefly Brit. the flag of a country, or of a regiment or ship. 5. [mass noun] Physics a quantized property of quarks which can take three values (designated blue, green, and red) for each flavour. ► verb 1. [with obj.] change the colour of (something) by painting, dyeing, or shading it: he coloured her hair with a selection of blonde and brown shades. ■ [no obj.] take on a different colour: the foliage will not colour well if the soil is too rich. ■ fill (a shape or outline) with colour: he hated finger-painting and colouring in pictures. ■ figurative make vivid or picturesque: he has coloured the dance with gestures from cabaret and vaudeville. 2. [no obj.] (of a person or their skin) show embarrassment or shame by becoming red; blush: she coloured slightly. ■ [with obj.] cause (a person's skin) to change in colour: rage coloured his pale complexion. ■ [with obj.] (of an emotion) imbue (a person's voice) with a particular tone: surprise coloured her voice. 3. [with obj.] influence, especially in a negative way; distort: the experiences had coloured her whole existence. ■ misrepresent by distortion or exaggeration: witnesses might colour evidence to make a story saleable. lend or give colour to make something seem true or probable: this lent colour and credibility to his defence. show one's true colours reveal one's real character or intentions, especially when these are disreputable or dishonourable. under colour of under the pretext of. with flying colours see flying. Middle English: from Old French colour (noun), colourer (verb), from Latin color (noun), colorare (verb). •Oxford Dictionary of English (2nd Edition revised) © Oxford University Press 2005 All rights reserved.