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14. MUST HAVE III (assertion about certainty or likelihood) He must have been at home at 8 pm - I saw light in his window. You must’ve been here before - I can smell your perfume in the air. Why didn’t you answer my call yesterday? - Ah, sorry, I must’ve been listening to music loudly. 15. CAN’T HAVE III (negative certainty or likelihood) He can’t have been at home at 7 pm - I didn’t see light in his window. You can’t have been ill, because I heard you laughing loudly all the time. They can’t have been helped by an expert. She can’t have been studying at 5 pm, because at that time all her books and notes were in my drawer. 16. COULD HAVE III I could have been the one they chose, but I wasn’t, then. He couldn’t have been a lawyer, because he used to be a criminal. Could we have been the first in the queue, but you had problems with the security guard? How could he have been stopped? 17. MAY HAVE III I may have been the cause of the failure, I must admit. He may have been ill, that’s why we haven’t heard anything about him for a time. May you have been here before, just you can’t remember? Your boss may not have been told about your situation, and that’s why he has given you such a lot of tasks. What may have been in this dish? It’s got a very strange smell. 18. MIGHT HAVE III It might have been the solution, but we had a much better idea. My car might have been mended, but I bought a new one, instead. Might it have been yours? They have sold it - did you know that? My book might not have been on his bookshelf, but I’m sure he’s read it some time earlier. What might have been in the letter? She got very angry because of that. When might the party have been on the top of the block of flats? Might they have loved the view or something? 19. WOULD HAVE III I would have been her best friend, if she hadn’t got married to my worst enemy. You wouldn’t have been ill, if you had worn a cap, a scarf, a warm coat and a pair of gloves. Would he have been the chef here, if he had spoken a foreign language? Where would we have been yesterday night if we hadn’t come here? 20. SHOULD HAVE III I should have been at home at 5 pm, I know. He should have been better in the competition. You shouldn’t have been late for the party - the guests had been waiting for you at least for an hour. Should the man have been an expert in that field for getting the job? Why should I have been taller than 180? In that job I would have stood behind a counter and nobody would’ve seen that I’m standing on a small stool. 21. OUGHT TO HAVE III You ought to have been generous and given some money to the beggar. You oughtn’t to have been rude to that old man. Ought he to have been there when the accident happened and been an eye victim? What ought we to have been doing when they came into the room? 22. DIDN’T NEED TO He didn’t need to be at school last week - but I don’t know if he really was there or not. I didn’t need to be up last night, so I went to bed very early. 23. NEEDN’T HAVE III You needn’t have been here till the end of the show, so I don’t understand why you didn’t go home earlier. 24. HAD TO I had to be the judge in their case. So, you had to be the driver during your family holiday? Well then, you must have been tired when you arrived home after that. I didn’t have to be stronger than the others just cleverer. Did she have to work yesterday? I looked for her at her home but she wasn’t there. What did she have to be doing between 6 and 7? 25. HAVE BEEN ABLE TO I have been able to be at the top of the chart for a month. I haven’t been able to be very different from the other artists for a long time, so I think I’ll give up painting. How have you been able to be running so fast for 10 hours?

131. I bought you a piano; when can you take it? 132. Were they cheaper, too? - I can’t remember. 133. Where is the nearest train station, please? 134. There aren’t enough seats here in the room. 135. What equipment do you use in your training? 136. Do you fancy a game of cards? - No, thanks. 137. Where must we go? - Sorry, I don’t remember. 138. What do you usually do when your back aches? 139. How long will you stay here? - Until Friday. 140. What can you do when you have a big problem? 141. I will buy some bread and butter, that’s all. 142. We went to the theatre and sat in the stalls. 143. If we book some seats we will be able to sit. 144. Come on. You had a long nap in the afternoon. 145. I was sick yesterday, but I’m not sick today. 146. Polish your shoes before you go to the theatre! 147. In a modern home electricity is very important. 148. Did I give it to you? - Sorry, I don’t remember. 149. I mustn’t eat sheep because I am allergic to it. 150. Yuk! I’m not eating this! I will not eat this! 151. When is your appointment? - Certainly, not today. 152. It is windy and rainy and cold; it’s like autumn. 153. Can I sit down somewhere? - There is a seat here. 154. How did you feel yesterday? - Thanks, well enough. 155. I’m very happy that you have arrived. Do sit down! 156. Come here now! - OK, I will be there straightaway. 157. I always know where it is, but I can’t find it now. 158. Don’t send him to the shop, because he can’t count. 159. You must use this! You don’t have any other choice. 160. I have already met him at school. I know him a bit. 161. I have two nieces, but I don’t see them very often. 162. This parcel is too heavy. It will be very expensive. 163. I like this butcher because he always has fresh meat. 164. Bring me a glass of water, please. - I’m bringing it. 165. I have been working all day, I can’t go out with you. 166. My aunt is expecting a baby - so she has a big belly. 167. Did you speak to him? - Yes, I spoke to him yesterday. 168. I didn’t sleep much. - So, are you tired? - Of course. 169. When you arrive, he will wait for you on the platform. 170. He didn’t get up at seven; he got up at seven-fifteen. 171. We have two bathrooms - one downstairs and one upstairs. 172. If you want to eat beef, you have to go to the butcher’s. 173. Something is wrong with your washbasin. You must mend it. 174. Where can I put the waste paper? The rubbish bin is full. 175. When I go abroad I try to take as little luggage as I can. 176. A jealous person is angry with others when they are happy. 177. I have to answer a lot of questions in this questionnaire. 178. I saw that you fell off your bike. Are you quite all right? 179. I am happy that you can take them by car but what about me? 180. There are some tents behind that fence. Is that your garden? 181. Sometimes I go running - when the school takes me to a race. 182. When the Sun appears in the sky in winter, everyone is happy. 183. In P.E. classes we usually play a game, for example basketball. 184. I need my medicine but I don’t know where the prescription is. 185. My brother sold a lot of things when he went to the marketplace. 186. If I don’t watch TV after training, perhaps I will surf the net. 187. If you don’t follow the instructions you will break this machine. 188. What day is your birthday this year? - Look at it in the calendar. 189. I have a headache, doctor. - Take this medicine and you will be OK. 190. Did you buy that coat? - I wanted to buy that but I bought nothing. 191. Mary, this is Bob. Bob, this is Mary. Mary, meet Bob. Bob, meet Mary. 192. In my room one of my greatest treasures is a photo of my family and me. 193. My parents were born in the previous century; I was born in this century. 194. I regularly go to work-outs three or four times a week. It is a bit tiring. 195. Now I know what Alpha Centauri is. It is the nearest star outside the Solar System. 196. Your friend told me yesterday that you are ill. How are you today? - Worse and worse. 197. I feel sick. - I have a temperature, I can’t stand on my legs and I have a stomachache. 198. I am ill and I went to the doctor. He gave me a prescription and now I am going to the chemist’s. 199. Have you ever seen a piece of coal? - Yes, I have. - Where and when? - At home, long time ago, some years ago. 200. Our hall’s here and you can go to the kitchen, the toilet, the living room, the bathroom and the pantry from here.

101. How big is your nose? 102. How tall are you? 103. Are you short? 104. Is your desk heavy? 105. Tell me a light thing! 106. Are you fat? 107. Are you thin? 108. Are you strong? 109. Are you weak? 110. What is speedy? 111. Are you slow? 112. What are you like after a bath? 113. What is a good towel like? 114. Tell me a soft animal! 115. What is loud? 116. Tell me a beautiful thing! 117. What is ugly? 118. Do you like hot days? 119. When is it cold? 120. What colour is the panther? 121. What colour are your mother’s eyes? 122. Do you have a purple bag? 123. What colour is an orange? 124. What colour is a cherry? 125. What colour is a normal/usual pencil? 126. What colour is the night sky? 127. What colour is snow? 128. Do you have a ping-pong table? 129. What colour is your rake? 130. How strong is a bull? 131. Have you ever seen a waterfall? 132. Have you ever seen an owl in reality? 133. Do you like cake? 134. Can you make a snowball? 135. What colour is a ping-pong ball? 136. What colour is a schoolboard? 137. What is the animal of Easter? 138. Do you have sunglasses? 139. What do you get for Christmas? 140. What is a balloon like? 141. Would you like to be a princess? 142. Who makes the spiderweb? 143. What is under your head when you are sleeping? 144. What wakes you up in the morning? 145. Do you like carrots? 146. Can you swim under water? 147. Have you ever caught a fish? 148. Have you ever seen a hedgehog? 149. Do you have an umbrella? 150. Where does a bird live? 151. Where are birds from? 152. What is on a king’s head? 153. How many telephones are there at home? 154. Have you ever been to an office? 155. Do you have a calendar? 156. What is your father? 157. What is your mother? 158. How much is five and five? 159. How much is ten and ten? 160. What street do you live in? 161. Where do cars go? 162. How many corners are there in your room? 163. How big is your kitchen? 164. Where is your cooker? 165. Where is your sink? 166. Do you have a cat? 167. Where is your dustbin? 168. Do you like tea? 169. What do you drink tea from? 170. What do you wash clothes in?

91. He felt as though he'd been sleeping for a hundred years. 92. If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had an accident. 93. If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world. 94. If I were in your position, I'd stick to my own decision. 95. If it DOESN'T RAIN tomorrow, we WON'T PLAY RUMMY all day. 96. If my mother knows about this, we are in serious trouble. 97. You would have passed your exam if you had worked harder. 98. I would have believed you if you hadn't lied to me before. 99. If I had gone to bed early, I would have caught the train. 100. If the baby had been a boy, we would have called him John. 101. If we win this match, we are qualified for the semifinals. 102. If x equals -4 and y equals -3, then x times y equals +12. 103. If you cross an international date line, the time changes. 104. If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exam. 105. If you hear any noise inside, call the police immediately. 106. If you can come round sometime, I'll show you my etchings. 107. If you were to ask him nicely, he would probably help you. 108. We'll worry about it if and when the police ever find out. 109. I would travel around the world if I had a million dollars. 110. If [the case is that] it's ten o'clock, she must be sleepy. 111. If I had had time, I would have gone to the football match. 112. If we must queue for the tickets, we'll miss the beginning. 113. If you hadn't lied to me before, I would have believed you. 114. If you see Mr Fox tonight, tell him I am ill. (imperative). 115. I'll be waiting for you even if you don't love me any more. 116. Is baby asleep yet? If so, we can turn the volume up a bit. 117. Wouldn't you work at all if your husband was a millionaire? 118. Don't switch on the TV in the morning if I'm still sleeping. 119. If Jake was here now, he would be drinking his seventh pint. 120. If you had warned me [then], I would not be in prison [now]. 121. If you should see Pat, could you tell her I'm busy all week? 122. You look as though you get on with your parents pretty well. 123. If she'd been sleepy, we would still be in the same town now. 124. If you had given me your e-mail, I would have written to you. 125. You see, we could be playing tennis now if it wasn't raining. 126. If I had known you were in hospital, I would have visited you. 127. If I won a million pounds, I would stop teaching. (improbable) 128. I'm sorry but I won't answer the door if I'm feeding the baby. 129. Shall I help you in with those bags? - Yes, if you will/would. 130. You see, we could be playing tennis now if it weren't raining. 131. If I were younger, I would surely not mind such inconveniences. 132. It would be very kind of you if you put all this down on paper. 133. The last bus is gone - it looks as if we'll have to takea taxi. 134. They may change their minds if you don't reply until next week. 135. You'd better cancel the trip if you don't feel better tomorrow. 136. Hud would cook every day if he could use his landlady's kitchen. 137. I'd have bought you a present if I'd known it was your birthday. 138. If [the case is that] it's ten o'clock, of course she is sleepy. 139. If I had found her address, I would have sent her an invitation. 140. Is anybody watching the TV? If not, I'll turn it off, all right? 141. Mrs Boobah wouldn't be so generous if she were in your position. 142. Whether or not it rains tomorrow, I'll go to the football match. 143. Whether it rains tomorrow or not, I'll go to the football match. 144. How will you provide for your family if you should lose your job? 145. I wouldn't have paid so much for those shoes (if I had been you). 146. They might change their minds if you don't reply until next week. 147. Would it be OK by you if I telephoned you early tomorrow morning? 148. How are you going to provide for your family if you lose your job? 149. If you ill kindly wait here, I'll get you the receipt in a minute. 150. She'd be a millionaire now if she hadn't left fingerprints behind. 151. He wouldn't have had that terrible accident if he had been careful. 152. Doris often asked her mother if she would be rich when she grew up. 153. If [the case was that] it was ten o'clock, she must've been sleepy. 154. If I don’t see him this afternoon, I will phone him in the evening. 155. If you help me with the dishes, I will help you with your homework. 156. He would've noticed the boss if he hadn't been dancing on the table. 157. How will you provide for your family if you happen to lose your job? 158. If [the case was that] it was ten o'clock, of course she was sleepy. 159. If he had been careful, he wouldn't have had that terrible accident. 160. If you would kindly wait here, I'll get you the receipt in a minute.

WH- QUESTIONS WH- DID/WAS/WERE …? (17) How did you do that? How much did they eat? How long did you wait for them? How long did the train journey take? How many children were there at the party? What did you do yesterday? What did you eat for dinner? What did you lose yesterday? What did you say? - I didn't say anything. What did you buy when you won that money? When did you arrive? When did you move here? When were you in London? When did you meet your wife? When did you buy that sweater? When did you design this wonderful skirt? When did you study? - I studied last night. Where did she go? Where could such fine art be found? Where could you find such fine art? Where did you go for your holidays? Where did you study? - I studied at the library. Which did you eat? Which book did Sam read? Which did she want to buy? Which way did the group go? Who did you talk to? Who did you work for? Whom did you laugh at? Who was laughed at by you? Who did you meet at the party? Who did they visit last summer? Whose spoon did I use? Whose coat did the thief steel? Whose did the little girl break? Whose film did you see at the cinema? Why did he punish you? Why did we have to come? Why were you punished by him? Why did you abuse your servant? Why did the computer break down? Why didn't you do your homework? Why did the baby cry this morning? Why was your servant abused by you? Why didn’t you tell me about the accident? Why didn't you go to the party? - I did go. By whom was the snake killed? By whom was Canada settled? By whom was the order executed? WH- QUESTIONS ABOUT THE SUBJECT (18) Who did that? What caused it? Who killed the snake? Who wrote Don Quixote? Who saw this film at home? Who discovered penicillin? Which present cost the most? How much water got into the bag? How many people worked at the factory? What kind of machines made this noise? Whose friends helped you after the accident?

DID (3) I just did it. I'm glad you did. They did agree with us. It did seem a bit strange. We did our homework last night. I did my Maths homework yesterday. And that was the way it did happen. The way he did it reminded her of Alex. Sleep came without decision, as did the dream. After drinking some water I did in fact feel better. He did a lot of researching before he talked to me. WAS (4) It was known to them. A song was sung by her. I was in Japan last year. I was at work yesterday. A letter was written by him. David said that he was tired. Rome was not built in a day. Tom was in New York yesterday. Nothing about it was known to her. ’Harry Potter’ was written in English. BilI studied French when I was a child. He who never was sick worked the most. Rome was not built in a (or one) day. Guernica' was painted by Picasso in 1937. I was in the kitchen when the phone rang. He played the violin when he was a child. Napolean himself was once a crying baby. The religion we call false was once true. My camera was stolen while I was on holiday. The house was built during the 19th Century. I was so thirsty I drank two bottles of water. That was the best ice-cream soda I ever tasted. John Lennon died while he was living in New York. Nothing comes out of the sack but what was in it. He who pleased everybody died before he was born. The students shouted as the President was speaking. She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing. This street was once very quiet, but nowadays it's full of traffic. The new girl told me her father was a millionaire but I don't believe her! I slept, and dreamt that life was Beauty, I woke, and found that life was Duty. I don't know who my grandfather was. I' m much more concerned to know what his grandson will be. WERE (5) They were very pleased. I asked how old you were. A friend is, as it were, a second self. We were happy every time (when) we met. His friends were loved very much by him. The children were thirsty when you arrived. Bod and Kate were my best friends at school. HAD (6) He had a computer. I had some toast for breakfast. I would help you if I had time! She had a headache yesterday. You had better go now. = You'd better go now. USED TO (7) We used to go there every year. Dad used to smoke, but not any more. My father always used to tell us bedtime stories. I used to go to Brighton when I was a child. But I don't any longer. This street used to be very quiet; but nowadays it's full of traffic. ASKED (8) I wish I had asked him. I asked the bank for a loan. 'Where are you going?' she asked. I asked her but she didn't answer. He asked the witness to stand down. She asked me if I liked ESL lessons. She asked: "Do you like ESL lessons? He asked permission to leave the room. Some dude just asked me if I knew you. The police asked me questions all day. She asked him to leave, but he refused. 'Is there a problem?' he asked sharply. The teacher asked me if I knew the answer. I left because you never asked me to stay. Maurice asked me whether I needed any help. The teacher asked: "Do you know the answer? I asked him his name, but he didn't respond. I don't know why I asked-just idle curiosity. The interviewer asked her to speak into the microphone. TOLD (9) I have told you twenty times. They told us the dreadful news. She told me a surprising thing. I told you not to drink too much. I told myself not to be so jumpy. Our teacher told us a joke today. She told me she lived in Frankfurt. She told them to grub up the roots. I never told you, I wanna hold you. She told Fred to make himself useful. The old lady told me all her troubles. I told her to send the letter by airmail. She told him all her woes and problems. He told Hayling that he was keen to help. The teacher told us to look at the blackboard. She told me her mother doesn't like German food. Pierre told them some things he later regretted telling. SAID (10) No sooner said than done. The least said the better. I heard what you said. He said: "I don't feel well." = He said he didn’t fell very well. She said: "I live in Frankfurt." - She said she lives in Frankfurt. He said: "I can speak 5 languages." - He said he could speak 5 languages.

... (see the beginning of the text above!) - There is seasonability in this profession, too. - Give me an example. - For example, this year doesn’t have a special occasion, so companies have a new idea. This year there will be campaigns before Easter, and they will tell parents to give their children laptops. - Will prices go down then? - The average prices will be the same, but the new products will be a bit better. - When will you start this action? - About three weeks before Easter. - How effective do you think it will be? - There will be a global campaign, so I’m sure there will be a good market. - What other markets will make a profit from this? - Its accessories, for example, everything that is used together with PCs. - And after Easter? - Of course, there is always a cooling season in the market - in the fridge market and, of course, in the air conditioner market, too. *** BRAIN STORMING, 2010-2021

4.2. WH-questions: (Question Words: what, which, who, whose, where, when, why, how) What have I got? What have you got? What has he got? What has Bob got? What has the boy got? What has she got? What has Kate got? What has the girl got? What has it got? What has the dog got? What has the house got? What have we got? What have you got? What have they got? What have the boys got? What have Bob and Kate got? What have they got? What have the dogs got? What have the houses got? What have I got in my lunch-box? What have you got in your pocket? What has he got in his left hand? What has Bob in his pocket? What has she got in her handbag? What has Kate got in her room? What has it got in its bed? What has the dog got in its doghouse? What have we got in our car? What have you got in your classroom? What have they got in their house? What have Bob and Kate got in their car? What have they got on their tops? What have the dogs got in their kennel? Other questions with different question words: What What books have you got? What films have you got? What food have you got? Which Which cake have you got on your plate? Which book have you got in your bag? Which pen have you got in your hand? Who 1.-Who, as a subject: Who has got a big dog? Who has got a fast car? Who has got a nice cake? 2.-Who, as an object: Who have you got in your car? Who have they got in their team? Who has the hotel got at the reception? Whose Whose bike have you got? Whose book have you got? Whose coat have you got in your wardrobe? Where Where have you got a lesson today? Where have you got a lot of friends? Where have you got your favourite cap? When When have you got free time? When have you got enough fruit to make jam? Why Why have you got a cat on your head? Why have you got a book in your hand? Why have you got banana on your pizza? 4.3. How - questions 4.3.1. How with adjectives How long lessons have I got today? How long free time have you got now? How heavy bag has he got? How heavy bag has Bob got? (How heavy is his bag? - How heavy is Bob’s bag?) How old doll has she got? - How old doll has Kate got? (How old is her doll? - How old is Kate’s doll?) How big doghouse has it got? - How big doghouse has your dog got? How big rooms have we got? How strong chairs have you got? How expensive house have they got? - How expensive house have your grandparents got? How big wheels have they got? - How big wheels have the cars got? 4.3.2. How Many and How Much How many apples have I got? How many dogs have you got? How many friends has Bob got? - How many friends has he got? How many shoes has Kate got? - How many shoes has she got? How many wheels has the car got? - How many wheels has it got? How many chairs have we got? How many rooms have you got? How many grandchildren have Mr and Mrs Brown got? - How many grandchildren have they got? How many rooms have their houses got? - How many rooms have they got? How much soup have I got? How much water have you got? How much food has Bob got? - How much food has he got? How much butter has Kate got? - How much butter has she got? How much bread has the bakery got? - How much bread has it got? How much meat have we got? How much coffee have you got? How much fruit have the team got? - How much fruit have they got? How much paper have the shops got? - How much paper have they got?

’BE’ IN PRESENT TENSE - PRACTICE 51. Are you a girl? - Yes, I am. I am a girl. Are you a boy? - No. I am not a boy. You are a TV reporter, right? - Yes, I am a TV reporter. I like doing it. Are you older than 20 (twenty)? - Yes. I’m over 23. (twenty-three) 55. You are a student at a college, right? - Yes. I study media. You learnt sewing. Are you a taylor or a dressmaker? - No, I’m not a dressmaker. You are not a boss, right? - No. I don’t want to be a boss. I don’t wannabe a boss. - Why not? - It’s too much responsibility. You aren’t short. Is it a problem for you? - No. It isn’t a problem. It’s good that I am tall. How old is your brother? - He is almost 16. (sixteen) 60. Is he a good brother? - Let’s say he’s a good one. 61. Is your brother a hardworking student? - No, he is not hardworking, but clever. How tall is your brother? - He isn’t tall, he is shorter than me. What is your mother like? - She is very cute. Is your mother hardworking? - Yes, she is hardworking and successful. 65. Does she work a lot? - Yes, she is not lazy. Is your mother impatient? - No, she isn’t impatient, she’s patient and she isn’t strict. What is your car like? - It is comfortable, economical, fast and purple. Is your car dirty? - No, it is not dirty. It is always clean. Where do you spend your workdays? - We are usually in our studios but we’re outdoors a lot too. 70. Are you paid well at the TV? - We are not paid well there. 71. What are your colleagues like? - They are different. Are they friendly or cold? - They’re mainly friendly. 73. Are they hardworking? - No, they are not hardworking, but they aren’t lazy, either.

... 81. Do you have a raincoat? - No. * How often do you use your umbrella in summer? - Usually I don’t use it, because of the little rain. * What is the most important in summer for you? - There is no school. * How different is your daily routine from school time? - Very different. I can go to bed late and I can sleep for long. * Who do you visit in summer? - My aunt. * How far does she live? - About 200 kilometres. * How long does it take you to get there? - It’s a long car-trip. Almost 4 hours. * What do you wear on a beach or at an open-air bath? - Swimming trunks. * And the girls? - They wear bikinis or swimming dresses. 90. How many swimming-pools are there at this open-air bath? - There are 8 swimming-pools. 91. Do you have or wear a sunhat or sunglasses? - I don’t have a sunhat, but sometimes I wear sunglasses.

... top up: to completely fill something like a glass or a container, or to increase the level of something like a phone card touch on: to talk briefly about something when speaking or writing about another topic toy with: to think about doing something, but not very seriously track down: to find something after a long search try on: to put on clothes or shoes before buying them to see if they fit properly and look good try out: to test something to see what it's like, or to see if it works properly turn around: to change something unsuccessful into something successful turn away: If someone turns you away, they don't allow you to enter a place. turn back: to return in the direction from which you've come, or to make someone do this turn down (1): to decrease or lower the volume, heat, power, etc. of an appliance by turning a knob or pressing a button turn down (2): If you turn down an offer or a request, you decide not to accept it. turn in (1): to go to bed turn in (2): If you turn somebody in, you tell the police that the person has committed a crime or you hand them over to the police yourself. turn into: to change from one thing into another turn off: to stop a machine or an appliance from working by using a button or a switch turn on: to start a machine or an appliance by pressing a button or flicking a switch turn out (1): to make a light go off turn out (2): to have a certain outcome, or to end in a certain way turn over (1): to change the position of something so that the side facing down is now facing up turn over (2): to change your body's position when lying down so that you are facing the opposite direction turn up (1): to increase the volume, heat, power, etc. of an appliance by turning a knob or pressing a button turn up (2): If someone turns up somewhere, they arrive without being expected or without telling anyone they'd be coming.

... size up: to observe carefully and then form an opinion about a person or a situation sleep together: to have sex together sleep with: to have sex with someone slip up: to make a small mistake, usually because of carelessness slow down: to become slower, or to make someone or something go slower smell of: to have a particular smell snap up: to get something quickly so you don't miss out sober up: to become sober again after drinking too much alcohol sort out (1): If you sort things out, you arrange them into some sort of order. sort out (2): If you sort something out, you make arrangements for it or you organize it. speak out: If you speak out, you publicly state your position on an issue, or publicly oppose or defend someone or something. speak up (1): to speak louder speak up (2): If you speak up, you publicly state your position on an issue, or publicly oppose or defend someone or something. speed up: to move faster, or to increase the speed of something spell out: If you spell something out, you explain it slowly and very clearly so that everyone can understand. spread out: If a group of people spread out, they move apart so that there's more space between them. stamp out: to stop something bad or harmful by taking strong action against it stand by (1): If you're standing by, you're ready to do something or help somebody. stand by (2): If you stand by someone, you support them or help them if they're in some sort of trouble. stand by (3): to do nothing to stop something wrong or something bad from happening stand down: to resign or retire from a job or a position stand for (1): If letters or symbols stand for something, they represent that thing. stand for (2): If a person or an organisation stands for certain ideals or principles, they believe in and support those ideals or principles. stand for (3): If you won't stand for something, you won't accept it or allow it to happen. stand out: If somebody stands out, they are easy to see because there is something unusual about the way they look or the way they behave. stand up: to get to your feet from a lying or sitting position stand up for: to defend an idea or a person against criticism or attack start off: to begin in a particular way or with a particular act start out: to begin a life or a career in a particular way start up: to create and run an organization such as a business, a club, a band, etc. stay away from: If you stay away from something or someone, you don't go near the thing or the person. stay up: If you stay up, you don't go to bed at the usual time. step down: to resign from a job or a position step up: to increase the level or strength of something stick at: If you stick at something, you continue to do it even if it's difficult or it's taking a long time. stick out (1): If something sticks out, it comes out beyond the edge or the end of something. stick out (2): to move part of your body out and away from the rest of your body stick to (1): If you stick to something, you don't stop doing it or you don't stop trying to do it. stick to (2): If you stick to something like a political party, a sporting club, a job, or even a favorite food or colour, you don't change to another one. stick up for: If you stick up for someone who's being criticized or attacked verbally, you defend or support them. stick with: to continue with the same thing, instead of changing to something else stir up: to cause trouble among people or to cause bad feelings to arise stop over: to stop at a place and stay there for one or two days while on your way to somewhere else storm out: to leave a place quickly when you are angry or upset about something sum up: If you sum up something, you give a quick summary of it. switch off: to turn something off with a switch switch on: to turn something on with a switch

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come about: To happen, especially partly or totally by chance. come across (1): To find something or meet someone by chance. come across (2): If somebody comes across as being a certain type of person, they appear that way to other people. come along (1): To arrive or to appear. come along (2): To make progress or to improve in some way. come along (3): To go with somebody when they're going somewhere. come apart: To separate into several pieces, or to break into several parts. come around: To visit somebody, usually at their home. come back: To return to a place. come down: To move to a lower level or a lower position. come from (1): To be born and raised in a place. come from (2): To be made in or obtained from a particular place or thing. come in (1): To enter a room or a building. come in (2): If something like a train or plane comes in, it arrives at a station or an airport. come into: To be given something after its owner dies. come of: To be the result of an event or situation. come off (1): If something comes off, it becomes separated from the thing it's usually attached to. come off (2): To result in the intended outcome. come on (1): To make progress or to improve in some way. come on (2): If a light or a computer comes on, it starts working. come on (3): If a TV or radio show comes on, it starts. come out (1): To become available. come out (2): To become known. come over (1): To visit a place, or to move from one place or country to another. come over (2): To seem to be a particular type of person. come through: To survive a difficult or dangerous situation or time. come to (1): To regain consciousness after an accident or an operation. come to (2): To add up to a particular total. come to (3): If a thought or an idea comes to you, you remember it or you think of it. come under: To suddenly experience or suffer something dangerous or unpleasant. come up (1): To walk up to someone or something. come up (2): If an issue or a name comes up in something like a conversation, a meeting, or a report, the issue or name is discussed or mentioned. come up (3): To appear, occur, or become available. come up against: To face a difficult situation or a difficult opponent. come up with: To think of something like a plan, an idea or a solution to a problem. count on: To depend on someone or something to do what is expected or needed. cover up: To try to stop people finding out about something bad. crack down: To start enforcing a law or a rule more strictly. cross off: To remove a name or an item from a list by drawing a line through it. cross out: If you cross something out, you draw a line through it with a pen or a pencil, usually because it's wrong or is no longer necessary. cry out: To scream or yell because of pain or fear. cut back: To reduce the amount of money spent on something, or to reduce the size or scale of something. cut down: To reduce the amount, number or size of something. cut off (1): To stop the supply of something like electricity, water, gas or telephone service. cut off (2): To isolate somebody or something by making transport or communication very difficult or impossible. cut out (1): To remove an area of paper or cloth from a larger sheet by cutting. cut out (2): To stop doing something, such as eating fatty foods or gambling or taking drugs, usually in order to improve one's health or one's life. cut out (3): If you tell someone to "Cut it out!", you want them to stop doing something annoying. cut up: To cut something into small pieces.

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Saunajjynahynany

151. posta - posta 152. postale - postai 153. postino - postás 154. posto - hely 155. posto di lavoro - munkahely 156. posti numerati - számozott helyek 157. potente - erős 158. potenza - erő, hangerő 159. pratica - gyakorlat 160. praticabile - járható 161. praticamente - gyakorlatilag, valójában 162. praticare - gyakorolni 163. pratico - gyakorlott, praktikus 164. preavviso - előzetes értesítés 165. prebarba - borotválkozás előtti szer 166. precedente - előbbi, megelőző, előzmény 167. precedenza - elsőbbség 168. precedere - megelőzni 169. preciso - pontos 170. preda - zsákmány 171. prefabbricato - előre gyártott 172. preferenza - előny, előszeretet 173. preferire - előnyben részesíteni, kedvelni 174. prefettura - prefektúra 175. preludio - nyitány 176. premiare - jutalmazni 177. premio - díj, jutalom 178. il primo premio - az első díj; nyeremény 179. prenotato - előjegyzett 180. preparare - (elő)készíteni, (el)készíteni 181. preparato - előkészített, felkészült, készítmény 182. preposozione - elöljárószó 183. presentare - bemutatni 184. presentazione - bemutatás, bemutatkozás 185. preservativo - óvszer 186. pressione - nyomás 187. pressione dell’aria - légnyomás 188. prestigio - tekintély 189. prima - előbb, ezelőtt, azelőtt 190. prima di tutto - mindenekelőtt, először is 191. prima - bemutató 192. primitivo - kezdetleges, primitív, eredeti 193. primizia - primőr 194. primo - első 195. di prima classe/qualitá - első osztályú 196. il primo - elseje 197. il primo aprile - április elseje 198. principale - fő-, legfontosabb; főnök 199. principe; principessa - herceg(nő) 200. principio - kezdet 201. prioritá - elsőbbség 202. privato - magán-, maszek 203. privilegio - kiváltság, privilégium 204. problema - probléma 205. problematico - vitás 206. procedura - eljárás 207. processo - folyamat, per 208. prodotto - termék, készítmény 209. prodotto industriale - ipari termék 210. produrre - termelni 211. produttore - termelő, producer 212. produzione - termelés, előállítás 213. profano - világi 214. professione - foglalkozás, mesterség 215. professionista - hivatásos, profi 216. professionistico - hivatásos, profi 217. professore; professoressa - tanár(nő) 218. professore universitario - egyetemi tanár 219. professore ordinario - rendes tanár 220. profilo - arcél 221. di profilo - oldalnézetből 222. profitto - nyereség, haszon 223. profumare - illatosítani 224. profumato - illatos 225. profumeria - illatszerbolt 226. profumo - illat, parfüm 227. programma - program, műsor, műsorfüzet 228. progresso - fejlődés 229. propaganda - propaganda 230. prosa - próza 231. prospettiva - távlat, kilátás 232. prospetto - kilátás 233. protesi dentaria - műfogsor 234. protesta - tiltakozás 235. protestante - tiltakozás 236. protestare - tiltakozni 237. protezione - védelem 238. protocollo - jegyzőkönyv 239. prova - kísérlet, próba 240. prova generale - főpróba 241. a prova d’acqua - vízálló 242. provare - próbálni 243. provincia - megye, vidék 244. provinciale - megyei 245. provocare - provokálni 246. provocazione - provokáció 247. prudente - óvatos 248. pubblicare - közölni, kiadni 249. pubblicazione - kiadás, kiadvány 250. pubblicitá - hirdetés, reklám 251. pubblico - nyilvános, közönség 252. pullover - pulóver 253. pulpito - szószék 254. pulsazione - érverés 255. punto - pont 256. puntuale - pontos 257. pure; purea - püré 258. purgatorio - tisztítótűz

151. sistema - szisztéma, rendszer, módszer 152. sistemare - elhelyezni, elrendezni 153. sistemarsi - elhelyezkedni 154. sistemazione - rendszerezés, elhelyezkedés 155. situato - fekvő 156. situato a 1000 metri dalla stazione - 1000 méterre van az állomástól 157. situazione - helyzet, fekvés 158. skilift - sílift, sífelvonó 159. slavo - szláv 160. slogan - kelszó 161. slogan pubblicitario - reklámszöveg 162. smeraldo - smaragd 163. socialdemoctartio - szociáldemokrata 164. sociale - társadalmi 165. socialismo - szocializmus 166. socialista - szocialista 167. societá - társaság; társadalom 168. societá sportiva - sportegyesület 169. socio - társ 170. sodio - nátrium 171. sofá - kerevet, dívány 172. sognare - álmodni 173. sogno - álom 174. solido - szilárd 175. solista - szólista 176. solo - egyedüli, egyetlen 177. da solo - egyedül, magában; csak 178. somma - összeg, pénzösszeg 179. somma totale - végösszeg 180. sommario - tartalomjegyzék 181. sonda - szonda 182. sonda per l’alcool - alkoholszonda 183. sopra - fenn, fent, felülre, rá 184. soprano - szopránénekesnő 185. sopratutto - főleg, elsősorban 186. sorta - fajta 187. soufflé - felfújt 188. souvenir - ajándéktárgy 189. spaghetti - spagetti 190. Spagna - Spanyolország 191. spagnolo - spanyol 192. spago - spárga 193. speciale - különleges, külön- 194. servizio/corsa speciale - különjárat 195. specialista - szakorvos 196. specialitá - különlegesség, specialitás 197. specialmente - különösen, főleg 198. speculazione - spekuláció 199. stabile - állandó, tartós 200. stabilitá - szilárdság 201. stadio - stadion 202. staffetta - váltó 203. staffetta mista - vegyesváltó 204. stalla - istálló 205. standard - szabvány 206. starter - önindító 207. stato - állapot 208. stato civile; stato di famiglia - családi állapot 209. stazione - állomás, pályaudvar 210. stazione centrale - főpályaudvar 211. stazione degli autobus - autóbusz-pályaudvar 212. stazione della metropolitana - metróállomás 213. stazione climatica - gyógyhely 214. stazione termale - fürdőhely 215. stazione di servizio - autószervíz, szervízállomás 216. stendere - szétteríteni 217. stereo(fonico) - sztereo 218. sterilizzare - fertőtleníteni 219. stile - stílus 220. in stile romantico - román stílusban 221. stimolante - izgatószer 222. stop - megállás 223. storia - történelem, történet 224. storico - történelmi 225. strada - út, utca 226. strada impraticabile - járhatatlan út 227. strada blocata/sbarrata - elzárt út 228. strada internazionale - nemzetközi út 229. strada panoramica - kilátóút 230. strada privata - magánút 231. strada secondaria - alárendelt út(vonal) 232. strada di transito - átmenő út 233. stradale - (köz)úti, utcai 234. straordinario - rendkívüli 235. strato - réteg 236. studente, studentessa - diák(lány); egyetemista 237. studiare - tanulni, tanulmányozni 238. studiare la carta geografica - tanulmányozni a térképet 239. studio - műterem, stúdió, tanulmány, tanulás 240. stupico - hülye, ostoba 241. suicidio - öngyilkosság 242. suonare - csengetni 243. suonare la tromba - dudálni 244. suona la radio - szól a rádió 245. suono - hang 246. super - szuper-, szuper(benzin) 247. superare - túlszárnyalni, felülmúlni, meghaladni 248. supermercato - ABC-áruház, élelmiszer-áruház 249. svedese - svéd 250. Svizzera - Svájc 251. svizzero - svájci

101. tocai - tokaji 102. toletta - toalett, illemhely 103. tonno - tonhal 104. tono - hangszín, hangnem, színárnyalat, tónus 105. topazio - topáz 106. torpedone - városnéző autóbusz 107. terrente - patak 108. torta - torta 109. tortellini - töltött tésztagyűrű 110. torto - igazságtalanság 111. toscano - toszkán 112. totale - totális, teljes, végösszeg 113. totocalcio - totó 114. traffico - forgalom, közlekedés 115. traffico automobilistico - autóforgalom 116. traffico intenso - nagy forgalom 117. traffico interno - belföldi forgalom 118. traffico di punta - csúcsforgalom 119. di traffico - közlekedési 120. regolazione del traffico - forgalomirányítás 121. tragedia - tragédia 122. tragico - tragikus 123. trampolino - trambulin 124. trampolino di salto - ugrósánc 125. tranquillante - nyugtató 126. tranquillo - nyugodt 127. transatlantico - óceánjáró 128. Transdanubio - Dunántúl 129. transetto - kereszthajó 130. Transilvania - Erdély 131. transistor - tranzisztor 132. transitabile - járható 133. transitabile tutto l’anno - egész évben járható 134. transito - áthaladás, átutazás, tranzit 135. trappola - csapda 136. trasferimento - áthelyezés 137. trasferire - áthelyezni 138. trasferta - áthelyezés 139. trasformare - átalakítani 140. trasformatore - transzformátor 141. trasfusione - átöntés 142. trasfusione del sangue - vérátömlesztés 143. tragressione - kihágás, vétség 144. trasgressione al Codice Stradale - közlekedési kihágás 145. trasmissione - átvitel, adás, közvetítés 146. trasmissione radiofonica - rádióközvetítés 147. trasmissione televisiva - televízióadás, tévéközvetítés 148. trasmissione diretta - élő/egyenes adás, helyszíni közvetítés 149. trasparente - átlátszó 150. trasportare - elszállítani 151. trasporto - (el)szállítás, fuvar 152. tratto - szakasz 153. tratto di strada - útszakasz 154. trattore - traktor 155. traversare - keresztezni, átmenni 156. traversata - átkelés 157. tre - három 158. tredici - 13 159. triangolare - háromszögű 160. triangolo - háromszög 161. triangolo di segnalazione - elakadásjelző háromszög 162. tribuna - tribün, emelvény, lelátó 163. tribuna d’onore - díszemelvény, dísztribün 164. triciclo - háromkerekű bicikli 165. Trieste - Trieszt 166. trimestre - negyedév 167. trionfare - győzni 168. trionfo - győzelem 169. tromba - trombita 170. trombosi - trombózis 171. tronco - törzs 172. trucco - trükk, kozmetikai kikészítés, smink 173. tubercolosi - tüdővész 174. tubetto - tubus 175. tubo - cső 176. tumore - daganat 177. tumulto - tömeg, tolongás 178. turbine - forgószél, forgatag 179. turchese - türkiz(kék) 180. Turchia - Törökország 181. turchino - türkiz(kék) 182. turco - török 183. tirusmo - idegenforgalom, turizmus, turisztika 184. turismo di massa - tömegturizmus 185. turista - turista 186. turno - turnus 187. tutto - egész, teljes 188. durante tutto il tempo - egész idő alatt 189. tutto il giorno - egézs nap 190. tutti (quanti) mindannyia 191. TV - TV 192. TV a colori - színes TV