2024 marks the 50th anniversary of the Cyprus conflict, which began in 1974. The conflict escalated when Greek Cypriot nationalists, supported by the Greek military junta, executed a coup d'état aimed at unifying Cyprus with Greece, known as enosis. In response to this coup, Turkey launched a military intervention, citing its role as a guarantor under the 1960 Treaty and expressing concerns for the safety of Turkish Cypriots.
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The Turkish military operation consisted of two phases. The first phase, in July 1974, involved an amphibious landing on the north coast, supported by airborne troops inland. This operation established a Turkish-controlled zone in the northern part of the island. Aft...