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Yes, you're right! Good catch. Thanks for pointing out my mistake.

The work done per cycle is determined by the area of the loop in the PV-diagram. Roughly speaking, with no friction applied to the flywheel, the change in volume is about 0.5 cm^3 and the change in pressure is about 1.2 kPa. Therefore, the area/work is approximately W = 0.6 mJ. In reality, the work is a little less because the PV-diagram is not rectangular. The power output is given my P = W/T, where T is the period of cycle. Without friction, the period is approximately T = 0.2 s such that the power output is about 3 mW = 4 micro-horsepower! When friction is applied, the work per cycle increases and the power output decreases. The power decreases because the period of the cycle increases more than the work per cycle.

you explained it in the part of the video i skipped over, sorry

It's in the description.

Yes, the uncertainty in the measured period decreases as one over the square root of the number of trials.

Yes, that is correct. The pressure sensor measures the difference between the pressure outside the engine (atmospheric pressure) and the pressure of the gas inside the engine, which can be greater than or less than atmospheric pressure.

@@jakebobowski3165 Thank you. Is there any possible way to also take temperature readings? It is difficult to understand how, in an enclosed heated space containing an expanding hot gas, the internal pressure can drop below the outside atmospheric pressure, unless there is a concomitant drop in temperature. But is there any thermocouple, or other instrument, with a fast enough response time to measure the actual gas temperature in real time?

@@peoplesresearchcenter6184 It's probably difficult to get a direct measurement of the gas temperature. However, you could deduce what it must be using the ideal gas law and knowledge of the instantaneous pressure and volume (PV = nRT). You would have to estimate the number of moles of gas contained inside the engine using the internal volume and the density of the air.

Closely matched to the inner diameter of the tube (given in the description). It's a close fit while still being able to slide smoothly.

No worries! There are more related videos here: ruclips.net/p/PLfhjdV-pwMOb7HIHkZi2OqyXWk0ulCPWu The videos related to statistical mechanics start at w8l3 and end at w10l1 in which low- and high-temperature approximations of the grand potential are discussed.

Good question. Those plots were made by setting ml^2/(keQq)) = 1 meter for all of the curves. The only difference between each of the lines is the value of theta_0 chosen. However, the angular momentum per unit mass l is equal to v_0 times b where v_0 is the initial speed of the alpha particle and b is the impact parameter. For the red curve b is large therefore, to maintain a constant value of l, the particle's initial speed is small. For the cyan curve, the opposite is true. The impact factor is small, therefore v_0 is large. The differences in initial speed have a large effect on the shapes of the curves.

Thanks! I like it too.

The best out of any of my professors!

Thanks for the encouraging words! I'm now a "RUclipsr" out of pure necessity.