00:00 Introduction
00:39 Why metals?
01:44 Challenges and opportunities
02:20 Cost and scarcity
02:59 Metal reserves
03:38 Demand estimates
04:35 Carbon emissions
05:09 Green technologies
05:36 Recycling and substitution
06:08 Innovations
07:00 Takeaways
Finite or scarce metal supplies, rising demand, declining ore grades, and prospects of creating a climate-friendly metallurgical industry pose both a challenge and an opportunity to revitalize metals production through sustainable technology, innovations, and informed public policies. The rapid rise in metal consumption, faster than the population growth, challenges both the supply-demand balance and international environmental goals. Depletion of g...