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scholarly. trying to understand our place in time; will revisit this piece to deepen that understanding. great vid.

There are a few webpages about the Kentland Crater that have close-up photographs of the layers. Some have folding where they ran up against a harder layer. Those small rocks behind the big display rock are free souvenirs set out by the quarry operators. I was in high school up north in Hammond when geologists declared that was a meteor rebound dome. Many of us had looked inside the quarry before to view the odd layers of verticle rocks so weren't surprised. We were when the geologists said the dome had lost over 900 feet in height due to erosion and glaciers.

I never knew there were so many Montreal Rivers. Did our ancestors run out of names? I usually hike to the Montreal River in the tip of the Keweenaw, but I also love canoeing the one near Wawa, Ontario.

Thanks Steve, good old school field study 👍

Can see why you'd be upset that your outcrop is covered. Having said that I have planted thousands of trees on our farm in Straya:)) No outcrops though.🌳 Interesting video. Thanks

Neat! :) keep on rockin ^^

Also good to see a phanerozic video😅 for a change

Is there any update on baraboo video thanks for great videos

The sound of them all is incredible! It's intense but doesn't seem overwhelming on film. Was it soothing or too loud in person?

Yeah, even as a non-geologist with a mild interest in the field I could tell there was a lot of sus stuff. I was peeved not only by the sloppy geology but the conclusions drawn about how a technological civilization would affect it; there are plenty of ways humans have altered the geology of earth hat will not vanish from the record for any forseeable timescale of Earth's existence.

I didnt understand.. so what is the Definition of the runnaway effect? We dont have to worry of that happening on Earth? Thanks for the video

„… I know it can be boring.” Bull….t. It’s fascinating!

07:03 Awesome animation!

I know that subduction is really important for strictly defining plate Techtonics, but I think some of the events from the order of billions of years, that allowed for large chunks to stay afloat are pretty important. I’m no geologist, I’d say enthusiast. I’m thinking there was some sorting process that allowed the separation of lighter elements from the heavier ones, making the chemistry that lead to granitic rocks, and with those floating chunks, they were able to grow. That said I enjoyed your presentation. You have a nice way of presenting that makes this stuff accessible to us regular folk. Cheers

The earth is so huge we can't do the math. Lol

The funny thing is, people say life isn't fair, yet at the same time people shove this karma bullshit down your throat

I'm a retired geologist with great interest in the UP. I will likely purchase your book as I find this video just short of maddening. Too much jumping around to make much sense of what you are presenting. Please find a larger cursor that is visible on the screen. The one you're using is virtually invisible though I sat close to the screen.

Super yooper! Love the shirt and Thank you for the lesson on runaway greenhouse effect

im starting to believe its bs

Thanks for your videos, they are very informative. One thing I do not understand though is how the parabolic recumbent folds were made in the sandstone, have searched the literature but cannot see any other process except water that could produce such folds. Any light you could shed would be greatly appreciated! I am now off to the beach to try to replicate clawprints in different kinds of sands. Your vids have helped provide alternative explanations to the film in question, it's really helpful. There are however a few more things that I would like to pick your brains about if you would be so kind. Thanks again

You cannot have a 'runaway' effect if the situation started out that way. Venus hasnot run anywhere, is your message, if I have understood.

I was really struggling to plot this. Thank you so much🙏🏽💯

Interesting factoid, Earth's original atmosphere likely blew away when it got hit and formed the Moon. Our planet may be on its 2nd or 3rd atmosphere, considering all the changes over the giga-years.

Correction, Oxygen is about 30%, not 50% as shown. Ditto iron about 30%. This was around 12 mins into the video.

more doom and gloom nonsense.

Its been a long time. How you are doing well.

Want to sell RUclips account

Good follow up video glad to see the situation with Venus be addressed one name I have seen for describing the more localized regional domain of Venusian tectonics is chunktonics as they argued the smaller more localized behavior of tectonics is more analogous to pack ice on a body of water. That work mainly focused on the open lowlands of Venus rather than its more complex terrains nothing signs of what might be transtension and transpression along the edges of relatively undeformed chunks of crust I'm mixed on that opinion but it seems that while the literature has moved on from the cyclic cataclysmic stagnant lid idea it has sadly persisted as a zombie in science communication circles. I should note that while Venus has no water Ocean the lower atmosphere of Venus is in a supercritical state due to the high pressures and temperatures which gives it properties of both liquids and gases with at least some evidence suggesting that there are distinct carbon dioxide nitrogen mixing ratios between the two layers so in some sense you can argue that Venus has an ocean of carbon dioxide. As for the future of plate tectonics I feel it should be noted that Mars even in its clearly tectonically waning state appears to still have "active hot spots which can at least on occasion erupt onto the surface. Granted the youngest example appears to be roughly the same approximate age as a nearby impact crater suggesting the melt had help reaching the pressures needed to breach the surface but there were at least some weak quakes deep down which have been interpreted as possibly being magmatic fluids moving far below the surface. Granted Mars is a puny world so it probably didn't have a plate tectonic like cycling but evidence for hotspot like location specific prolonged volcanic activity has been shown to hold for the Moon and appears to hold in the case of both Mercury and Mars given limited data we have there. Insight was nice but it was a single seismometer and operated for a limited time before the Martian dust accumulation killed it. A network of radiogenic detectors across the surface of Mars would be nice. Not going to happen so long as the whole neoliberal political ideology on spending money for science persists but we can dream right? For Venus Silicon Carbide semiconductors and to a lesser extent Gallium nitride (I think it involves Gallium I know but I forget what exactly its mixed with) seem to be a promising possibility for enabling electronics t9o function at Venusian temperatures and pressures with in combination with clockwork mechanisms for functions which don't need electronics might finally open up a possibility to get some actual ground measurement data. The tricky part there is powering any lander and or rover with the best option due to the thick reflective clouds reflecting away most incoming sunlight likely being wind power. Venus has slow wind speeds but because of the density of supercritical fluids near the surface they are carrying lots of momentum. As for Earth tectonics The article on "Buoyant hydrous mantle plume from the mantle transition zone focused on the study of buoyant hydrous upwelling seems to be quite relevant and informative in the onset of more dynamics plate tectonics. This is specifically in regards to its thermodynamics and the type of volcanism associated with these fairly rare and geochemically distinct volcanoes which appear be a close match for the large continental flood basalt eruptions associated with the break ups and failed break ups of supercontinents. Kuritani, T., Xia, QK., Kimura, JI. et al. Buoyant hydrous mantle plume from the mantle transition zone. Sci Rep 9, 6549 (2019). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-43103-y The close match in magma chemistry particularly rich in phosphorus and other sediment derived volatile elements along with the clear seismic tomographic data showing that the modern example of Mt. Paektu clearly resides beneath the stagnant Pacific Slab suggests that these compositionally distinct kinds of magmas are derived from the recrystallizing slabs expelling incompatible elements from their structure and enriching the overlying mantle in compositionally lighter elements until a critical threshold is reached where the compositionally lighter material begins to ascend towards the surface decompressing as it does so. It is striking that the timescale given for the onset of true plate tectonics in your model lines up within a hundred million years of the simple thermodynamics model on when the corresponding chemical phase transitions needed to initiate hydrous compositional upwelling became thermodynamically possible as the reaction becomes more efficient at lower temperatures. Here the MTZ or mantle transition zone is the layer where the temperature and pressure are optimal for this process to occur which has been getting deeper over time as a consequence of the continued cooling of the mantle. Given this evidence it seems like it is likely quite important for the story of modern plate tectonics both in its onset as well as its continued evolution with some lines of evidence which while quite crude and limited in the amount of available data suggest that the average rate of motion of tectonic plate movements has been speeding up over the last billion years. If true this might indicate that there will/would be an optimum rate of tectonic movement enabled by the ongoing mineral hydration process of Earth's mantle and the slowing of the more general deep mantle convection. At least the Seismic tomography seems to support the existence of slab pull fed deep convection with some shallower compositional upwelling processes which seems important to starting the break up of supercontinents at the very least.

Hey Steve, awesome video. As a hobbyist it can be difficult to find solid info on this stuff. Thank you. On a side note; I've been working in a 3000 acre sugar bush just inland from Harmony beach Ontario and I have been finding a bunch of Paleo Proterozoic rocks that are usually found east of Sault Ste Marie. I would love to have a chat with you some day about my findings.

Amazing. The graphics alone are enough to tell you that something very odd is happening. Where did she get them? Unfortunately, many people will be impressed by the sciencey word salad, and think that she is onto a new and exciting idea.

Question. If the source of plate movement is plates being pulled at subduction zones as plates sink then how do you explain movement of plates that don't sink? For instance the north American plate is moving westward but the plate isn't sinking at a subduction zone.

Holy Koolaid brought me here I am very curious 🎉🎉

Yes please. Awesome. I want to learn about this world.

You have a good day, and best wishes.

Thanks for the maintenance and the update.

Good

Quite Interesting Steven👍 31 Gary

Snelling is undoubtedly lying. He says things that are too obviously wrong, like that fossils on mountain tops demonstrates a global flood. He has the education to know that that sediment must have been deposited flat and then uplifted.

A petrified tree couldn’t become stone? Gee, I thought such was the process of fossilization. I get angry when Euro-Americans insult NA lore by dismissing it out of hand. After watching Skinwalker Ranch, if you don’t learn to respect NA stories, I don’t know what to say.

I found the documentary seriously credible-some truly great scientists in the documentary and not the usual millions of years myths-was so refreshing to watch

My grandma wasn't a bad person and yet, she got to see four of her children dying. People who believe in karma are ignorant or mean because even if there is past live karma, it's something evil that doesn't leave one alone.

Hi Steve happy to see you well, fun video 38 Gary

Hi Steve happy to see you well, good video 17 Gary

Hey Steve. I don’t know if you you accept audience request but there is one topic that I would like to see you cover. Why do supercontinents (apparently) eventually separate? Why isn’t the combined continental crust a stable state? Plate tectonics could theoretically continue on like this with subduction zones surrounding the supercontinent. But apparently something seems to eventually cause the formation of intercontinental rifting zones. Why? I have seen some proposed explanations which says that, when all land masses are combined, either one or a combination of two things can happen. (1) the oceanic crust that surrounds the supercontinent becomes too old and it tries to subduct faster causing slab roll back that pulls the continents apart. (2) a large supercontinent has an insulating effect on the mantle. Heat can escape from the mantle more efficiently on the oceanic side where spreading zones still occur, but not underneath the continent. This makes the mantle relatively hotter and more buoyant, which initiate upwellings that cause melting leading to rifts, magmatic provinces like CAMP and is perhaps also the reason for flood basalts like the Siberian traps.

Lol i haven’t been here in like 6 years when this video came out. Need to go back

Hi just found you via GEO-GIRL's colab video with you. Interesting perspective from a structural geologist on these processes and the important ever evolving arguments over geological narratives. So you talked about how most mantle upwelling zones are shallow but what are your thoughts regarding the apparent depth of the seismic tomographic low sheer velocity zone features beneath the East Pacific Rise which linearly follow the overlying ridge structure of the fast spreading ridge? Noting there is some evidence based on igneous petrology of Siletzia to link the Yellowstone hotspot prior to collision with North America of having been ridge aligned or adjacent is this possibly a remnant process of earlier stages of Earth's tectonics? The seismic tomographic work from Sigloch and others is quite fascinating and building up a picture where plate recycling is a generally quite deep process with subducted slabs undergoing chemical/crystalline transformations on their way down to the core mantle boundary which can as in the case of mount Paektu fueled by deep hydrous upwelling from the stagnant Pacific slab which appears to be undergoing recrystallization at or around the mantle Transition zone. I also can't help but wonder is other intraplate volcanism phenomenon like Lamproite and Kimberlite pipes might be driven by subduction recycling given the positions of underlying slabs in the mantle for more recent such volcanic pipes with regards to both Africa and North America. Also there was a paper I came across earlier this year which disgust evidence that suggests that the deep mantle hot spots appear to move towards mid ocean ridges which does suggests something intermediate between the two regimes. At the very least both the East Pacific Rise and to a lesser extent the Mid Atlantic Ridge appear to have some deeper upwelling structure going on with evidence for multiple plume signatures along their extents. There is also the curious case of the Galapagos hotspot which during its major flood basalt eruptive phase in the late Cretaceous ~90 Ma appears to have produced Komatiite lavas a type of lava otherwise generally found deep in Earth's geological past at or around the Archean, which seems to be a pretty strong sign of evidence that pre plate tectonic processes are still occurring. Its these unresolved questions which are particularly interesting like you I suspect there was no one this is when plate tectonics began moments rather a more gradual transition which my still be in progress.

I am pretty sure the nervous, sweet lady mixed up 27 with 23, the tilt of the Earth's axis, which she did understand was referenced to the ecliptic. She mixed up the words and concepts mantle and magma. People are naturally inclined to believe that thousands of miles of solid plate is not going to slide over solid rock beneath without some lube like magma. I have not seen a geology video where they think it requires any explanation, possibly because they don't know of any. The l8 layers might possibly be from geologic ages represented in strata and she counted up the names from some geology diagram in a book. Euler point looks like an applied theorem of topology. In a continuously deformed region there will always be at least one point that has not moved. But as the region is being deformed, the point will not always be the same. It moves. You could approximate a plate as continuously deformable. But I'm pretty sure rotation is determined by magnetic alignment in rocks.

I’m 6 years late but I still want to say that I appreciate this video.✨