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Pathways of the Past
Добавлен 16 фев 2013
This channel is dedicated to sharing the prehistoric art of flintknapping, traditional skills, and educating about our shared archaeological past. I upload flintknapping replications, videos documenting projects that I make, and videos documenting archaeological cultures and sites. I have been flintknapping since the Spring of 2010 and have earned both a Bachelor's and Master's Degree in Anthropology with a focus on Archaeology. I am a field archaeologist doing cultural resource management (CRM) within the United States. Join with me as I explore archaeology, flintknapping, and ancient technology.
Searching Washington's Coast for Stone to Make Axes
I had the privilege recently of visiting the state of Washington for my honeymoon. While there, I couldn't pass up the opportunity to snag a few cobbles of basalt to make stone axe heads with. Enjoy this short video of me exploring!
Просмотров: 214
Видео
Kentucky's Early Woodland Period: Flintknapping an Adena Point
Просмотров 7922 месяца назад
Around 3,000 years ago, the Indigenous peoples of Kentucky made several innovations which are visible in the archaeological record: the development of agriculture, the use of pottery, and the construction of earthen mounds for burying the dead and as ritual spaces. These changes mark the start of the Early Woodland period in the archaeological record. In this video, I flintknap a stone projecti...
An Edge from Stone: Making a Stone Adze
Просмотров 3,3 тыс.4 месяца назад
Stone was the medium people used for thousands of years to fell trees and work wood. Adzes, woodworking tools with horizontal edges, were different from axes but just as important. In this video, using traditional techniques, I make a fully functional stone adze. Music: "Wild Dance" by Onyx Music, used under Artlist License 808614
The First Polynesians on Rapa Nui grew South American Crops
Просмотров 11 тыс.6 месяцев назад
In this video I discuss the recent paper, "Identification of breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) and South American crops introduced during early settlement of Rapa Nui (Easter Island), as revealed through starch analysis" by Berenguer et. al 2024. In this study, the authors examine starches left on obsidian flake tools from one of Rapa Nui's earliest archaeological sites and make surprising discov...
The Kentucky Late Archaic Period: Flintknapping a Saratoga Point
Просмотров 71310 месяцев назад
The Late Archaic (5,000-3,000 BP) is the last subdivision of the Archaic period in Kentucky Archaeology. Increased cultural complexity is known during this time period, with people obtaining exotic goods through long-distance exchange networks, the beginnings of horticulture, and even the first use of pottery. In this video, watch me replicate a Saratoga point, a style from this period, and dis...
Pathways of the Past Trailer 2024!!!
Просмотров 40510 месяцев назад
Pathways of the Past is dedicated to teaching about the archaeological past, particularly through demonstrating how stone tool were made and used by people in the past. This video covers highlights from this past year, as well as teases footage from some of the project and videos I have for 2024!!! Music credit: Savanna by Milo Mwanza, used under Artlist license 808614
The Kentucky Middle Archaic Period: Flintknapping a Godar Projectile Point
Просмотров 944Год назад
Beginning around 8,000 years ago many of the hunter-gatherer populations in Kentucky became less mobile, making use of wetland and riverine resources, using new types of tools, and burying their dead in midden cemeteries. These cultural changes are what archaeologists use to define the Middle Archaic period. During this time people were making side notched projectile points, which I replicate i...
The Kentucky Early Archaic Period: Flintknapping a Kirk Point
Просмотров 890Год назад
We continue our journey through Kentucky's archaeological timeline with the Early Archaic period. It was during this time, starting ~10,000 years ago, that Kentucky's environment and ecology had transitioned from Pleistocene conditions to those like today. During this period, archaeologists see evidence for changes in stone tool technology, food procurement strategies, and more. The Kirk archae...
Making a Hafted Flint Hidescraper
Просмотров 850Год назад
Hide scrapers would have been one of the most important tools in prehistoric toolkits, as tanning hides was necessary for many cultures to make clothing, containers, tent covers, and more. In this video I not only replicate a stone endscraper, like found in many archaeological assemblages, but also haft it to a wooden handle to demonstrate what the complete tool might have looked like.
Kentucky's Paleoindian Period: Flintknapping a Clovis Point
Просмотров 5 тыс.Год назад
We start our exploration of Kentucky's past in the Paleoindian period, the earliest period of human occupation in the state. The earliest archaeological culture in this area known to date is the Clovis culture. These ancestral Indigenous Americans mastered Kentucky's Ice Age landscape just before the Pleistocene-Holocene transition. They would have hunted both extinct and extant animals using s...
New Video Series Announcement! Kentucky Archaeology
Просмотров 370Год назад
A look at what is coming to this channel! I will be doing a series focusing on the archaeology of the U.S. Commonwealth of Kentucky by making a replica of something from each of its subdivisions of prehistory. Thanks for being patient with me as uploads have been slow, I hope you enjoy this video series!
Flintknapping a Hollow Base Arrowhead and Bell Beaker in Denmark
Просмотров 1 тыс.Год назад
The Bell Beaker phenomenon is a unique cultural manifestation that occurred around the beginning of the Bronze Age in Western Europe. While metal artifacts do show up in Bell Beaker archaeological assemblages, flint tools were much more common for daily use. In this video, I flintknap a Hollow Base arrowhead replica from Bell Beaker age Denmark and discuss this archaeological phenomenon. All mu...
Collecting Newman Chert for Flintknapping
Просмотров 3 тыс.Год назад
In this video I collect Newman chert, aka Carter Cave chert, for flintknapping arrowheads, spearheads, and other stone tools. This high grade material originates from Newman Limestone Formation in Eastern Kentucky and was used for thousands of years by indigenous peoples to make stone tools. Join me on a short adventure in a creek while I collect this rock!
Flintknapping a Projectile Point from Monte Verde and the First Americans
Просмотров 1,6 тыс.Год назад
Flintknapping a Projectile Point from Monte Verde and the First Americans
Flintknapping a Pre Clovis point from the Cooper's Ferry Site and the Earliest Americans
Просмотров 1,7 тыс.Год назад
Flintknapping a Pre Clovis point from the Cooper's Ferry Site and the Earliest Americans
Making a Flint Knife from the Groswater Complex
Просмотров 2,5 тыс.Год назад
Making a Flint Knife from the Groswater Complex
Flintknapping an Oxbow point and Ice Patch Archaeology
Просмотров 1 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping an Oxbow point and Ice Patch Archaeology
Flintknapping Blades and Blade Cores
Просмотров 5 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping Blades and Blade Cores
Flintknapping a Northern Side Notched Point and the Middle Holocene Period
Просмотров 2,4 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping a Northern Side Notched Point and the Middle Holocene Period
Flintknapping a Quartz Microlith and the Oldest Evidence of the Bow and Arrow
Просмотров 1,7 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping a Quartz Microlith and the Oldest Evidence of the Bow and Arrow
Flintknapping a Leaf Arrowhead and the Neolithic Period
Просмотров 1,6 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping a Leaf Arrowhead and the Neolithic Period
Flintknapping a Channel Islands Barbed Point and the Paleoindian Period
Просмотров 3,4 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping a Channel Islands Barbed Point and the Paleoindian Period
Flintknapping a Tanged Point and the Incipient Jomon period in Japan
Просмотров 2,2 тыс.2 года назад
Flintknapping a Tanged Point and the Incipient Jomon period in Japan
Recreating a Groswater Complex Harpoon and Paleoarctic Life in Newfoundland and Labrador
Просмотров 4,3 тыс.2 года назад
Recreating a Groswater Complex Harpoon and Paleoarctic Life in Newfoundland and Labrador
Flintknapping a Spined Early Archaic Point and an Ancient Female Hunter of the Andes
Просмотров 1,5 тыс.3 года назад
Flintknapping a Spined Early Archaic Point and an Ancient Female Hunter of the Andes
Flintknapping Obsidian Tattooing Tools from the Solomon Islands
Просмотров 1,2 тыс.3 года назад
Flintknapping Obsidian Tattooing Tools from the Solomon Islands
Flintknapping Still Bay Point from Blombos Cave, South Africa
Просмотров 2,2 тыс.3 года назад
Flintknapping Still Bay Point from Blombos Cave, South Africa
Flintknapping one of Otzi the Iceman's Arrowheads and Life in the Late Neolithic
Просмотров 3,8 тыс.3 года назад
Flintknapping one of Otzi the Iceman's Arrowheads and Life in the Late Neolithic
Went all over the world like all the good ideas
i used the adze to make the adze
Dude, this was an insanely good video. That indirect method was so casual and had me stressing. Well done!!!
Thanks man! Believe me, I was stressing too lol
You've always been an awesome narrator, and an amazing teacher. I like that the thing everyone complains about, you find the positive. The rain makes everything pop.
Thank you! As long as you’re not getting soaked the rain there is really pretty.
Great production, Silas! and that chert!? perfect for that style of point! Thanks for the lessons!
Brilliant craftsmanship
What about the sadia point,they say it was older than clovis.
Just a few days ago I was wondering when there would be a new video, happy to see this!
Wish I would’ve stuck with natural tools when starting out then maybe I’d be better with them
Another great video with the perfect combination of well referenced information and proficient, traditional knapping skills.
Nice peice of stone youre working. Ive only worked a couple palm sized flakes of it before. I found an ancient spall about half inch thick and 5or6 inches long of some really high grade Hornstone i think or maybe blue Sonora chert. It was so waxy and beautiful I couldn't help myself but to knap it lol. It turned out great i think. Take a look and tell me what you think. Its a short. 😎🏹
Appreciate the skilled knapping and educational commentary. 👍
Nice work. It's deceptive to look at an Adena point and then try to recreate it, thinking it is a simple form. The proportions are difficult to get without first understanding the preform stages. It took me several attempts to replicate a proper Robbins Adena, with an accurately proportioned stem and thin blade. The difference between a late archaic stemmed point and a true culturally correct Adena is subtle but it's there.
Great video.
Great Job! Thank you so much for sharing. I learned a lot from this video.
Transverse arrowheads are just stone broadheads lol 😆
Thank you 🙏🏼
can you talk about side scrapers and their hafting?
would these be used for scraping and shaping wood as well?
Occasionally endscrapers like this have woodworking use-wear on them, so it isn’t unheard of. Though the perpendicular orientation of the scraper to the handle wouldn’t be the best for woodworking, I’d think.
would they haft flint scrapers like the one you use to shape the handle? what alternatives can someone use for that task?
While I don’t know of any examples of complete sidescrapers with the handles preserved (since it’s so rare), it’s not unusual to find similar tools with use-wear indicating they were hafted to a handle. Being hafted in the center of a long handle that could be grasped with two handed would probably work best. Alternatives to flint scrapers or to unhafted scrapers of any kind?
Solutrean culture heavily valued there tools by evidence of “sacrificial blade caches”. Some of the most beautifully thin lengthy points were found that were over 12 inches long! Producing blades that were thin, long, and masterfully pressure flaked is extremely difficult and arduous. I’ve tried many times and broke many but the challenge is master level for bifacial point reproduction.
Oh I forgot to add that the solutrean culture did a technique called “outre passé” which is French for over shot. The only other culture that did this technique was Clovis. At the first or second stage they would began doing over shot flakes across the whole core to rapidly thin down the piece then make a edge across the whole core it’s incredibly risky but reduces the amount of time in production most often found at quarries.
Awesome historical documentary well done!
Awesome, good job man the arrowhead and the information. Collector from Missouri.
great info.
your content deserves 100k views first week, but of course that's not the world we live in
Fascinating! You've inspired me to try making one myself!
Great job as always!
It’s amazing how effective that really is! Id love to see a comparison to a knapped guilford axe.
I got to see the prehistoric adze quarry on main island of American Samoa. It's in the headwaters of Vaipuna stream near village of Leone (leo-ngee). Also the bedrock grinding polishing bowls called "foaga" (foh-ahn-ah). The ones I saw were on the banks of stream beds of the villages of Amaluia, Asili and Afao at west end of Tutuiuila. Slippery Rock just south of Leone.. Also on the beach at Faga' (fah-ngah) on the north shore island of Ta'u (tah-ooo). The basalt rock at said quarry has been found in far away parts of Polynesia and is of very fine grain. If you visit AmSam go to the National Park Service visitors center in Pago Fagatogo (fah-ngah-koe-ngo) and a ranger can give you directions. I did a home stay for two months in village of Amaluia. Look up on Google Satellite maps or Google Earth of American Samoa islands to view these spots I mentioned (street view is also of these spots).
Very nicely done. How many hours do you think it took to grind the adze?
love it! finally some different styles of tools!
Very cool!! I’ve wanted to try my hand at ground stone tools. I haven’t knapped in well over a year after I lost my touch. Might be time to get back into it. The only complaint I have about your videos is that I wish you could make more.
Outstanding!
Barbourville
very similar to the square axes from neolithic europe , nice work !
I am guessing that there were some kind of rotary systems that turned large flat stones, and I believe these stones were made with a slightly more sophisticated technology... but I can't prove it. I could only assume that someone clever enough to Knap stones, would also realize the basic physics of a makeshift flywheel. There have been large stone wheels found at some sites and some claim that they were animal driven grain grinding stones. I would just like to think that there is a more timely method! Great show man!
I think there would be more evidence of large rotary stones used to grind stone axes if that were the case. Worldwide, we see more evidence lateral grinding, evidenced by large stones with grooves/trenches from grinding axes. There’s a compelling argument that in some places, people used “sledges” to grind their axes, basically to weigh the axe heavily against the grinding surface and provide handles. Let me see if I can find a link to show you.
ruclips.net/video/7oma6hIBrrQ/видео.htmlsi=YShbziTC3ia5VWyw
Great video. Little tip from experience here, but if you go to your local creek and get sand to use as a grit while grinding it makes the whole process go twice as fast even if your grinding on sandstone. I found that out and will always do it that way from now on. When ready to polish you can just wash the sand off your sanding block or get a smooth stone and polish the edge without sand which i have found to work the best.👍🏻
I used crushed sandstone to produce sand combined with flint dust for grinding this adze blade.
@@pathwaysofthepast I bet that works even better
Excellent video and great information
Nice!!!
can you do a couple videos/series on eastern woodlands style toolkits?
I’ve been doing a series on Kentucky points/archaeology, but I assume you mean an entire set of tools for a particular time/archaeological culture? That would be cool
@@pathwaysofthepast Yeahi love you qork on Kentucky points but yeah i meant more along the lines of the toolset used be the southeastern Dalton cultures
Thank you for explaining and showing the techniques. I always enjoy your videos.
Beautiful adze. The stone blade you made is just like the ones I used to find along the Scioto River in Ohio. Thank for showing start to finish!
Good video,... now where will we find you in the ice? Did you also make his Knife sheath, Bow and Arrows, Quiver, Shoes, Clothes, Back Pack?
I find solutrean style points in pa made from aluminum oxide aka corundum any chance you have ever worked with this material and tried to make a point? I have a lot of rough corundum if you would ever like to try let me know id sacrifice a piece lol.. I know it's controversial but I believe I have found evidence that the solutrean made it to the east coast of North America.. the corundum is so hard they were using a lot of abrasion and heating techniques to shape it ...many saws and drills..my theory is this material is to difficult to flake but they made great points and they seemed to have used abrasion to creat the shape or preform then went in heated the edges and pressure flaked..?? They were also making effigy stones and beads and pendants I've located several quarry sites in s.e PA check my channel out for more info ...Awesome Work!!👍
I can appreciate the work with the primitive tools. .
Great explanation!
I love your explanations! I have read so much about the topic but I am always hungry for more.
Thank you! There’s so much to talk about with Clovis and Paleoindian archaeology, I could make videos constantly on the topic.
You are ignoring the theory outlawed by mainstream archaeology that South American peoples first colonised the eastern Pacific, then Polynesian arrived and usurped them, wiping out most but not all of the people with South American genetics. However more evidence is coming out to support this theory. Because Thor Heyerdahl advanced this theory, who was a citizen anthropologist, academics hate on it due to jealousy of a non-academic interfering in their sphere.
doesn't make sense. polynesians were navigating the open ocean in that part of the world at that time.
@@eeeaten polynesian have only been in the pacific 2200 yrs go figure.
@@eeeaten even the haida acknowledged this
@@darrelhenley-mc9dw sorry, i mis-spoke above, or perhaps even commented on the wrong video. i agree with you. if polynesians reached the americas (they probably did) it was around 1200AD. there is no polynesian genetic influence in the americas. the op is total bananas.
I live in Denmark and are fasinated by those points. Make a lot of them myself.
I doubt you have ever been there
No, I have in fact, never been to Easter Island