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American Compass
Добавлен 29 июл 2020
We are developing the conservative economic agenda to supplant blind faith in free markets with a focus on workers, their families and communities, and the national interest.
Trump's Victory and the Realignment with Michael Needham
American Compass Chairman Michael Needham joins Oren Cass to share his reaction to former President Donald Trump's landslide election victory. The two explain why, even after all the claims about the "end of democracy" and Trump's supposed autocratic designs, the results shouldn't surprise anyone.
And they discuss the political realignment-particularly among Hispanic voters, who turned out for Trump across numerous swing states-that made his victory possible, as well as the promise that his second term holds for a revitalized American economy.
For more, read Oren's (americancompass.org/in-defeat-one-more-chance-to-get-it-right/) and Mike's (americancompass.org/trumps-victory-makes-clear-am...
And they discuss the political realignment-particularly among Hispanic voters, who turned out for Trump across numerous swing states-that made his victory possible, as well as the promise that his second term holds for a revitalized American economy.
For more, read Oren's (americancompass.org/in-defeat-one-more-chance-to-get-it-right/) and Mike's (americancompass.org/trumps-victory-makes-clear-am...
Просмотров: 309
Видео
A Tech Off-Ramp for Kids with Clare Morell
Просмотров 10016 часов назад
On this episode, Clare Morell, fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Center, joins Oren to discuss the consequences of a generation of kids addicted to smartphones and iPads. The two talk through how our society got to the point where kids have unlimited access to the internet and the problem with leaving parents to fight back against social media alone, as well as her forthcoming book on the ...
The Adulthood Crisis with Sam Pressler
Просмотров 13814 дней назад
College has become the dividing line in America, not just economically, but socially, too. Sam Pressler, a practitioner fellow at the University of Virginia and a research affiliate at the Harvard Human Flourishing Program, joins Oren to discuss the crisis this is fueling for young Americans who don't go to college as they navigate the transition to adulthood alone. The two talk through the his...
What Parents Want with Ivana Greco
Просмотров 13021 день назад
As the election approaches, both parties are trying to position themselves as the better choice for American families. But what is it that parents-particularly parents who stay home to take care of their children-actually want? Ivana Greco, a former family-law attorney turned homemaker, joins Oren to discuss her recent research on the topic, drawing on interviews with over 1,300 stay-at-home pa...
The Heartland's Political Realignment with Sarah Smarsh
Просмотров 56428 дней назад
On this episode, Oren is joined by journalist and best-selling author Sarah Smarsh to make sense of the ongoing political realignment in America's Heartland. Smarsh, who hails from rural Kansas, draws from her own upbringing to explain the forces pushing rural working-class voters away from the Democratic Party, often after decades of voting for it. She and Oren also discuss her new book, Bone ...
Rethinking China’s Trade Status with Mark DiPlacido
Просмотров 1 тыс.Месяц назад
This episode is a deep dive into what policymakers should do to overhaul U.S. trade with China to support American workers, industries, and national security. It features policy advisor Mark DiPlacido, lead author of a new report, "Disfavored Nation," that provides a roadmap for rescinding China's Permanent Normal Trade Relations (PNTR) status. He joins Oren to talk through the history of our t...
Industrial Policy's Potential with Marc Fasteau and Ian Fletcher
Просмотров 387Месяц назад
On this episode, Oren is joined by not one but two leading scholars on U.S. industrial policy, Marc Fasteau and Ian Fletcher, both of the Coalition for a Prosperous America. The episode opens with a conversation about the pair’s forthcoming book, which Oren describes as “the authoritative tome on industrial policy past, present, and future.” They dig into why the government should be involved i...
Private Power and Democracy with Joshua Kleinfeld
Просмотров 269Месяц назад
In this episode, Joshua Kleinfeld, professor of law and philosophy at the Scalia School of Law at George Mason University, joins Oren for a wide-ranging conversation about the future of the conservative legal movement. Professor Kleinfeld, a leading legal voice helping drive the conversation at the Federalist Society and beyond, connects the dots about the threat to individual liberty from not ...
Conservatism in a Secular Age with Matthew Mehan
Просмотров 209Месяц назад
In this episode, Oren Cass is joined by Dr. Matthew Mehan, associate dean of Hillsdale College’s Graduate School of Government, to discuss conservatism in our secular age, based on Oren’s First Things lecture earlier this year. The two go long on conservative morality, from the role of religion in conservatism to the wisdom of the Roman philosopher Cicero and the “most pernicious doctrine” of a...
The U.K. Realignment with Nick Timothy, MP
Просмотров 2262 месяца назад
On this episode, Nick Timothy, Conservative member of Parliament, takes a look at conservative populism from a British perspective. Timothy has had a front-row seat to the U.K.’s political realignment, and shares his observations and comparisons to the American experience. He and Oren talk through how he survived a Conservative wipeout in the recent parliamentary general elections, and the chal...
Conservative Urbanism with Aaron Renn
Просмотров 3002 месяца назад
On this episode, author and American Reformer senior fellow Aaron Renn joins Oren Cass to discuss urbanism and how conservatives should approach cities. In the wide-ranging conversation, they discuss the history of American urban governance, where conservatives should focus their policy efforts, and how urban policy can improve the lives of everyday Americans. For more, read Renn's latest on Th...
Unionizing Minor League Baseball with Harry Marino
Просмотров 1602 месяца назад
On this episode, Oren Cass is joined by Harry Marino, founder and president of Sports Solidarity, who led the successful effort last year to unionize Minor League Baseball. The two discuss how Marino's time in the minors made him realize a union was needed, his successful campaign to win recognition for that union from Major League Baseball, and how the lessons he learned can be applied beyond ...
Where Money Comes From with Richard Werner
Просмотров 10 тыс.2 месяца назад
On this episode, University of Winchester professor and economist Richard Werner joins Oren Cass for a discussion on monetary policy. The two discuss where money comes from, the ways that government policy can help and hurt markets, and how to differentiate between productive and non-productive finance. For more, read his latest book, Where Does Money Come From? A Guide to the UK Monetary and B...
Revisiting the CHIPS Act with Senator Todd Young
Просмотров 2,3 тыс.2 месяца назад
On this episode, Senator Todd Young (R-IN) joins Oren Cass for a conversation about the CHIPS Act on the two-year anniversary of its passage. They discuss its ongoing implementation, where those efforts have fallen short or been supplanted by unrelated policy objectives, and what policymakers need to do to revitalize American manufacturing more broadly. For more, read our Compass Point essay re...
Tariffs and Market Power with Michael Lind
Просмотров 8953 месяца назад
On this episode, author and academic Michael Lind joins Oren Cass for a wide-ranging conversation about the U.S. economy. The two discuss the merits of tariffs, the public purpose of markets and market power, and how best to provide social insurance. For more, read Lind's recent Compass Point essay, "So What If Tariffs Are Taxes?" (americancompass.org/so-what-if-tariffs-are-taxes/) and check ou...
When Markets Fail with Ruchir Sharma
Просмотров 2,3 тыс.3 месяца назад
When Markets Fail with Ruchir Sharma
Unpacking the Vance VP Pick with Henry Olsen
Просмотров 1,5 тыс.3 месяца назад
Unpacking the Vance VP Pick with Henry Olsen
Making Sense of Electric Vehicles with Oren Cass
Просмотров 4993 месяца назад
Making Sense of Electric Vehicles with Oren Cass
Reindustrializing America with Dean W. Ball
Просмотров 4184 месяца назад
Reindustrializing America with Dean W. Ball
The Realignment of the Working Class with Batya Ungar-Sargon
Просмотров 1 тыс.4 месяца назад
The Realignment of the Working Class with Batya Ungar-Sargon
Talkin’ (Policy) Shop: Return of the Fiscal Conservatives
Просмотров 3075 месяцев назад
Talkin’ (Policy) Shop: Return of the Fiscal Conservatives
America's Broken Immigration System with Mark Krikorian
Просмотров 2715 месяцев назад
America's Broken Immigration System with Mark Krikorian
The Rise of American "Neopopulism" with David Leonhardt
Просмотров 6455 месяцев назад
The Rise of American "Neopopulism" with David Leonhardt
The Wolves of K Street with Brody Mullins
Просмотров 5025 месяцев назад
The Wolves of K Street with Brody Mullins
Educational Pluralism with Ashley Rogers Berner
Просмотров 1466 месяцев назад
Educational Pluralism with Ashley Rogers Berner
The Future of American Energy with Thomas Hochman
Просмотров 6536 месяцев назад
The Future of American Energy with Thomas Hochman
Michael Pettis on Dollar Dominance
Просмотров 12 тыс.6 месяцев назад
Michael Pettis on Dollar Dominance
Inside the CHIPS Act Rollout with Micron Technology
Просмотров 4367 месяцев назад
Inside the CHIPS Act Rollout with Micron Technology
Patrick Ruffini on Populism and the Realignment
Просмотров 3138 месяцев назад
Patrick Ruffini on Populism and the Realignment
The Media and Conservatism with David Leonhardt, Emily Jashinsky, andIdrees Kahloon
Просмотров 2578 месяцев назад
The Media and Conservatism with David Leonhardt, Emily Jashinsky, andIdrees Kahloon
These guys are happy a rapist and convict is going to be President ?
Who forces US to absorb the excess production? So every country should underproduce that so poor US will not have save the world by excessive borrowing to have these over production countries. What rubbish
This dude explains money creation just like my late father-in-law John G Ranlett does...from an academic, extremely boring viewpoint. He is correct, but does not go into who started this con, and how they use money creation to control the world...Bill Still with his documentaries The Money Masters and The secret of OZ, and Paul Grignon's documentaries Money as Debt 1 through 4 explain everything a lot better and easier to comprehend.
Trump broke Self😂😂😂
Another most recent interview by Prof. Pettis is here: ruclips.net/video/KyYJ1isVj3I/видео.html
Refreshing and engaging observations regarding what is "class" in America? ><<><><><><>><>< What is the status of a working class raised person who becomes rich (Dolly Parton, e.g.) relative to one of the inherited gentry?
I grew up on a farm in the south of Ireland and I basically failed high school and barely managed to get an apprenticeship electrical job in 1980 when I turned 19. I had zero measureable skills that would set me up to be able to buy a house and raise a family. I had extremely low self esteem and couldn’t see how a girl would be interested in my. I immigranted to the San Francisco Bay Area within a few years after spending several years with no work and little to no income. I met an married a girl that had applied to Standford University and her father is a Harvard attorney who owned a law firm in San Francisco. I was beyond out of my class, my religion and tossed from one of the most conservative upbringings to one of the most liberal environments in the world. I have made good money but I’m always thinking like a country boy to this day.
Current American politics are: There are those who are terrified by the thought that removing the genitals of 8 year old boys is positive progression, do NOT think that moving all US jobs to China is sound economics, do not believe that teen aged boys should be in girl's bathrooms or in girls sports teams and are generally convinced that electric cars have a 300 mile range at maximum on a charge. And there are those to whom belonging on the perceived winning team, image in status and having and being part of impressive friends circles is more important than preserving American ideals like freedom of speech and freedom of religion. For to be a progressive, meaning a person who is hopeful and believes that there must be better ways to deal with societal challenges, it is almost prerequisite that one is an extremely bad student of history.
Lovely conversation. Thanks Oren!
please fix your audio quality and processing
Important conversation
Trade is and has always been win-win. If it wasn't nobody would bother. It is the best way for parties to prosper mutually. This is a historic and economic fact. The problem isn't China. The US made out like bandits on trading. The problem is the systemic wealth disparity in the US. Why blame China for the 1% who kept all the loot and shared none with the rest of America. That is your problem. You are despicable and shameful and stupid to boot.
Bullshit racist anti-China bashing. The US was already deindustrialized when China entered the WTO.
Corporate greed has absolutely nothing to do with your decline 😂 It's the same here at home in the UK. China forced you to deindustrialise is such a joke.
Only the Chinese dictatorship keeps claiming America is in decline. Don’t forget the same Chinese regime says it is a democracy and has no credibility. China is the gas lighting nation of the world and it’s pathetic since its own economy and demographics are crumbling for all to see, according to official Chinese data
THE GLOBAL SOUTH MARKETS MAKES UP 88% OF THE GLOBAL POPULATION WITH EMERGING ECONOMIES AND RISING POPULATIONS. THE BRICS AND THE GLOBAL SOUTH MARKETS ARE GOING TO BE THE CENTER OF ECONOMICS GROW AND THE ECONOMIC ENGIN FOR THE NEXT 50 YEARS.. CHINA AND THE GLOBAL SOUTH MAKES UP OF AROUND 6.5 BILLION PEOPLE..THE CHINESE NOT NEED THE AMERICAN MARKET AND YOU TWO CLOWNS ARE STUPID TO UNDERSTAND BASIC ECONOMICS
THE AMERICAN MARKET IS 336 MILLION PEOPLE WITH A DECLINING MIDDLE CLASS AND POVERTY EXPANSION. BOTH OUR GOVERNMENT CITIZENS ARE BROKE..THE CHINESE MARKET IS 1.4 BILLION PEOPLE WITH AN EXPANSION MIDDLE CLASS AND 850 MILLION PEOPLE OUT OF POVERTY. THE CHINESE HAVE A DOMESTIC SAVINGS OF AROUND 18 TRILLION DOLLARS..80% OF ALL CHINESE MANUFACTURED GOODS ARE FOR THEIR DOMESTIC MARKET.L CHINA IS THE WORLDS LARGEST CONSUMER MARKET AND TRADING PARTNER.THE CHINESE DO NOT NEED THE AMERICAN MARKET FOR ITS ECONOMIC SURVIVAL. THEY HAVE A TRADE SURPLUS OF 100 BILLION DOLLARS A MONTH..THEY DO NOT NEED WESTERN INVESTORS EITHER.
these fools are the reason we'll have decades of high inflation.
I think that the American foreign policy establishment is unable to escape their Cold War mentality and applying it to China. Thus far, it has been counterproductive, resulting in the layoffs of 15,000 employees at Intel as sales to their largest customer was restricted by the State Department.
Two dummy talking
@@lycao7451 look in the mirror
First time viewer here, very impressed with this interview. Both you and Mark are intelligent and provided to-the-point analysis. I subscribed to your website and look forward to reading more work from American Compass! Mark also gained a follower!
China has created so many high pay positions in a brand new job category. Congressmen, analysts, NGOs, businesses, and researchers...
😂😂
AEROSPACE ENGINEER HERE: I agree with a lot of what's being said about various technologies BUT CAN YOU ECONOMISTS GET YOUR FACTS RIGHT ON CONCORDE. Concorde was NOT an economic failure and was in fact for most of its history British Airways most profitable division. What Concorde is a magnificent case study in *UNDERSTANDING YOUR MARKET.* This is a brief history of what happened. After a few years of dramatic losses they told the pilots to look for new jobs because it was losing too much. The pilots said that's impossible because the planes were full. Pilots have to do weights and balances before take-off so they knew how many people were flying. They claimed it had to be ticketing prices because the planes were flying at capacity and therefore should make money. British Airways challenged the pilots that if they could get Concorde to make money then they could run the division and the pilots accepted the challenge. They then did one of the great marketing exercises of all time and found out who were their regular travellers. What they found was an unusual group who were flying across the Atlantic 2 or 3 times a week. These very frequent flyers turned out to be mostly lawyers and bankers who'd fly across the Atlantic get something signed or deliver some papers and then fly back. When they approached them and asked what these people thought the value of a Concorde ticket was they found that these people had no idea, because their secretaries were buying the tickets. So they asked what they thought they were worth and the answer was 5-10 times the actual ticket prices. The pilots went and jacked the prices up and those regular customers kept using Concorde and the planes were still flying at capacity. They even helped out those frequent flyers by putting facilities for them in the terminal (meeting rooms, change rooms, etc.) so they didn't even need to go through customs to do their business. The RESULT was Concorde then became British Airways most profitable division up until September 11 when around 100 of Concordes most frequent flyers were killed in the Twin Towers. It wasn't the crash in France, it was Osama Bin Laden who killed Concorde. The trope or meme that Concorde was a failure was NEVER TRUE. The Reason why Boeing's option for an SST failed was because, just as American's do it had to be bigger and faster. In stead of 2+2 seating it was 3+3 and going faster meant using more fuel plus the Brits had better engines. So the Boeing SST was doomed in the engineering office not unlike stupid decisions made years later on the Max-8.
Hahahaha hahaha hahahaha!!! Industrial policy? Are you SHITTING me? Our “industrial policy” is to send all manufacturing to overseas cheap labor. DUH
Richard Werner just speaks the truth about modern money creation. It’s almost exclusively a private bank credit system, which is not a force for good and must periodically crash and demand public funding. Which it gets. This is worse than bad.
At the heart of the problem is America’s broken education system. No industrial policy will solve anything for low skill workers in a high cost of living country.
No ‘BAU’? ‘Most’ ‘economic thinking’ is ‘short run’ and ‘redundant’? ‘It’ ignores the ‘supply side’? ‘Growth’ {and ‘civilisation’} depends upon ‘cheap’ F.F. - those so called ‘halcyon days’ are ‘over’. ? “The crisis now unfolding, however, is entirely different to the 1970s in one crucial respect… The 1970s crisis was largely artificial. When all is said and done, the oil shock was nothing more than the emerging OPEC cartel asserting its newfound leverage following the peak of continental US oil production. There was no shortage of oil any more than the three-day-week had been caused by coal shortages. What they did, perhaps, give us a glimpse of was what might happen in the event that our economies depleted our fossil fuel reserves before we had found a more versatile and energy-dense alternative. . . . And this is why the crisis we are beginning to experience will make the 1970s look like a golden age of peace and tranquility. . . . The sad reality though, is that our leaders - at least within the western empire - have bought into a vision of the future which cannot work without some new and yet-to-be-discovered high-density energy source (which rules out all of the so-called green technologies whose main purpose is to concentrate relatively weak and diffuse energy sources). . . . Even as we struggle to reimagine the 1970s in an attempt to understand the current situation, the only people on Earth today who can even begin to imagine the economic and social horrors that await western populations are the survivors of the 1980s famine in Ethiopia, the hyperinflation in 1990s Zimbabwe, or, ironically, the Russians who survived the collapse of the Soviet Union.” ? No ‘green’ solution? “The problem with both visions of the future - and the spectrum of views between them - is a fundamental misunderstanding of the collapse which has begun to break over us. This is that each assumes the continuation of that part of industrial civilisation which is required to make their version of the future possible, even as the coming collapse wipes away ALL aspects of industrial civilisation. Most obviously, nobody had developed even an embryonic version of the renewable energy supply chain which is the essential first step to turning non-renewable renewable energy-harvesting technologies (NRREHTs) into the envisioned “renewables” upon which the promised techno-psychotic future is to be built. That is, until it is possible to mine the minerals, build the components, manufacture and transport the technologies without the use of fossil fuels at any stage in the process, then there is no such thing as “renewable energy” in the sense which the term is currently promoted. “
Everyone who I tell that banks create money out of nothing reply as if they knew this. If I ask them if banks can create money they say no.
Democracy does not work. The problem is ignorance, corruption, and very evil people - secretly - in power. The solution is justice. Justice would have corrupt politicians thrown out of office or forced to undo injustice.
Economic justice is when the individuals that made the bad decisions and then profited off of those bad decisions are forced to pay (and/or) go to jail. Banks/corporations failing never brings justice. But economic justice will never happen in our society.
LOL, conservatives losing the culture wares: "lets let parents vote for their children since we don't have enough votes to win on our ideas"... this is why the GOP is now run by fascists and classical goldwater conservatives are political ronin... and these dudes are the frog sitting in the bar with everything on fire saying "this is fine" while they engage in meaningless intellectual debates with eachother...
This will divide people just like the reparations argument does. My kid is grown so I get less representation than people with young kids?
If children need votes then give them the votes. Lower the voting age to 15. They are still better educated than people were historically.
Michael Pettis is now in Cambodia as Visiting Professor at "CamEd Business School"
Let's open our southern border to let in more Christians! Oh not THOSE Christians. Got it.
The anti pagan right always seems to dismiss centuries of Christian dictators and still rejects the systemic, liberation theology. Imposing a moral code from the 17th century and rejecting human liberation is acting like the pagan dictators they attempt to distinguish themselves too.
When we discuss Christians, are we talking about the Christians who ordain openly gay priests and bishops or the Christions who regard homosexuality as an abomination?
There is a problem with the analysis of what caused inflation. I did not and I do not know people whose assets increased so that consumption increased causing inflation. Inflation is the imposition of liabilities on society forcing the transfer of assets to those who impose a liabilities. That impacts balance sheets by reducing equity that people in society have. Assets minus liabilities equal equity. Those who impose the higher prices - liabilities on society - receive an increase in assets while facing the same liabilities so their balance sheets show an increase in their equity. Higher interest rates by central banks signals the banking industry to impose liabilities on society with their higher interest rates. And that forces assets - cash/money - to be transferred to the bankers.
Some commenters misunderstand Richard Werner. He doesn't promote QE as something we should aim to do. He proposes that governments with a sovereign currency can use it to fix a banking disaster, and he admits that this is a bank bailout and thus bad and creating moral hazard. If you listen to his wider work, he advocates that we need to stop banks from creating the boom and bust ecomomic cycles. He argues we need to stop loans for asset purchases, for example to finance the acquisition of a company, or to fund a large commercial property development. He advocates for more small regional banks who will loan to local businesses. Werner is not part of the corrupt establishment. They detest him for exposing their corrupt self interest. I detest the central banks and the too big to fail banks and so does richard.
If you look at any polling ever, progressive policies are more popular even among republicans. People just don't know which parties have what policies.
David is as much of a man as I am a head of lettuce 😂
Seems the Gold Standard would be a solution to a big part of this problem, since the exchange rate would be fixed. Doesn't mean a country couldn't subsidize their industry with other means ofc, but a gold standard + a heavy focus in trade agreements on disallowing subsidies, seems like a more natural way forward imo than trying to convince exporting countries to equalize their imports with their exports. Fantastic talk as usual from Pettis.
Clearly a gold standard could be difficult to achieve as well, and if too difficult, then perhaps Keynes' bancor plan that Pettis refers to, is another alternative. But I don't ever see countries like China, Vietnam, Germany etc, agreeing to equalize imports with exports.
If they don't equalize voluntarily, you can create equalization with tariffs high enough to reduce the imports.
@@michaels4255 I don’t think that’s optimal, it’s micromanaging to a point that undermines the entire conception of trade. Like injecting your own new version of heavy-handed intervention, to try and solve the imbalances of the current interventions.
@@Cotswolds1913 Nonsense. It's just a damn tax, with effects no worse than any other tax. The US relied heavily on tariffs for most of our history. Other countries have used tariffs too, for both revenue and as part of industrial policy. Indeed, tariffs (import taxes) are one of the LEAST heavy handed interventions that government can make. And you already conceded that major exporters to the US are unlikely to voluntarily balance their trade. So what's your plan? Just keep importing unemployment and declining real wages (even when per capita GDP/GDI goes up and all gets skimmed off by the upper percentiles) until voters get desperate and elect socialists?
@@michaels4255 using tariffs =/= an explicit attempt to equalize imports with exports, on a globalized basis. That will require extreme levels of hand puppetry.
The power of the private bankers on money CREATION, "ex nihilo" lies on the ignorance of the people on the secrets of the banking system.
I know yall wouldn't consider yourselves very conservative if you didnt have reservations about immigration but if you seem to acknowledge there are net benefits of immigration according to people beyond the left like CATO then why oppose it? I don't see how appeasing the racists or misinformed and causing a recession would help anyone.
Because it's unpopular.
I love how conservatives always end up supporting the virtues of bills THAT THEY VOTED AGAINST. Either support the bills or stop taking credit for them. End the weird hypocrisy.
Cass' voice is very soothing
“Babe wake up, new American Compass just dropped!” -me unironically
So, now the right accepts higher taxes on the rich to support government social programs. The MAGA right is merging with the Bernie Sanders / Elizabeth Warren, populist wing of the Democrat party. Unreal!
There's a reason that the most advanced chips are made in Taiwan and South Korea. No one does it better than their manufacturing facilities and engineers. America is unable to compete no matter what industrial policy you do. Here's a thought, allow these brilliant engineers to immigrate to America to build the chips & semiconductors rather than keeping them out. Allow Intel to hire them. Other than that, this is just more central planning that will fail.
Remember that he voted against this bill, and now that it is proving to be a success, he wants to take credit for it, like every other conservative politician. He can't just admit that he was wrong and move on, like an adult, he has to lie and claim that he always thought it was a good thing. Kind of like when they had a border bill that was their wet dream for immigration and then voted against it. It's all political theater for these guys. The same people that have made this congress the least productive in US history.
Conservatives are drifting leftward on economic issues. Give them time and they'll adopt the Green New Deal. Big Government rules the day on both sides.
The Fed Reserve needs to go. The Rothschilds' control most of the world's money. We went from a gold back system to a system of air.
“Taxation is a free lunch” boy if that isn’t the truth. I refuse to gift/bequests them any more.