KATP channels in metabolic sensing: Mechanistic insights from CryoEM structures
KATP channels are ligand-gated potassium channels that couple cellular metabolism with membrane potential to regulate a broad range of cell activities: from hormone secretion, vasodilation, protection of cardiac and neuronal tissues against ischemic injuries, to learning and memory. Each KATP channel is composed of four inward rectifying potassium channels, Kir6.1 or Kir6.2, which form the ion-conducting pore, and four regulatory sulfonylurea receptors, SUR1, SUR2A, or SUR2B, from the ABC transporter family. Mutations in genes encoding KATP channel subunits are linked to several human diseases, including hyperi...