Kenjute International
Kenjute International
  • Видео 48
  • Просмотров 43 347
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute – Joe Foster) Video#10: Meaning Behind The Kenjute Logo
Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #10 examines the history and meaning behind the Kenjute Logo. Yes these videos are longer but worth viewing. Check out our RUclips Channel at: kenjuteinternational3940. For more details about the advanced martial art of Kenjute go to: www.kenjuteinternational.com
Просмотров: 124

Видео

Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#9: 2005 - 2019
Просмотров 12114 дней назад
Elements of Kenjute began to emerge in the mid-1980’s and has been developing ever since. Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #8 examines the years 2005 - 2019. Yes these videos are longer but worth viewing. Check out our RUclips Cha...
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#8: 1995 - 2004
Просмотров 28928 дней назад
Elements of Kenjute began to emerge in the mid-1980’s and has been developing ever since. Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #8 examines the years 1995 - 2004. Yes these videos are longer but worth viewing. For more Kenjute videos, ...
Defend Against A Front Grab (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 3573 месяца назад
Here are two examples of how to defend against a guy who grabs you and “gets in your face”. This video is provided as a courtesy from Kenjute International's "Online Belt Learning Program". For more Kenjute videos, please visit our Kenjute International RUclips Channel (kenjuteinternational3940). For more details about the advanced martial art of Kenjute go to: www.kenjuteinternational.com
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#7: Sport Element Of Kenjute
Просмотров 9083 месяца назад
Elements of Kenjute began to emerge in the mid-1980’s and has been developing ever since. Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #7 examines the evolving sport element of Kenjute (Sparring & Forms). (Check out Andre Sac's Grand Champion...
11 "Short Staff" Self-Defences (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 1713 месяца назад
This video teaches and demonstrates 11 self-defence techniques against various attacks using a short staff (aka "Riot Stick). Intelligent, comprehensive, and effective, these self-defence techniques can be altered depending on the fluidity of the situation. They can also be inter-changed with everyday items like a golf club, baseball bat, long umbrella, cane, and/or walking stick. The informati...
3 Self-Defences Against A Front Kick (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 2674 месяца назад
Here are three examples of how to defend against a front kick - (One quick beginner move; one controlled response; and one for more serious situations). This video is provided as a courtesy from Kenjute International's "Online Belt Learning Program". For more Kenjute videos, please visit our Kenjute International RUclips Channel (kenjuteinternational3940). For more details about the advanced ma...
9 Quick Ground Escapes For Street Self-Defence (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 4984 месяца назад
Fighting from the ground should NEVER be your first choice; but sometimes you end up there in a real fight. Here are some “quick ground escapes” for nine different situations - counters for a double leg shoot, falling down, headlock, arm bar, mounted choke, hands pinned, mounted face-down, on your knee, and guarding against a kick or punch while on the ground. The video footage is courtesy of K...
2 Self-Defences For A Rear Double Shoulder Grab (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 2794 месяца назад
Here are two examples of how to deal with a rear double shoulder grab when defending yourself: One for a mid-level threat; and the other for a high-level threat. This video is provided as a courtesy of Kenjute International's "Online Belt Learning Program". For more Kenjute videos, please visit our Kenjute International RUclips Channel (kenjuteinternational3940). For more details about the adva...
9 Different Types Of Elbow Strikes For Self-Defences (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 4205 месяцев назад
Here are nine different types of elbow strikes that can be applied in combat. Be sure to watch to the end of the video to see more than thirty self-defences using these different elbow strike applications. The techniques include self-defences against punches, wrist/arm grabs, bear hugs, full nelson, kicks, pushes, chokes, tackles, club disarms, knife disarms, and gun disarms. The video footage ...
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#5: 2000 Promo
Просмотров 5665 месяцев назад
Elements of Kenjute began to emerge in the mid-1980’s and has been developing ever since. Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #5 shares a promotional video from the year 2000. Yes these videos are longer but worth viewing. Check out ...
Self-Defence For A Kick / Punch Combination (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 3625 месяцев назад
Here is a beginner’s self-defence to defend against an attacker kicking at you followed by a punch. This video is provided as a courtesy of Kenjute International's "Online Belt Learning Program". Check out our RUclips Channel at: kenjuteinternational3940.For more details about the advanced martial art of Kenjute go to: www.kenjuteinternational.com
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video #4:1991 - 1994
Просмотров 3575 месяцев назад
Elements of Kenjute began to emerge in the mid-1980’s and has been developing ever since. Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #4 examines the years 1991 to 1994; a very busy time for development and international self-defence teachin...
2 Staff Self-Defences (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 3846 месяцев назад
Here are 2 Staff Self-Defences courtesy of Kenjute International's "Online Belt Learning Program". For more Kenjute videos, please visit our Kenjute International RUclips Channel (kenjuteinternational3940). For more details about the advanced martial art of Kenjute go to: www.kenjuteinternational.com
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#3: 1970's To 1990
Просмотров 1,1 тыс.6 месяцев назад
Elements of Kenjute began to emerge in the mid-1980’s and has been developing ever since. Kenjute International’s “Blast From The Past” video series (10 videos - 1970’s to 2020) examines, through old video footage and pictures, the history and evolution of this advanced martial art. Video #3 - Examines the 1970's to 1990. Yes these videos are longer but worth viewing. Check out our RUclips Chan...
3 Self-Defences For A Side Headlock (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 3266 месяцев назад
3 Self-Defences For A Side Headlock (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Making Self-Defences Work Better For You (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 4336 месяцев назад
Making Self-Defences Work Better For You (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#2:2002 Promo
Просмотров 9576 месяцев назад
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#2:2002 Promo
Self-Defence For A Backswing Knife (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 2486 месяцев назад
Self-Defence For A Backswing Knife (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Self-Defence For A Rear Belt Grab (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 1,7 тыс.6 месяцев назад
Self-Defence For A Rear Belt Grab (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#1:1992 Promo
Просмотров 3,3 тыс.6 месяцев назад
Martial Art History & Evolution of (Kenjute - Joe Foster) Video#1:1992 Promo
Building Effective Self-Defences With "Sequential Flow" (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 2,6 тыс.6 месяцев назад
Building Effective Self-Defences With "Sequential Flow" (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Stick Thrust Disarm (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 7326 месяцев назад
Stick Thrust Disarm (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Effective Self-Defence Examples To Match Threat Level (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 6242 года назад
Effective Self-Defence Examples To Match Threat Level (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Two Defences For A Wrist Grab (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 3192 года назад
Two Defences For A Wrist Grab (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
What Is Kenjute ? (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 1,6 тыс.2 года назад
What Is Kenjute ? (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Hand-Held Weapons Self-Defence Samples (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 1802 года назад
Hand-Held Weapons Self-Defence Samples (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Sparring (Freestyle) Samples (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 1792 года назад
Sparring (Freestyle) Samples (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
"Kata" (Forms) Samples (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 2092 года назад
"Kata" (Forms) Samples (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Self-Defence Samples From (Kenjute - Joe Foster)
Просмотров 3082 года назад
Self-Defence Samples From (Kenjute - Joe Foster)

Комментарии

  • @ValleyDragon
    @ValleyDragon 8 дней назад

    Very intriguing. I have a theory that JuJutsu and Karate and Kenpo have been influencing each other for centuries.

  • @roadman_hanzi
    @roadman_hanzi 12 дней назад

    I honestly enjoyed this video ^^

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 14 дней назад

    Awesome video, very interesting! 😮👊👍🏻

  • @jjenner2452
    @jjenner2452 18 дней назад

    Wow that takes me back. I even found myself in that old 1984 photo! Oh.. and don't forget those karate camps at Fanshawe. I still have a bunch of photos from those days as well.

  • @mirko9967
    @mirko9967 24 дня назад

    the kanzen videos are still available?

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 24 дня назад

      No. But the later and more advanced version of this information can be found in the Kenjute belt videos on the Kenjute International website: www.kenjuteinternational.com

  • @martialculturalpreservation
    @martialculturalpreservation 28 дней назад

    I like the rolling and ground kicking at 3:18

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 29 дней назад

    Awesome video, really enjoyed learning about the evolution of the art as well as the past and experience of the founder” keep them coming 😀

  • @eliotquintana9802
    @eliotquintana9802 Месяц назад

    I practice get better be strong inside martial arts

  • @eliotquintana9802
    @eliotquintana9802 Месяц назад

    Knife fight with fight back

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 Месяц назад

      Best defence against a knife is to run but if you can't, be quick and direct to secure the weapon.

  • @eliotquintana9802
    @eliotquintana9802 Месяц назад

    Grab assault from rear be quick

  • @martialculturalpreservation
    @martialculturalpreservation Месяц назад

    Those beginner student breakfalls look painful

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 Месяц назад

      It's always interesting to watch beginners struggle with skills. But with enough practice, they eventually get it.

  • @martialculturalpreservation
    @martialculturalpreservation Месяц назад

    so much more functional than a 6 foot staff

  • @Crystals10000
    @Crystals10000 Месяц назад

    Looks like fun

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 Месяц назад

      Yes it is...and educational too! Thanks for your comment.

    • @Crystals10000
      @Crystals10000 Месяц назад

      @@kenjuteinternational3940 Np, cant wait to come check it out

  • @livesjuris3032
    @livesjuris3032 2 месяца назад

    nice skills

  • @longliveavalon
    @longliveavalon 2 месяца назад

    👏🏻👏🏻👏🏻

  • @Herowebcomics
    @Herowebcomics 2 месяца назад

    Wow! It looks very Kempo! And that is awesome! 😎

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 2 месяца назад

      The Founder of Kenjute is Joe Foster. He was a personal student of Ed Parker and was his representative for Canada. Thus, there is definitely a Kenpo influence in Kenjute. Kenjute also applies many fighting principles from other martial arts too - the goal of which is to expose students to a broad-based martial arts education. Kenjute has its own curriculum. To view this go to www.kenjuteinternational.com Thanks for your comment.

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 3 месяца назад

    Awesome video!! 🫸🏻🤛

  • @DragonArts-ArtesMarciais
    @DragonArts-ArtesMarciais 3 месяца назад

    Show 🔥 Sucess

  • @kathrynpearse3245
    @kathrynpearse3245 3 месяца назад

    Fantastic...

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 3 месяца назад

    Awesome video , very interesting to see how kenjute has evolved over the years! 😀 🫸🏻🤛

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 3 месяца назад

    Great video, keep Them coming!! 🔥 🫸🏻🤛

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 4 месяца назад

    Awesome video, well explained and very informative and helpful!

  • @TherealBigblue22
    @TherealBigblue22 4 месяца назад

    See this works in a world were people all know martial arts and know how to “fight”. An as far as someone knowing martial arts it’s never going to work because a opponent will never intentionally choreograph an attack it’s about baiting a response to counter or play mind games and that if the two people are fighting fair with rules of engagement. For a street fight you gonna get licked once or twice but likely won’t do much damage, all that said the rope is an effective weapons but in a real scenario you can rely on the steps this guy teaches you have to improvise with the tools you have and react almost instinctively if you hesitate or think about what your supposed to do you’ll be in a corner getting the tar beat out of you

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 4 месяца назад

      The rope techniques shown in this video are to present "ideas" people can apply. You are correct that situations are fluid and ever-changing in a conflict. Thus, a student must be prepared to be flexible and alter how they deliver their skills. Thank you for your comment. It is appreciated.

  • @eliotquintana9802
    @eliotquintana9802 4 месяца назад

    Stop attacker strike punch defense hit balls

  • @Menyhard
    @Menyhard 4 месяца назад

    Nice sir

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 4 месяца назад

      Be sure to check out the "Part 2" video for more info. Thanks for your comment.

  • @daneck100
    @daneck100 4 месяца назад

    Good video, thank you 👍

  • @Bob-ip4lw
    @Bob-ip4lw 4 месяца назад

    Great video, very informative! 😊

  • @wesallstar9273
    @wesallstar9273 5 месяцев назад

    This is like American kenpo with a more modern inclusion of the weapons and tactics 🔥🔥🔥🔥

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 5 месяцев назад

      You are partially correct. Joe Foster was a personal student of Ed Parker and his representative for Canada when he was alive. After Ed Parker's death, Joe Foster was the IKKA Canadian Regional Director for many years. Kenjute does apply many American Kenpo self-defence concepts and principles in its striking techniques - although Kenjute's striking self-defences are different. Also different from American Kenpo: Kenjute also teaches "manipulation" self-defences including ground skills (great for security and police work); many different hand-held weapons; different types of sparring; and different forms. Thanks for your comment.

  • @charlesreed5839
    @charlesreed5839 5 месяцев назад

    That flaming stick work is like fire bending!

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 5 месяцев назад

      We apply our double-stick self-defence techniques in a form (kata) using fire for interest and a challenge. Thanks for your comment.

  • @Studioinsession
    @Studioinsession 5 месяцев назад

    Good Stuff

  • @giovanniperretta-lopes874
    @giovanniperretta-lopes874 5 месяцев назад

    how to waste time has evolved

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 5 месяцев назад

      This video was filmed some 25 years ago. It was a different time in the martial arts. I have trained in numerous martial arts for more than 50 years and have been teaching since the 1970's in many different countries. During this time I have witnessed first-hand the curriculum help students improve their personal fitness levels; gain more self-confidence and self-worth; improve focus and discipline (which has directly contributed to their success in various professions); successfully defend themselves on the street; compete and win with the sport element; apply defensive tactics skills in security/policing; and have benefited from a sense of "community". Not a waste of time. I would suggest that today, the vast majority of the participants in the martial arts industry are no longer studying "complete" martial arts systems which can also offer additional elements beyond just self-defence and/or sport. Unfortunately, many of the "newer generation" lack discipline, focus, and commitment to learn whole systems. Instead they want a quick fix in order to learn a few beginner skills to fight in a cage. The martial arts has become an activity full of "partial artists". Thanks for your comment.

  • @russellyip9470
    @russellyip9470 5 месяцев назад

    Back to the future, enjoyed watching, 🙏

  • @taptanhytb5117
    @taptanhytb5117 5 месяцев назад

    ❤❤❤❤

  • @taptanhytb5117
    @taptanhytb5117 5 месяцев назад

    ❤❤❤❤❤

  • @infosecgeek
    @infosecgeek 5 месяцев назад

    Oof... maybe as some sort of exercise, but please don't turn your back on your opponent. Even at full speed, this was almost 3 seconds of back exposure to a non-resisting partner. In the real world, at best you'd get bearhugged by an inexperienced fighter and possibly taken to the ground. At worst? You get choked out. Looks pretty from the overhead angle though.

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 5 месяцев назад

      I disagree. Before exposing your back in a crossover spinning action you have been punch in the face, chopped in the neck, and driven back with a hammer fist to the chest and a palm to the face (4 immediate hits); then in the spin (while your back is briefly exposed) you have been elbowed in the gut, hammer fisted in the groin, kicked in the groin, and back fisted in the face (4 more immediate hits). Remember that each blow to your opponent has an effect on his ability to retaliate. The problem when viewing, analyzing, and demonstrating striking self-defences is that you can't actually strike your training partner "for real". Thank you for your comment. It is appreciated.

  • @wil3978
    @wil3978 5 месяцев назад

    Keep up the good work and videos.

  • @johnreidy2804
    @johnreidy2804 5 месяцев назад

    I am a 4th dan in Goju and never heard of Kenjute friend. And I began my martial arts journey back in the 80's

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 5 месяцев назад

      Goju Ryu is an interesting martial art. I've been teaching martial arts since the 1970's and opened my own commercial school in 1982. Kenjute is a martial art system that began to take shape in the mid 1980's and was first defined as a separate curriculum in 1993. It has continued to evolve ever since. Thanks for your comment. Best wishes.

    • @johnreidy2804
      @johnreidy2804 5 месяцев назад

      @@kenjuteinternational3940 What did Kenjute spring from?

  • @Samson1981-ks4xc
    @Samson1981-ks4xc 5 месяцев назад

    I agree with almost everything, except the comment about ring fighting is not the same as street fighting. I partly agree and i know where you coming from. Working in security myself. Still the skills one can develop in full contact fights are definitely precious! Yes there is rules an regulations, but one develops unique skills in the ring and in full contact sparring. Lets take Thaiboxing for example, it covers all the major distances. And all the major angels. Except ground fighting. So every single technique this guys train have realistic application value. There is not one technique which does not work against a resisting human being. On the other hand traditional martial arts teach a variety of techniques which might work and often not. Don't forget dealing with adrenaline. There is good chance of getting knocked out in the ring. Ending up with a broken nose, rip or jaw. In the worst case you might die from internal bleeding. So there is definitely some serious adrenaline and fear factor in full contact fights. And that is also a very important factor in street fighting. The way i see it, the effectiveness of full contact sports fighting systems is in their limitations, because they don't waste time with things which only might work. Google Boxer and streetfight and you will see how good some guys will hold up in real street fights. These guys do not have tactical combatives training. They just developed serious combat skills in the gym. But as you pointed out. They do not cover the whole picture of a non rule streetfight. So there is definitely room for specialized systems. So keep up the work. Greets from Switzerland.

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 5 месяцев назад

      You are correct. Any previous martial arts training will help in a street scenario. Sparring DOES have value in teaching fluidity and contact (giving and receiving). My point was: too many people mistakenly think that cage (ring) fighting IS street fighting and that it is the ultimate measurement of real combat (street) techniques. Thanks for your comment.

  • @Studioinsession
    @Studioinsession 6 месяцев назад

    Amazing Technique Demonstrations.

  • @nalinprematathna1966
    @nalinprematathna1966 6 месяцев назад

    😮........ Very beautiful......

  • @gregdaniels1559
    @gregdaniels1559 6 месяцев назад

    Nice work! Thanks for sharing!

  • @Studioinsession
    @Studioinsession 6 месяцев назад

    Nice🤙👍😎

  • @chrismachabee3128
    @chrismachabee3128 6 месяцев назад

    Sensei, this is a joke. Sensei, when I saw you complete your movement, my first thought was you going to jail! That wasn't self-defense that was offense, as in offensive. After you locked the arm and the elbow strike, foot on the trachea? Knee on the chest, several different bops with the stick, Sensei, dude was finished with the elbow, but he got a parade of butt whooping making it hard to think you wasn’t the perpetrator, which to me looked like you was perpetrating that dude all over the place. You know, I'm kidding' you, that is fantastic martial arts. It is what the police should be using against women with knives, so other don’t shoot them unnecessarily, and drunks and people who should be taken down instead of shot. An edged weapon is dangerous, but training and practice and confidence should keep you safe in a confrontation. Excellent movements and your students look well trained. Very good thank you. I hope you don’t mind my humor sometimes I can't resist myself.

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 6 месяцев назад

      I like your humour. Remember that students can stop the technique at any point and escape. It's nice to have follow-ups though when it is necessary. Thanks for the comment.

    • @chrismachabee3128
      @chrismachabee3128 6 месяцев назад

      @@kenjuteinternational3940 You're welcome Sensei. A lot of people I suspect are very lucky you have a sense of humor. I can tell your student have a good deal of discipline, that honors their teaching. I look forwardd to seing any more video you have. thank you for the reply. "Martial arts is not just about fighting, it's about building character."

  • @taptanhytb5117
    @taptanhytb5117 6 месяцев назад

    ❤❤❤❤

  • @taptanhytb5117
    @taptanhytb5117 6 месяцев назад

    ❤❤❤❤

  • @SteveG-o2v
    @SteveG-o2v 6 месяцев назад

    Seems like everything after the arm break is murder.

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 6 месяцев назад

      Remember, you can stop your self-defence delivery at any point based on the fluidity of the situation and potential on-going threat. Thank you for your comment.

  • @TuriGiuliano
    @TuriGiuliano 6 месяцев назад

    it works if u get caught by a manikin i guess...but how about a human being?

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 6 месяцев назад

      Sure. These techniques are initially taught in the "ideal phase" of learning. But students should also be prepared to alter their movements and potential targets based on the fluidity of the situation. Thanks for your comment.

    • @bobsuruncle7801
      @bobsuruncle7801 6 месяцев назад

      Please do tell what you think the proper response to someone pulling your belt is and show how to teach it to someone without instruction or cooperation.

  • @ianbarnett5818
    @ianbarnett5818 6 месяцев назад

    No one ever expects a bite 😂

  • @ianbarnett5818
    @ianbarnett5818 6 месяцев назад

    Great explanation of the mechanics, theory and application. One of the most important aspects is knowing why things are done the way they are done. Knowing the purpose is key to getting better.

  • @ianbarnett5818
    @ianbarnett5818 6 месяцев назад

    The level of education is akin to a university degree, the depth of knowledge you need to acquire and demonstrate is massive. This truly makes for complete martial artists

    • @kenjuteinternational3940
      @kenjuteinternational3940 6 месяцев назад

      It is said that "knowledge is power". Martial arts has a lot to offer if people seek it out instead of just limiting their thinking to a cage or ring.