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How Saliva is Produced and Modulated Salivary functions (and dysfunction) Salivary secretory unit Basal (resting) and stimulated Salivary flow Changes in salivary secretory rate and composition in response to diet Parasympathetic and Sympathetic Salivary innervations Saliva reflexive secretion triggered by periodontal receptors Physiological causes of Hypersalivation Reduced salivary flow Age-d...

Bialateral Parotomegaly Functional Salivary gland disorder Disorder in Synthesis, secretion or exocytosis of Salivary enzymes Autonomic nervous peripheral derangement

MCQ Persistent and Intractable Hiccups (Hiccough) Part 2 50 EBM statements .true or False Phylogenetic origin, Epidemiology, classification, The Hiccup reflex arc, Pathophysiology, Hiccup common Causes, Investigations, home remedies, Non-pharmacological Second-line techniques, Gastric medications, GABA agonists, Dopamine antagonists, Calcium channel blockers and other medications. Acupuncture, ...

Persistent and Intractable Hiccups (Hiccough) Part 1 For ENT Trainees and Students Phylogenetic origin, Epidemiology, classification, The Hiccup reflex arc, Pathophysiology, Hiccup common Causes, Investigations, home remedies, Non-pharmacological Second-line techniques, Gastric medications, GABA agonists, Dopamine antagonists, Calcium channel blockers and other medications. Acupuncture, stellat...

Sialorrhea, Drooling, Hypersalivation, 40 essential facts; True or False Anterior and posterior drooling, Acute and Chronic Sialorrhea, Salivary Neural pathways, Physiological causes of Hypersalivation, Quantification of Drooling, Modified Teacher's Drooling Scale (mTDS), Drooling Rating Scale, Management of drooling, oral-motor exercises, Drooling appliances, Anticholinergic medications, Botul...

Sialorrhea, Drooling, Hypersalivation, Anterior and posterior drooling, Acute and Chronic Sialorrhea, Salivary Neural pathways, Physiological causes of Hypersalivation, Quantification of Drooling, Modified Teacher's Drooling Scale (mTDS), Drooling Rating Scale, Management of drooling, oral-motor exercises, Drooling appliances, Anticholinergic medications, Botulinum toxin injections, Salivary Gl...

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux, ENT Trainees and students, Part 2: MCQ and OSCE, Normal Gastroesophageal reflux, The pathogenesis of GORD, Diagnosis of LPR, Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Reflux Finding Score (RFS), 24 hrs. ph Monitoring, Day time Acid reflux, Pharyngo-Oesophageal Impedance, Oropharyngeal pH-testing in LPR, Horvath Scoring Index, Diet and Lifestyle modifications in LPR, PPls dose and du...

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux, ENT Trainees and Students (Part 1) Normal Gastroesophageal reflux, The pathogenesis of GORD, Investigations and Diagnosis of LPR, Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Reflux Finding Score (RFS), 24 hrs. ph Monitoring: Day time Acid reflux, Pharyngo-Oesophageal Impedance, Oropharyngeal pH-testing in LPR, Horvath Scoring Index, Diet and Lifestyle modifications in LPR, PPls dose a...

Globus Pharyngeus for ENT trainees and Students (Part 2 MCQ) Globus sensation in Several disorders, Epidemiology, Glasgow Edinburgh throat scale (GETS), Pathogenesis, Globus Hystericus? UADT Occult malignancy, Red flags, Investigations, Prognosis and natural history, Management plan and follow up.

Globus Pharyngeus for ENT trainees and Students (Part1 Lecture) (Part 2 MCQ) Globus sensation in Several disorders, Epidemiology, Glasgow Edinburgh throat scale (GETS), Pathogenesis, Globus Hystericus? UADT Occult malignancy, Red flags, Investigations, Prognosis and natural history, Management plan and follow up.

EBM in Sore Throat: Who needs Investigations? when symptoms are severe persist despite adequate management. No improvement 10 - 14 days Getting worse Systemic complications Suspicion of rheumatic fever Identifying GABHS is not the only clinical necessity. When things go wrong: Infectious mononucleosis Scarlet fever Lemierre’s syndrome Vincent’s Angina

Recurrent Sore Throats: Who needs the Tonsillectomy? There remains some ambiguity in Risk stratifying Tonsillectomy patients We are good at identifying true negatives when episodes are very few True-ve) And true positive cases with current Paradise criteria But with Low / Moderate sensitivity: will miss some GABHS pharyngitis cases( false -ve) High Specificity: less likely to label as GABHS wit...

Part 1 Halitosis (Bad Breath) What are the Causes? Volatile sulphur compounds contributing to Halitosis Physiological Halitosis Transient halitosis Subjective or Delusional Halitosis Intra-oral halitosis Extra-oral halitosis Risk factors for halitosis Organisms in Tongue coating and Periodontitis Pathological halitosis: systemic and Hormonal causes Medications causing halitosis

Which Tonsillectomy technique? What is the evidence that any technique is any better? Cold Steel, Coblation, Diathermy, Ultrasonic scalpel, Laser, validated pain scale at postoperative days 1, 3 and 7 intraoperative blood loss, primary postoperative bleeding secondary postoperative bleeding time until resumption of normal diet, time until resumption of normal activity, duration of surgery adver...

Sore Throat Scarlet fever Re emergence

Sore Throat Beware of Infectious Mononucleosis Glandular fever

EBM in Peritonsillar Abscess Quinsy

Does Tonsillectomt increase or decrease Deep Neck infections?

Should Corticosteroids be considered for Acute Sore throat?

Sore Throat Clinical scoring: Who needs the Antibiotics?

Which Antibiotic for Sore Throat?

(III) Chronic Oral Ulcers

Vertical Hemi Laryngectomy

(II) Recurrent Oral Ulcers

(I) Acute Oral Ulcers

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Management of Non responders

Laryngopharyngeal reflux Why PPI are NOT always Indicated

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: How to Justify the Diagnosis

Laryngopharyngeal Reflux : Interpreting pH Impedance monitoring